Synthesis of 3-aryl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins by regioselective domino ‘[3+3] cyclization/lactonization’ reactions of 1,3-bis-(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with 1-hydroxy-5-silyloxy-4-en-3-ones

The [3+3] cyclization of 1,3-bis(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with 1-hydroxy-5-silyloxy-4-en-3-ones afforded 6-(2-aryl-2-chloroethyl)salicylates, which were transformed into 3-aryl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins by silica gel-mediated lactonization.     

Comparative Study of Antimicrobial Activity of Silver,Gold, and Silver/Gold Bimetallic Nanoparticles Synthesized by Green Approach

Nanotechnology is one of the most recent technologies. It is uncertain whether the production of small-size nanoparticles (NPs) can be achieved through a simple, straightforward, and medicinally active phytochemical route. The present study aimed to develop an easy and justifiable method for the synthesis of Ag, Au, and their Ag/Au bimetallic NPs (BNPs) by using Hippeastrum hybridum (HH) extract, and then to investigate the effects of Ag, Au, and their Ag/Au BNPs as antimicrobial and phytotoxic agents. Ag, Au, and their Ag/Au BNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD, EDX, and SEM analysis. XRD analysis conferring to the face of face-centered cubic crystal structure with an average size of 13.3, 10.72, and 8.34 nm of Ag, Au, and Ag/Au BNPs, respectively. SEM showed that Ag, Au, and Ag/Au BNPs had spherical morphologies, with calculated nano measurements of 40, 30, and 20 nm, respectively. The EDX analysis confirmed the composition of elemental Ag signal of the HH-AgNPs with 22.75%, Au signal of the HH-AuNPs with 48.08%, Ag signal with 12%, and Au signal with 38.26% of the Ag/Au BNPs. The Ag/Au BNPs showed an excellent antimicrobial efficacy against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Actinomycetes meriye, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Streptococcus pneumonia, and Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Serratia marcescens bacterial strains, as well as against three fungal strains (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aspergillus flavus) compared to HH extract, HH-AgNPs, and HH-AuNPs. However, further investigations are recommended to be able to minimize potential risks of application.     

Upper limit to the lightest Higgs mass in supersymmetric models

Consider all models in which the effective low-energy theory has an SU(3) × SU(2) × U(1) gauge group, softly or spontaneously broken supersymmetry, and Higgs doublets. Even though, in general, mass terms in such models are arbitrary (thus “ino” masses can be pushed up to higher and higher values), one can derive mass relations between ordinary Higgs particles. The most crucial relation gives an upper bound of 93 GeV on the mass of the lightest Higgs scalar. We discuss these relations and calculate radiative corrections to them. It is shown that the upper bound can not exceed 95 GeV, and the lower limit to the mass of charged scalar is 78 GeV. Corrections to other relations are also discussed. These relations may provide the first definitive test of low-energy supersymmetry.     

An In Vitro Study of the Interaction of Copper(II) Salicylates with Genomic DNA Using Gel Electrophoresis and Gel Permeation Chromatography

This papers describes the in vitro interaction of copper(II) acetylsalicylate and copper(II) salicylate with genomic DNA isolated from human blood. The two drug substances were found to bind to DNA after incubation with whole blood over night. Bonding was confirmed by detection of separated DNA electrophoresis bands for copper, copper(II) acetylsalicylate, copper(II) salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid and salicylic acid. Drug–DNA interactions were observed during electrophoresis in the form of fragmentation by formation of two bands when compared to controls. Gel permeation chromatography parameters also confirmed the occurrence of fragmentation. The use of gel permeation chromatography parameters as a measure of fragmentation of DNA is discussed. The fragmentation of genomic DNA after incubation with copper(II) acetylsalicylate and copper(II) salicylate suggested that these drug substances might be responsible for cytotoxicity in vivo.