全文获取类型
收费全文 | 87560篇 |
免费 | 12903篇 |
国内免费 | 8897篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 59139篇 |
晶体学 | 872篇 |
力学 | 5750篇 |
综合类 | 680篇 |
数学 | 10396篇 |
物理学 | 32523篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 286篇 |
2023年 | 1719篇 |
2022年 | 2951篇 |
2021年 | 3072篇 |
2020年 | 3261篇 |
2019年 | 3211篇 |
2018年 | 2847篇 |
2017年 | 2581篇 |
2016年 | 3878篇 |
2015年 | 3975篇 |
2014年 | 4692篇 |
2013年 | 6150篇 |
2012年 | 7456篇 |
2011年 | 7558篇 |
2010年 | 5136篇 |
2009年 | 5155篇 |
2008年 | 5427篇 |
2007年 | 4830篇 |
2006年 | 4573篇 |
2005年 | 3926篇 |
2004年 | 3118篇 |
2003年 | 2364篇 |
2002年 | 2186篇 |
2001年 | 1940篇 |
2000年 | 1717篇 |
1999年 | 1886篇 |
1998年 | 1562篇 |
1997年 | 1383篇 |
1996年 | 1436篇 |
1995年 | 1249篇 |
1994年 | 1158篇 |
1993年 | 995篇 |
1992年 | 876篇 |
1991年 | 776篇 |
1990年 | 639篇 |
1989年 | 542篇 |
1988年 | 412篇 |
1987年 | 388篇 |
1986年 | 333篇 |
1985年 | 341篇 |
1984年 | 224篇 |
1983年 | 198篇 |
1982年 | 154篇 |
1981年 | 126篇 |
1980年 | 88篇 |
1979年 | 57篇 |
1978年 | 59篇 |
1977年 | 55篇 |
1975年 | 62篇 |
1973年 | 58篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
991.
The effect of the chemical structure of styrene-based epoxides, namely, styrene epoxide (SE), α-methylstyrene epoxide (MSE), p-methylstyrene epoxide (pM-SE) and α-methyl-p-methylstyrene epoxide (pM-MSE), in conjunction with TiCl4, on the initiation efficiency (Ieff) in the carbocationic polymerization of isobutylene (IB) was investigated. SE yielded living polymerization, but the initiation efficiency was low when compared to MSE (Ieff=8% and 35%, respectively). pM-SE led to non-living IB polymerization, while pM-MSE revealed linear Mn-conversion plot and narrow MWD with a non-linear first order rate plot. Among the epoxides investigated, MSE was the best initiator to scale up the one-step synthesis of polyisobutylenes (PIBs) carrying one primary hydroxyl head group and one tertiary chloride end group. The hydroxyl functionality of these PIBs determined by 1H-NMR was Fn=1.09±0.16 from 24 experiments. 相似文献
992.
聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯—二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵)的合成及表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以水和乙醇作混合溶剂,用逐步滴加甲基丙烯酸甲酯的方法,通过自由基聚合,由溶解性和共聚活性差异较大的两种单体MMA和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵合成了新型含阳离子共聚物聚,并用IR和^1H-NMR进行了分析表征。该共聚物溶于丙酮和水组成的二元溶剂,并与P(MMA-MAA)有较强的分子复合能力。 相似文献
993.
Holliday JD Rodgers SL Willett P Chen MY Mahfouf M Lawson K Mullier G 《Journal of chemical information and computer sciences》2004,44(3):894-902
This paper evaluates the use of the fuzzy k-means clustering method for the clustering of files of 2D chemical structures. Simulated property prediction experiments with the Starlist file of logP values demonstrate that use of the fuzzy k-means method can, in some cases, yield results that are superior to those obtained with the conventional k-means method and with Ward's clustering method. Clustering of several small sets of agrochemical compounds demonstrate the ability of the fuzzy k-means method to highlight multicluster membership and to identify outlier compounds, although the former can be difficult to interpret in some cases. 相似文献
994.
In this paper, we studied polyetheneglycol (PEG) pretreatment effect on the mature embryo culture in vitro by using barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seeds. Meanwhile, we analyzed and assayed its mineral element and endogenous hormone level. The experimental results were as follows: (1) PEG-6000 imbibition could obviously slow down the water timecourse absorbed by barley seeds; (2) 10% PEG-6000 treatment of barley seeds for 3 h had a positive effect on germination in vitro and callus induction of the barley seed mature embryos; (3) 10% PEG-6000 treatment inhibited soluble leakage from the seeds; (4) N leakage was mainly from the endosperms, Mn2+ leakage from embryos; (5) PEG-6000 treatment changed greatly the hormone level (ABA, IAA, GAs), which influenced the percentage of plantlets from the mature embryo callus. The results can provide some clues to scientific sowing of crop seeds, pretreatment for the purpose of uniform seedlings, and the explant response quality in plant tissue culture. 相似文献
995.
A host supramolecular structure consisting of bis-(2,2':6',2' '-terpyridine)-4'-oxyhexadecane (BT-O-C16) is shown to respond to guest molecules in dramatic ways, as observed by using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface under ambient conditions. It is observed that small linear molecules can be encapsulated within the host supramolecular lattice. The characteristics of the host structure were nearly unaffected by the encapsulated guest molecules of terphthalic acid (TPA) dimers, whereas appreciable changes in cavity dimension can be observed with azobenzene-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid. The STM study and density functional theory (DFT) analysis reveal that intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction plays an essential role in forming the assembling structures. The difference in guest molecule length is considered the important cause for the different guest-host complexes. 相似文献
996.
An efficient new method to synthesize α-oxy N-acyl aminals and hemiaminals in a single step from readily synthesized N-acyl enamines has been developed using PhI(OAc)2 as the oxidant. The reaction conditions are very mild and the products are obtained in good yields (65-92%). A possible mechanistic pathway is laid out. 相似文献
997.
Four new lignans, 3',4'-O,O-demethylenehinokinin (1), chamalignolide (2), 8'beta-hydroxyhinokinin (3) and 7beta,8beta-epoxyzuonin A (4), as well as (-)-hinokinin (5), and (-)-zuonin A (6), were isolated from the heartwood of Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana. The structures of these lignans were unambiguously determined by spectroscopic methods. And the absolute configuration of 1 was elucidated with a circular dichroism (CD) spectrum. 相似文献
998.
研究了水溶性钌-膦配合物催化肉桂醛选择加氢反应中,相转移剂和表面活性剂对反应转化率和选择性的影响,考察了表面活性剂CTAB(十六烷基三甲溴化铵)浓度以及影响两相界面性质的因素—水相和有机相体积比、有机溶剂的改变等的影响.结果表明,相转移剂可以促进反应进行,其中以季铵盐相转移剂最好;表面活性剂能够显著地加快反应,其中以阳离子表面活性剂的效果最佳,且分子中含有长链烷基者(如CTAB)效果更好,非离子和阴离子表面活性剂的效果较差;对于CTAB,其浓度的增加导致反应速度的明显加快,但CTAB浓度达到1.65×10-2mol/L之后,反应体系乳化严重,反应完成后,两相分离变得困难.而增加水相体积和加入适当的有机溶剂,有利于转化率和选择性的提高. 相似文献
999.
1000.
The oscillator strength has been calculated from a common set of compromised orbitals, instead of sets of the two separately optimized non-orthogonal orbitals for the two states involved in the transition. Inaccuracies of two types arose from the calculations were assessed by investigating simple atomic and molecular systems. 相似文献