典型卫星产品单轴和多轴随机振动试验振动效应对比研究

卫星产品振动试验是一种地面试验,用来考核产品经受实际振动环境的能力。多轴振动试验因其能更真实地模拟振动环境,是动力学环境试验技术的发展趋势之一。传统的单轴振动试验与多轴振动试验在振动效应的差异未有明确结论,这给卫星产品多轴振动试验技术的推广和应用带来了阻力。本文通过选取典型卫星产品用试验的方法从振动响应的角度对单/多轴随机振动的振动效应和不同条件下的多轴随机振动的振动效应进行了比较研究,并对典型卫星产品单/多轴随机振动的振动效应和不同条件下多轴随机振动的振动效应存在的差异进行了总结并得出了相应结论。

     

基于Verilog-A模型的同轴电缆X射线响应电路仿真

针对核爆炸对电子系统中同轴电缆产生的系统电磁脉冲效应数值计算效率低的问题,分析了同轴电缆的在核爆脉冲X射线辐照下的电学行为,建立了同轴电缆的Verilog-A等效模型,并以SPICE模型为基础构建了核爆环境下同轴电缆系统电磁脉冲效应的电路计算模型,该电路模型与传统数值模型相比,计算速率显著提高,同时该模型还可扩展用于同轴电缆两端连接半导体器件及功能电路的电子系统仿真。     

表面绝缘对平面钨丝阵Z箍缩早期过程的影响

在强光一号装置上研究了表面绝缘对平面钨丝阵早期过程的影响。通过对实验结果的唯象分析,发现相对于标准丝阵,表面绝缘丝阵X射线辐射被强烈延迟,并与丝阵宽度有较强的依赖关系,在X射线辐射之前存在较强的阴极发射;表面绝缘丝阵X射线辐射副脉冲幅值是标准丝阵两倍,且存在较长的平台期,其单丝等离子体膨胀导致的温度降低效应比标准丝阵强;在快速内爆开始之前,两者形成了类似的宏观磁流体不稳定性结构。     

混响室频率搅拌方式及其场环境特性分析

从本征模的角度阐明了频率搅拌技术的混响原理,并根据激励信号的频域特征,系统研究了频率搅拌方式下获取实时均匀场与统计均匀场的三种有效实现途径。选取线性扫频这一搅拌方式为主要研究对象,检验了混响室频率搅拌下的最低可用频率、场均匀性与统计特性三项主要技术指标。试验结果表明：线性扫频搅拌方式下,混响室的最低可用频域与机械搅拌方式基本一致;场均匀性满足IEC 61000-4-21标准规定的容差要求;场值波动规律符合理论分布模型。     

管内变密度流体流动与换热的充分发展及解析解

本文提出了圆管内变密度流体流动与换热充分发展的概念和相关假设及其推论.在所提出的概念和假设基础上对理想气体在圆管内的流动与换热进行了解析求解,得到了充分发展时的无量纲速度抛物分布及无量纲温度分布.对圆管内密度随温度变化的氩气的流动与换热数值模拟所获得的无量纲速度分布及无量纲温度分布在入口段后与上述解析解非常吻合,从而验证了在本文的计算条件范围内,圆管内变密度流体充分发展流动与换热的概念及其解析解是合理的.     

不同引发核树枝状大分子的合成

含不同分支官能团树枝状大分子的合成是目前研究的一个热点。文献报道的有两方向引发核、三方向引发核、四方向引发核、六方向引发核等结构新颖的树枝状分子。本文综述了不同引发核及其衍生物在树枝状大分子合成中的应用。     

Facile Synthesis of Porous Ag Crystals as SERS Sensor for Detection of Five Methamphetamine Analogs

Porous noble metal nanomaterials have attracted extensive attention due to their high specific surface area and surface plasmon resonance effect. However, it is difficult to form porous structures due to the high mobility and low reduction potential of noble metal precursors. In this article, we developed a facile method for preparing porous Ag with a controllable structure at room temperature. Two kinds of Ag crystals with different porous structures were successfully prepared by using AgCl cubes as sacrificial templates. Through the galvanic replacement reaction of Zn and AgCl, Ag crystals with a sponge-like porous structure were successfully prepared. Additionally, using NaBH₄ as the reducing agent, we prepared granular porous Ag cubes by optimizing the amount of reducing agent. Both the sponge-like and granular porous Ag cubes have clean and accessible surfaces. In addition, we used the prepared two porous Ag cubes as substrate materials for SERS detection of five kinds of methamphetamine analogs. The experimental results show that the enhancement effect of granular porous Ag is better than that of sponge-like porous Ag. Furthermore, we probed the hot spot distribution of granular porous Ag by Raman mapping. By using granular porous Ag as the substrate material, we have achieved trace detection of 5 kinds of methamphetamine analogs including Ephedrine, Amphetamine, N-Methyl-1-(benzofuran-5-yl)propan-2-amine (5-MAPB), N-Methyl-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-amine (PMMA) and N-Methyl-1-(4-fluorophenyl)propan-2-amine (4-FMA). Furthermore, to achieve qualitative differentiation of analogs with similar structures we performed density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations on the Raman spectra of the above analogs. The DFT calculations provided the vibrational frequencies, Raman activities, and normal mode assignment for each analog, enabling the qualitative differentiation of the above analogs.     

