全文获取类型
收费全文 | 26002篇 |
免费 | 4246篇 |
国内免费 | 3851篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 19486篇 |
晶体学 | 339篇 |
力学 | 1473篇 |
综合类 | 348篇 |
数学 | 2956篇 |
物理学 | 9497篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 50篇 |
2023年 | 420篇 |
2022年 | 619篇 |
2021年 | 727篇 |
2020年 | 959篇 |
2019年 | 949篇 |
2018年 | 805篇 |
2017年 | 779篇 |
2016年 | 1187篇 |
2015年 | 1200篇 |
2014年 | 1400篇 |
2013年 | 1910篇 |
2012年 | 2128篇 |
2011年 | 2321篇 |
2010年 | 1607篇 |
2009年 | 1677篇 |
2008年 | 1791篇 |
2007年 | 1649篇 |
2006年 | 1591篇 |
2005年 | 1442篇 |
2004年 | 1142篇 |
2003年 | 954篇 |
2002年 | 956篇 |
2001年 | 773篇 |
2000年 | 687篇 |
1999年 | 621篇 |
1998年 | 515篇 |
1997年 | 437篇 |
1996年 | 430篇 |
1995年 | 353篇 |
1994年 | 358篇 |
1993年 | 254篇 |
1992年 | 217篇 |
1991年 | 178篇 |
1990年 | 175篇 |
1989年 | 119篇 |
1988年 | 101篇 |
1987年 | 113篇 |
1986年 | 104篇 |
1985年 | 90篇 |
1984年 | 56篇 |
1983年 | 42篇 |
1982年 | 40篇 |
1981年 | 33篇 |
1980年 | 24篇 |
1979年 | 17篇 |
1978年 | 14篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1975年 | 10篇 |
1973年 | 14篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
901.
The enthalpy changes, entropy changes and equilibrium constants of coordination reactions of 18-crown-6 with the alkali ions Na+ and K+ at 298.15K were measured by using RD-496 microcalorimeter with methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and n-butanol as solvents respectively. The results indicated that the enthalpy changes △rHm, entropy changes △rSm, and the stability of the complexes are closely related with the polarity of the solvents, and the order of the stability is ethanol>methanol>n-propanol>n-butanol>H2O for the same complex in the solvents investigated. The stability order was reasonably explained by relating the stability constants of the complexes with the dielectric constants of these solvents, and by using the model of solvated-desolvated ions and ion pair in the coordination reactions. 相似文献
902.
903.
904.
低镍甲烷化催化剂中镍和氧化镧的分散研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文用X射线衍射法(XRD), 透射电镜(TEM), 配合电子衍射对Ni/Al2O3,Ni/γ-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3等催化剂中镍晶粒度和La_2O_3的分散状态进行了测量和讨论。用透射电镜测量了不同La_2O_3含量的催化剂中镍晶粒度分布, 其平均直径可与X射线宽化法测定值相比较。催化剂中随La_2O_3加入量的增加, Ni晶粒有细化趋势, 从而提高了甲烷化催化活性。对La_2O_3在γ-Al_2O_3表面作密置单层分散的模型提出了新的旁证, 并推断由于La_2O_3在γ-Al_2O_3表面高分散并产生较强相互作用, 使γ-Al_2O_3接近表层晶格发生畸变。 相似文献
905.
The molecular structure and conformation of 2,3-dichloro-1-propene have been determined by gas-phase electron diffraction at nozzle temperatures of 24, 90 and 273°C. The molecules exist as a mixture of two conformers with the chlorine atoms anti (torsion angle ∠φ = 0°) or gauche (∠φ = 109°) to each other and with the anti form the more stable. The composition (mole fraction) of the vapor with uncertainties estimated at 2σ was found to be 0.55 (0.08), 0.49 (0.08) and 0.41 (0.10) at 24, 90 and 273°, respectively. These values correspond to an energy difference with estimated standard deviation ΔE° = E°g-E°a = 0.7 ± 0.3 kcal mol?1 and an entropy difference ΔS° = S°g-S°a = 0.6 ± 0.9 cal mol?1 K?1. Some of the diffraction results, together with spectroscopic observations, permit the evaluation of an approximate torsional potential function of the form 2V = V1 (1 - cos φ) + V2 (1 - cos 2φ) + V3 (1 - cos 3φ); the results are V1 = 4.4 ± 0.5, V2 = ?2.9 ± 0.5 and V3 = 4.8 ± 0.2, all in kcal mol?1. The results at 24°C for the distance (ra) and angle (∠α) parameters, with estimated uncertainties of 2σ, are: r(Csp2-H) = 1.098(0.020)Å, r(Csp3-H) = 1.103(0.020)Å, r(CC) = 1.334(0.009)Å, r(C-C) = 1.504(0.013)Å, r(Csp2-Cl) = 1.752(0.021)Å, r(Csp3-Cl) = 1.776(0.020)Å, ∠C-CC = 127.6(1.1)°, ∠Csp3-Csp2-Cl = 110.2(1.0), ∠Csp2-Csp3-Cl = 113.1(1.2)°, ∠H-Csp3-H = 109.5° (assumed), ∠CC-H = 120.0° (assumed) and ∠φ = 108.9(3.4)°. 相似文献
906.
