水中有机磷化合物光解测定的研究

本文利用1000W高压汞灯,研究了水中有机磷化合物的光解反应条件、共存有机物的干扰及光解反应速度等问题。结果表明,在pH=3.0时,以过硫酸钾为光解氧化剂,辐射10分钟,即可使水中有机磷化合物定量分解为磷酸根。可用于水中有机磷的测定,此法简单、快速,对实际水样测定结果的平均回收率为82.5-106％。     

Role of Tryptophan in the Active Site of Plant Esterase: Chemical Modification and Fluorometric Studies

Plant esterase extracted from wheat flour play key roles in the spectrophotometric detection of organophosphorus compounds (OPs) for food safety and human health. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of tryptophan residues in the activity and structure of plant esterase by chemical modification and fluorometric studies. Active site characterization of purified plant esterase showed the involvement of tryptophan in the catalytic activity. Only one was essential for the enzyme activity by the Tsou’s analysis. Substrate protection experiments further confirmed that the tryptophan residue was located at the substrate-binding site. Fluorescence quenching studies elucidated that the tryptophan residues were largely exposed to the solvent, and a smaller fraction of the surface tryptophan residues had electropositively charged amino acids around them. Experimental results obtained here are expected to promote the applications of plant esterase in OPs detection. Further confirmation of the existence of other critical residues and detailed explanation of their functions were also required for the elucidation of the mechanism involved in the detection of OPs.     

Homogeneous catalysis,heterogeneous recycling: a new family of branched molecules with hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon chains for the Friedländer synthesis of quinoline under solvent-free conditions

A new family of branched catalysts with hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon chains was used to catalyze Friedländer reaction between 2-aminoarylketones and α-methylene ketones under solvent-free conditions in good to excellent yields. The catalysts exhibit temperature-dependent solubility and such a thermomorphic character allows them to be recovered by filtration conveniently at room temperature and reused at least five times. To some extent, the branched catalysts with hydrocarbon chains are superior to those with fluorocarbon chains, as they are cheaper and more biodegradable.     

Stacking‐Induced Diamagnetic/Paramagnetic Conversion of Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridin‐2(3 H)‐one Derivatives: Near‐Infrared Absorption and Magnetic Properties in the Solid State

Herein, we present three imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridin‐2(3 H)‐one derivatives that are diamagnetic in solution, but paramagnetic in the solid state, possibly owing to a stacking‐induced formation of phenoxide‐type radicals. Notably, a larger bathochromic shift of the absorption (even up to the near‐ infrared region) of these three compounds was observed in the solid state than in solution, which was attributable to the ordered columnar stacking arrangements or their single‐electron character as radicals in the solid state. Interestingly, compared to that in solution, (E)‐3‐(pyridin‐4′‐ylmethylene)imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine 2(3 H)‐one displayed a largely red‐shifted emission (centered at 660 nm, with tailing above 800 nm) in the solid state. A larger bathochromic shift (260 nm) of the emission is an indication of better order and tight stacking in the solid state, which is brought about by the rigid and polar acceptor. These three compounds also reveal different magnetic susceptibilities at 300 K, thus implying that they possess various columnar stacking structures. Most interestingly, these three radicals exhibit unusual ferromagnetic‐to‐antiferromagnetic phase transitions, which can be attributed to anisotropic contraction and non‐uniform slippage of the columnar stacking chains.     

一种利用质谱信息进行结构特征鉴定的模式识别方法

本文提出了分段式离子系列谱编码方法,实验证明具有很好的结构表征能力。本程序主要是以模式识别技术为基础,实现了对未知物谱图的KNN分类,进而得到未知物的主要结构特征。这个程序应用于有机化合物的分类,取得了满意的结果。     

铈锌液流电池的研究进展

铈锌氧化还原液流电池与其它液流电池相比,具有电压高、原材料资源丰富和价格便宜等优点,在储能方面具有很大的应用发展潜力。 本文总结了铈锌液流电池的研究进展,特别是对电解液的发展进行了重点总结,并指出了今后铈锌液流电池研究的发展方向。     

Potential-dependent adsorption and transfer of poly(diallyldialkylammonium) ions at the nitrobenzene|water interface

Electrochemically driven adsorption and partition of a series of poly(diallyldialkylammonium) ions (PDADAA(+): alkyl = methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl) at the nitrobenzene (NB)|water (W) interface have been studied using voltammetry and electrocapillary measurements. When the phase-boundary potential, Δφ, that is, the inner potential of the W phase referred to that of the NB phase, is negative, poly(diallyldimethylammonium) (PDADMA(+)) shows little surface activity. The scanning of Δφ in the positive direction induces, first, the adsorption of PDADMA(+) at the interface and, then, the desorption of adsorbed PDADMA(+) ions into the NB phase, followed by the diffusion-limited transfer of PDADMA(+) from W to NB. The elongation of the dialkyl chains gives the stronger surface activity of PDADAA(+) even when Δφ < 0. The PDADAA(+) polyions studied are only slightly more hydrophilic than the corresponding monomers. However, the polycationic character of PDADAA(+) renders the adsorption, desorption, and ion transfer strongly dependent on Δφ and gives rise to unusual, M-shaped electrocapillary curves. The interplay of adsorption-desorption and ion transfer of PDADAA(+) ions induces the electrochemical instability of the interface and the emulsion formation on the NB side of the interface.     

苄基三甲基三溴化铵作用下合成6-溴代喹啉类化合物

在苄基三甲基三溴化铵作用下,以2-氨基二苯甲酮、α-亚甲基羰基化合物为原料,以CH3CN为溶剂,在室温条件下,高收率地实现了一系列6-溴代喹啉类化合物的合成.产物结构经1HNMR,13CNMR,元素分析等进行了表征.     

强碱性阴离子交换树脂催化菜籽油酯交换反应合成脂肪酸甲酯

以强碱性阴离子交换树脂作为催化剂,催化菜籽油与甲醇酯交换反应制备脂肪酸甲酯(FAME)。结果表明,产品收率随着醇油比增大而提高,当醇油比(V/V)达到7.21后,收率增加逐渐变慢;在树脂最高使用温度以下,反应温度越高,产品收率越高;产品收率随催化时间增长而提高,但提高速度逐渐趋缓;催化剂活性稳定,利用再生树脂连续催化28.7h,未见活性下降。常压下,醇油比4.54,60℃下反应54.7min,FAME产品收率达96.80%。