3D Uranyl Organic Frameworks Supported by Rigid Octadentate Carboxylate Ligand: Synthesis,Structure Diversity,and Luminescence Properties

Seven three dimensional (3D) uranyl organic frameworks (UOFs), formulated as [NH₄][(UO₂)₃(HTTDS)(H₂O)] ( 1 ), [(UO₂)₄(HTTDS)₂](HIM)₆ ( 2 , IM=imidazole), [(UO₂)₄(TTDS)(H₂O)₂(Phen)₂] ( 3 , Phen=1,10-phenanthroline), [Zn(H₂O)₄]_0.5[(UO₂)₃(HTTDS)(H₂O)₄] ( 4 ), and {(UO₂)₂[Zn(H₂O)₃]₂(TTDS)} ( 5 ), {Zn(UO₂)₂(H₂O)(Dib)_0.5(HDib)(HTTDS)} ( 6 , Dib=1,4-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene) and [Na]{(UO₂)₄[Cu₃(u₃-OH)(H₂O)₇](TTDS)₂} ( 7 ) have been hydrothermally prepared using a rigid octadentate carboxylate ligand, tetrakis(3,5-dicarboxyphenyl)silicon(H₈TTDS). These UOFs have different 3D self-assembled structures as a function of co-ligands, structure-directing agents and transition metals. The structure of 1 has an infinite ribbon formed by the UO₇ pentagonal bipyramid bridged by carboxylate groups. With further introduction of auxiliary N-donor ligands, different structure of 2 and 3 are formed, in 2 the imidazole serves as space filler, while in 3 the Phen are bound to [UO₂]²⁺ units as co-ligands. The second metal centers were introduced in the syntheses of 4–7 , and in all cases, they are part of the final structures, either as a counterion ( 4 ) or as a component of framework ( 5 − 7 ). Interesting, in 7 , a rare polyoxometalate [Cu₃(μ₃-OH)O₇(O₂CR)₄] cluster was found in the structure. It acts as an inorganic building unit together with the dimer [(UO₂)₂(O₂CR)₄] unit. Those uranyl carboxylates were sufficiently determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction, and their topological structures and luminescence properties were analyzed in detail.     

Planar Tetracoordinate Silicon in Organic Molecules As Carbenoid-Type Amphoteric Centers: A Computational Study

Designing and synthesizing a stable compound with a planar tetracoordinate silicon (ptSi) center is a challenging goal for chemists. Here, a series of potential aromatic ptSi compounds composed of four conjugated rings shared by a centrally embedded Si atom are theoretically designed and computationally verified. Both Born–Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) simulations and potential energy surface scannings verify the high stability and likely existence of these compounds, particularly Si-16-5555 (SiN₄C₈H₈) with 16 π electrons, under standard ambient temperature and pressure. Notably, the Hückel aromaticity rule, which works well for single rings, is inconsistent with the high stability of Si-16-5555 where the 16 p electrons are spread over four five-membered rings fused together. Bonding analyses show that the strong electron donation from the peripheral 12-membered conjugated ring with 16 π electrons to the vacant central atomic orbital Si 3p_z leads to the stabilization for both the ptSi coordination and planar aromaticity. The partial occupation of Si 3p_z results in the peculiar carbenoid-type behaviors for the amphoteric center. By modulating the electron density on the ring with substituent groups, we can regulate the nucleophilic and electrophilic properties of the central Si.     

高功率激光系统nm宽带激光脉冲传输特性

对高功率激光系统采用宽带激光消除菲涅耳衍射问题进行了研究,指出只有数百nm的宽带啁啾光脉冲才对近场衍射有一定的平滑作用,数nm的宽带啁啾光脉冲对近场衍射几乎没有平滑作用;同时,还对宽带啁啾光的B积分表征方式和最快增长频率问题进行了研究,并与原型装置上开展的窄带脉冲、宽带啁啾堆积脉冲的非线性实验结果进行了对比研究,指出以最大B积分或加权B积分反映非线性自聚焦更为准确。研究还表明,在数nm,ns情况下最快增长频率与窄带激光脉冲的差别不大。