Xingang Kong Jiarui Zhang Jianfeng Huang Jiayin Li Yi Qin Ting Zhao Qi Feng 《中国化学快报》2019,30(3):771-774
SnNb2O6 and Sn2Nb2O7 nanosheets were synthetized via microwave assisted hydrothermal method, and innovatively employed as anode materials for lithium-ion battery. Compared with Sn2Nb2O7 and the previously reported pure Sn-based anode materials, the SnNb2O6 electrode exhibited outstanding cycling performance. 相似文献
907.
Chao Chen Yu-Lin Yang Kun-Lin Huang Zhen-Hua Sun Wei Wang Zhuo Yi Yun-Ling Liu Wen-Qin Pang 《Polyhedron》2004,23(18):3033-3042
With a hydrothermal technique, a layered titanium phosphate with the formula Ti2(H2PO4)(HPO4)(PO4)2 · 0.5C6N2H16 (denoted TP-J2) has been prepared by treating the Ti/H3PO4/H2O/1-methylpiperazine system directly. The as-synthesized products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, CP-MAS solid-state 31P NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses (TG-DTA). The structure was solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and it presents an extended γ-phase intercalated with organic amine. Crystal data: triclinic, , a = 8.106 (2) Å, b = 8.197 (2) Å, c = 11.658 (2) Å. = 78.32 (3)°, β = 80.85 (3)°, γ = 77.90 (3)°, Z = 2. Additionally, the intercalation behavior of TP-J2 with n-alkyl monoamine (n = 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12) was investigated. Owing to the strong brønsted base, N,N′-dimethylpiperazine, resides in the interlayer, it presented unusual features of TP-J2 in contrast with that of γ-Tip. 相似文献
908.
A novel solvent-relief-self-seeding (SRSS) process was applied to grow bulk polygonal tubular single crystals of Sb(2)E(3) (E = S, Se), using SbCl(3) and chalcogen elements E (E = S, Se) as the raw materials at 180 degrees C for 7 days in ethanol solution. The products were characterized by various techniques, including X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), transmission electronic microscope (TEM), electronic diffraction (ED), and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). The calculated electrical resistivities of the tubular single crystals in the range 20-320 K were of the order of 10(5)-10(6) Omega cm for Sb(2)S(3) and 10(3)-10(4) Omega cm for Sb(2)Se(3), respectively. The studies of the optical properties revealed that the materials formed had a band gap of 1.72 eV for Sb(2)S(3) and 1.82 eV for Sb(2)Se(3), respectively. The optimal reaction conditions for the growth of bulk tubular single crystals were that the temperature was not lower than 180 degrees C and the reaction time was not shorter than 7 days. The possible growth mechanism of tubular crystals was also discussed. 相似文献
909.
离子交换法从发酵液中提取谷氨酰胺工艺研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
本文系统地研究了732树脂和D301树脂对发酵液中谷氨酰胺的静态和动态吸附性能及影响因素,并对洗脱条件进行了研究。实验结果表明,在阳离子交换柱上有效地降低了谷氨酰胺向谷氨酸的转化,在阴离子交换柱上谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸实现彻底分离,谷氨酰胺的总收率达56.6%。 相似文献
910.
Lophenol, cholest-4α-methyl-7-en-3β-ol (1), obtained from Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S. C. Chen, was structurally modified. It was acetylated to protect 3β-hydroxyl group, and then oxidised by selenium dioxide in acetic acid to give cholest-4a-methyl-8-en-3β, Ta-diol diacetate (3). This compound 3 is unstable in chloroform solution or when heated and easily converted to a diene compound, cholest-4a-methyl-7,14-dien-3β-ol acetate (4). The structures of 3 and 4 were elucidated by means of IR, ^1H NMR, ^13C NMR and MS, and the absolute configuration of 3 was established by X-ray crystallography. The property of 3 was also discussed in this paper. Both 3 and 4 are new compounds and were reported for the first time. 相似文献