导波法测量吸收薄膜的复介电系数和厚度

具有吸收特性的波导薄膜,其衰减全反射（ＡＴＲ）峰的位置和形状包含了薄膜诸多特征多数的信息,在同时考虑棱镜的耦合和材料的吸收的基础上,本文用一阶微扰理论推导了微扰传播常数的解析公式,并且介绍了通过分析薄膜的衰减全反射峰来计算吸收薄膜的复介电系数和厚度的方法。     

Rellich type inequalities related to Grushin type operator and Greiner type operator

We prove some sharp Hardy inequality associated with the gradient ? _?? = (? _x ,|x| ^?? ? _y ) by a direct and simple approach. Moreover, similar method is applied to obtain some weighted sharp Rellich inequality related to the Grushin operator in the setting of L ^p . We also get some weighted Hardy and Rellich type inequalities related to a class of Greiner type operators.     

低损耗有机聚合物光波导的制备及其数字化测量技术

介绍了低损耗有机聚合物光波导的制备工艺, 并采用 Ｃ Ｃ Ｄ 摄像法对波导的传输损耗进行测量。制备了在 ６３２．８ ｎｍ 波长下传输损耗小于 ０．５ ｄ Ｂ／ｃｍ 的有机聚合物光波导     

硝酸胍的单点滴定法快速分析

报道了以Ｓ－ 十二烷基双硫腙－ 苦味酸为载体制备苦味酸根离子电极, 研究了电极的性能, 并以该电极为指示电极研究了硝酸胍的单点滴定分析, 导出了定量关系式。 以０ ．１００ ０ ｍｏｌ／ Ｌ 标准硝酸胍溶液滴定０ ．１００ ０ ｍｏｌ／Ｌ 苦味酸, 控制滴定至９５ ％ ,１０ 次实验的平均值为０ ．１００ ２ ｍｏｌ／Ｌ, 相对标准偏差为０ ．２４ ％ , 滴定至９０％ ～９５ ％ 相对标准偏差小于０ ．３ ％ 。 用该法进行工业硝酸胍含量分析, 数分钟就能完成, 结果与重量法很好吻合。     

Photo-oxidation of poly(vinyl chloride)

The photo-oxidation of PVC has been studied over the temperature range 30–150°C. Initiation with ultraviolet (2537A) radiation has been correlated with the presence of minute amounts of ozone. The contribution of atomic oxygen and singlet oxygen (¹Δ_g) molecules to the initiation mechanism is discussed. The β-chloroketones probably formed in the photo-oxidation of PVC, decomposed according to a Norrish type I reaction without loss of chlorine atoms. The gaseous products of the photo-oxidation of PVC at 30°C were carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and methane. Hydrogen chloride was obtained only when PVC was heated at high temperatures. When PVC was photo-oxidized and then heated at high temperature, benzene was obtained in addition to hydrogen chloride. The gaseous products from the photo-oxidations of model compounds, such as 4-chloro-2-butanone and 2,4-dichloropentane, were also compared with those from PVC. Hydrogen chloride was detected only after photo-oxidation at temperatures of 25°C or higher. Therefore, it was concluded that hydrogen chloride is mainly a product of thermal decomposition. Since unsaturation was not observed in photo-oxidized PVC films, the cause of discoloration is unclear. When PVC was modified by stabilizers or additives, the oxidative degradation was further complicated by side reactions with the additives.     

Kinetics and mechanisms of halide ion catalysis of CO substitution reactions in Os3(CO)12 and Ru3(CO)12 metal carbonyl clusters

The results of kinetic studies on ligand substitution in [M₃(CO)₁₁X]^– complexes (M = Ru, Os; X = Cl, Br, I) are summarized. The [Os₃(CO)₁₁X]^– complexes react with PPh₃ under mild conditions to initially yield monosubstituted products [Os₃(CO)₁₀(PPh₃)X]^–. The rate of CO substitution obeys a first-order equation with respect to the concentration of the complex and does not depend on the ligand concentration. The rates of the reactions decrease in the order Cl > Br > I withH values increasing from 15 to 18 kcal mol^–1 and S values varying from –19 to –13 cal mol^–1 K^–1. The enhanced reactivities of these complexes as well as the low activation energies and negative activation entropies are discussed in terms of the effects of -X bridge formation on the transition state of the reaction. Reactions of PPN[Ru₃(CO)_11–x (Cl)] (PPN is the bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium cation;x=0, 1) and PPN[Ru₃(CO)₉(₃-I)] with alkynes are also reported. The reactivities of alkynes follow the order BuCCH PhCCH EtCCEt PhCCPh. The higher rates of the reactions of monosubstituted acetylenes compared with those of their disubstituted analogs are explained by agostic interaction between the metal atom and the C-H bond in the reaction transition state and by steric effects. The results obtained attest that the reaction with alkynes occursvia intermediates containing halide bridges and that ₃-halide complexes are more reactive than ₂-halide complexes.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1540–1545, September, 1994.This work was supported by a Presidential Grant from Northwestern University. One of the authors (F. Basolo) wishes to thank Academician M. E. Vol'pin for the invitation to participate in the Workshop The Modern Problems of Organometallic Chemistry (INEOS-94) and Academician O. M. Nefedov for the invitation to publish a review in theRussian Chemical Bulletin.     

冷态德士古气化炉流场与停留时间分布的研究

测定了德士古气化炉的冷态速度分布和停留时间分布。结果表明：德士古气化炉内在轴向２．５～３．０倍直径范围内存在回流，最大回流量为射流量的３．５倍左右；在平均停留时间之前，已有５０％左右的物料逸出炉外。本文指出，德士古气化炉中存在的问题，如结渣、耐火砖寿命短、有效气体成分偏低均与炉内流场有关。     

微乳液介质—1—（2—吡啶偶氮）—2—萘酚光度法测定汽油中环烷酸铁的含量

本研究了微乳液为介质时，铁与１－（２－吡啶偶氮）－２－萘酚（ＰＡＮ）的显色反应。选择７３０ｎｍ处为测定波长，ε为１．４×１０＾４Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－＾１．ｃｍ＾－＾１，铁量在０－５０μｇ／２５ｍｌ范围内符合比耳定律，该法适用于汽油中环烷酸铁的测定。