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91.
Increasing (or decreasing) the convergence angle can shrink (or expand) the perceived size of an object without changing its retinal size. The present report deals with the question of whether such a change in perceived size affects visual acuity. We investigated the effects of perceived size on the legibility of letters, using a telestereoscope which can control the observer’s convergence angle while keeping the size of the retinal image constant. We demonstrated that letters do become more legible (illegible) as perceived size expands (shrinks), although their retinal size stays constant. Then, we measured the ‘threshold’ size of the convergence angle, at which letters became legible from illegible, for several retinal sizes (0.1 to 0.2 deg) of letters. The result shows that the threshold decreases as the retinal size of letters decreases, so that the minimum retinal size of legible letters depends on the convergence angle. This implicates contributions from the size perception at higher levels of the visual system to the determination of visual acuity. 相似文献
92.
93.
Teruji Tsuji Takahiro Kataoka Mitsuru Yoshioka Yuji Sendo Yasuhiro Nishitani Shoichi Hirai Takashi Maeda Wataru Nagata 《Tetrahedron letters》1979,20(30):2793-2796
The benzyl ester protecting group in β-lactam derivatives can be cleanly removed by treatment with aluminum trichloride under mild conditions, preferably in the presence of anisole, to give the corresponding free acids in high yields. 相似文献
94.
Yoshio Hamashima Tadatoshi Kubota Koji Ishikura Wataru Nagata 《Tetrahedron letters》1979,20(51):4943-4946
7-Epi-1-oxacephem was obtained by stereospecific, intramolecular etherification of alcohol prepared from 7-epicephems via aldehyde or formate. Synthesis of the 3-acetoxymethyl analogwas unsuccessful. Biologically active 1-oxacephems were derived from by known processes. 相似文献
95.
96.
In this paper, we present the validity of in-line-type differential push-pull methods using segmented gratings with respect
to the radial shift of an objective lens by numerical calculation for the first time. In these differential push-pull methods,
the segmented gratings for generating sub spots are divided into two to four regions each with a specific phase value and
a width. Tracking error signals are calculated with respect to the objective lens shift under parameter conditions of the
widths of the segmented regions. The obtained results show that the grating of the simpler configuration with two regions
reveals good compatibility between DVD-R and DVD-RAM compared with those with three or four regions 相似文献
97.
Biodegradable elastomeric network polyesters were prepared from multifunctional aliphatic carboxylic acids such as tricarballylic acid (Yt) or meso-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (Xb) and poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) diols with molecular weights of 530, 1,250 and 2,000 g.mol-1. Prepolymers prepared by a melt polycondensation were cast from DMF solution and postpolymerized at 280 degrees C for various periods of times to form a network. The resultant films were transparent, flexible and insoluble in organic solvents. The network polyesters obtained were characterized by IR absorption spectra, WAXS, density measurement, DSC, and tensile test. YtPCL1250, and XbPCL1250 network polyester films showed good elastomeric properties with high ultimate elongation (540-590%), and low Young's modulus (2.5-3.3 MPa). The enzymatic degradation was estimated by the weight loss of network films in a buffer solution with Rhizopus delemar lipase at 37 degrees C. The degree and rate of degradation were significantly affected by the molecular weight of PCL diol, chemical structures of multifunctional aliphatic carboxylic acids and the morphology of network films. The changes in the solid states of network films during the degradation were also estimated by the results of DSC and WAXS. [see text] 相似文献
98.
99.
Masahito Katto Hironari Zushi Wataru Nagaya Shinya Harano Ryota Matsumoto Atushi Yokotani Masanori Kaku Shoichi Kubodera Noriaki Miyanaga 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2010,101(2):297-301
We have developed intense vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation sources for advanced material processing, such as photochemical
surface reactions and precise processing on a nanometer scale. We have constructed a new VUV laser system to generate sub-picosecond
pulses at the wavelength of 126 nm. A seed VUV pulse was generated in Xe as the 7th harmonic of a 882-nm Ti:sapphire laser.
The optimum conversion was achieved at the pressure of 1.2 Torr. The seed pulse will be amplified by the Ar2*\mathrm{Ar}_{2}^{*} media generated by an optical-field-induced ionization Ar plasma produced by the Ti:sapphire laser. We have obtained a gain
coefficient of g=0.16 cm−1. Our developing system will provide VUV ultra-short pulses with sub-μJ energy at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. 相似文献
100.
M. Mizuno T. Shinoda H. Mada S. Kobayashi 《Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals》2013,570(6):155-160
The ultraviolet absorption spectra of MBBA in the metastable and stable solids, the nematic, and the isotropic liquid states have been measured. Furthermore the spectra of dilute solutions and the linear dichroism spectra of nematic single liquid crystal in a homogeneous orientation have also been observed. 相似文献