乙烯基聚硅氧烷共聚反应竞聚率的测定及其对复合粒子形态的影响

用Ｆｉｍｅｍａｎ－Ｒｏｓｓ法处理数据，测定了乙烯基聚硅氧烷（ＳＶ）与苯乙烯（ＳＴ）、甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）和甲基丙烯酸正丁酯（ｎ－ＢＭＡ）的共聚反应的竞聚率，结果为ｒＳＴ＝１．４５和ｒＳＶ＝１．０８，ｒＭＭＡ＝０．７８和ｒＳＶ＝２．０１，ｒｎ－ＢＭＡ＝０．４６和ｒＳＶ＝３．４９．以含ＳＶ的乳液作为种子进行烯类单体的乳液聚合，单体和ＳＶ共聚反应对复合粒子的形态有很大影响。     

Study on inclusion complexes of meso-tetrakis(2-thienyl)porphyrin and Cu-meso-tetrakis(2-thienyl)porphyrin with cyclodextrins by spectroscopy method

In phosphate buffer solution of pH5.4, the interaction of meso-tetrakis(2-thienyl)porphyrin(H₂TTP) and Cu-meso-tetrakis(2-thienyl)porphyrin(Cu-TTP) with α-cyclodextrin(α-CD), β-CD, γ-CD, heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-CD(TM-β-CD) has been studied by means of UV-vis, fluorescence and ¹HNMR spectroscopy, respectively. The H₂TTP and Cu-TTP can form 1:2 inclusion complexes with TM-β-CD and 1:1 inclusion complexes with the other three cyclodextrins. In this paper, the inclusion constants (K) of H₂TTP and Cu-TTP for the formation of the inclusion complexes have been estimated from the changes of absorbance and fluorescence intensity in phosphate buffer solution. The inclusive capabilities of different kinds of cyclodextrins are compared. The result shows that the inclusion ability of α-CD with H₂TTP and Cu-TTP is the strongest among the three native CDs. The inclusion ability of modified β-CD with H₂TTP and Cu-TTP is stronger, compared to the native β-CD, which indicates that the capacity matching plays a crucial role in the inclusion procedure except for the hydrophobic effect. In addition ¹HNMR spectra supports the inclusion conformation of the TM-β-CD-Cu-TTP inclusion complex, indicating the interaction mechanism of inclusion processes.     

用动力学方法研究8,9-苯并-2-亚甲基-1,4,6-三氧螺[4,4]壬烷的聚合反应机理

根据在自由基引发剂存在下,8,9-苯并-2-亚甲基-1,4,6-三氧螺(4,4)壬烷(Ⅰ)可能存在的竞争反应,推导了动力学方程式。用红外光谱法测定了单体的消失速率和苯酞的生成速率。实验结果与推导动力学方程式相符。进一步证明了单体(Ⅰ)的增长反应由加成聚合和开环—异构化—加成这两个反应组成。这两个反应对总速率的相对贡献与单体浓度有关。得到了共聚物的结构。     

导电复合材料葡萄糖氧化酶传感器的研究

报导了用乙基纤维素和乙炔黑获得的导电复合材料构成的葡萄糖氧化酶生物传感器的制备方法.讨论了多种因素对该生物传感器响应电流的影响.测得此电极酶催化反应的活化能为40.3 kJ•mol－1. AFM实验表明，用环己烷洗去石蜡的导电复合材料 葡萄糖氧化酶生物传感器具有粒状结构，这有利于酶催化反应的进行.     

钯（0）／离子交换树脂对有机锡试剂和有机卤化物偶联反应的催化性能和结构表征

制备了强碱性阴离子交换树脂（）负载钯（０）催化剂，发现它对有机锡试剂和有机卤化物的偶联反应有很高的催化活性，分离容易，可重复使用．起催化作用的是金属态把．ＸＰＳ等实验结果表明，在催化剂中钯作为桥将功能基－Ｎ（ＣＨ３）３与ＯＨ－联结起来．催化剂中的把可以看作是两配位的和配位不饱和的，经过氧化加成、金属交换、还原消除过程完成催化反应．     

时间分辨激光荧光光谱分析方法研究——Ⅰ.铽、镝配合物共存时的分辨原理实验

本文对镝存在时铽的测定,进行了时间分辨激光荧光光谱分析方法的原理性实验。选择Tb、Dy-Sal乙醇溶液体系,测量了Tb~(3+)离子浓度范围为0.01～10μg/ml。Dy~(3+)离子浓度为0.1～100μg/ml范围内的荧光寿命。并得到了此范围内配合物离子浓度与荧光强度具有线性关系的结果。     

内噪声作用下的随机共振算法对弱信号的检测

基于随机共振理论提出了一种简便、有效地检测弱信号的方法。在内噪声协同作用下，通过调节输入噪声信号的大小能较好地提高系统输出信号的信噪比，从而实现检测背景噪声很强的弱信号的目的。应用于模拟信号和实验信号的结果证明了方法是可行的。     

Improved synthesis of functionalized 5,6-dihydro-pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]oxazepines

Novel synthetic approaches toward 5,6-dihydro-pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]oxazepines were reported that led to successful introduction of poorly reactive anilines and various 2-hydroxybenzaldehydes to this therapeutically relevant scaffold. More extensive SAR studies on this scaffold hence became possible.     

Separation and determination of protocatechuic aldehyde and protocatechuic acid in Salivia miltorrhrza by capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection

Capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection was applied to separate and determine protocatechuic aldehyde and protocatechuic acid in Salivia miltorrhrza preparations. The electrode used was a 0.3 mm diameter carbon disk electrode fixed in a wall-jet with amperometric detection. Under the optimum conditions, the two analytes were separated completely within 8 min. Excellent linearity was obtained in the concentration ranges of 0.25-100.0 microg ml(-1) and 0.50-100.0 microg ml(-1) for protocatechuic aldehyde and protocatechuic acid, respectively. The detection limits were 0.10 microg ml(-1) of protocatechuic aldehyde and 0.25 microg ml(-1) of protocatechuic acid, which were found to be lower than those of other methods that determine protocatechuic aldehyde (3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde) and protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydrobenzoic acid) simultaneously. The mean recoveries of protocatechuic aldehyde and protocatechuic acid were 97.4% and 103.3%. This method has been successfully applied to monitor these two components in real samples such as Salivia miltorrhrza and its two traditional Chinese medicinal preparations.     

Aqueous two-phase extraction as an effective tool for isolation of geniposide from gardenia fruit

Natural products are normally obtained by organic solvent extraction and many subsequent chromatographic separations. Compounds of interest are often isolated with very low yield and limited purity. An aqueous two-phase extraction process combined with a simple ethanol treatment, for removing excess inorganic salt, has been developed for preparation of geniposide from gardenia. The system was comprised of PE62, a random copolymer composed of 20% ethylene oxide and 80% propylene oxide, KH2PO4 and ethanol. To find optimal conditions, the partition behavior of geniposide under an aqueous two-phase system was investigated. Various factors were considered, including the concentration of salt, the concentration of polymer, the sample loading, and the addition of ethanol. The experimental results demonstrated that increasing salt concentration or decreasing PE62 concentration results in enhancement of the geniposide partition in the salt-rich phase. The addition of ethanol and higher sample loading also promoted the partition efficiency of geniposide. Based on this study, an optimized system containing 5% PE62, 7.5% KH2PO4, and 10% ethanol was tested on a large-scale extraction. A 39.0-g aliquot of final product (in powder form) with 77% purity of geniposide can be effectively extracted from 500 g of gardenia fruit. This process is proved to be useful for industrial application of geniposide preparation.