Graft‐crosslinked Copolymers Based on Poly(arylene ether ketone)‐gc‐sulfonated Poly(arylene ether sulfone) for PEMFC Applications

Novel poly(arylene ether ketone) polymers with fluorophenyl pendants and phenoxide‐terminated wholly sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) oligomers are prepared via Ni(0)‐catalyzed and nucleophilic polymerization, respectively, and subsequently used as starting materials to obtain graft‐crosslinked membranes as polymer electrolyte membranes. The phenoxide‐terminated sulfonated moieties are introduced as hydrophilic parts as well as crosslinking units. The chemical structure and morphology of the obtained membranes are confirmed by ¹H NMR and tapping‐mode AFM. The properties required for fuel cell applications, including water uptake and dimensional change, as well as proton conductivity, are investigated. AFM results show a clear nanoscale phase‐separation microstructure of the obtained membranes. The membranes show good dimensional stability and reasonably high proton conductivities under 30–90% relative humidity. The anisotropic proton conductivity ratios (σ_⟂/||) of the membranes in water are in the range 0.65–0.92, and increase with an increase in hydrophilic block length. The results indicate that the graft‐crosslinked membranes are promising candidates for applications as polymer electrolyte membranes.

     

Electrochemical properties of Ti-based Quasicrystal and ZrV2 Laves phase alloy composite materials as negative electrode for Ni–MH secondly batteries

The Ti_1.4V_0.6Ni alloy ribbon is prepared by arc melting and subsequent melt-spinning technique. The ZrV₂ alloy is prepared by arc melting and annealing at 1250 k for 80 h. The structure and electrochemical properties of the Ti_1.4V_0.6Ni and their ball-milled composites with annealed ZrV₂ are investigated. Phase structure investigations of the composites show that alloys mainly consist of the icosahedral quasicrystal (I-phase), C14 Laves phase with a hexagonal structure, C15 Laves phase with cubic structure, V-based solid solution phase with BCC structure and face centered cubic (FCC) phase with Ti₂Ni-type structure. The negative electrode made by composite alloys has a maximum discharge capacity of 360.3 mAh/g at a current density of 30 mA/g and a high rate discharge ability of 82.7% at 240 mA/g. The cyclic stability of the negative electrode made of Ti_1.4V_0.6Ni and annealed ZrV₂ composite is higher than that of Ti_1.4V_0.6Ni. The mechanism for the capacity loss of the alloy electrodes during charge and discharge cycling has been studied in this paper.     

1-芳甲酰基-3-[4-((2-氰基亚胺基-1,3-噻唑烷-3-基)甲基)-噻唑-2-基]硫脲的合成及其生物活性研究

为了寻找高活性的杂环农药,将酰基硫脲骨架引入到噻唑分子结构中,设计合成了14个未见文献报道的1-取代苯甲酰基-3-[4-((2-氰基亚胺基-1,3-噻唑烷-3-基)甲基)-噻唑-2-基]硫脲类化合物.采用核磁共振氢谱和元素分析确认了新化合物的结构.初步的生物活性测试结果表明,部分标题化合物显示出一定的杀菌、植物生长调节或除草活性.     

Chiral separation of four fluoroquinolone compounds using capillary electrophoresis with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin as chiral selector

A capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) investigation on the enantiomeric separation of lomefloxacin, gatifloxacin, pazufloxacin and ofloxacin was undertaken. Resolution of the enantiomers was achieved using hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) as the chiral selector. Parameters influencing separation include cyclodextrin concentration, separational potential, pH and organic additive are discussed. A buffer consisting of 70 mM phosphate and 40 mM HP-beta-CD at pH 3.96 was found to be highly efficient for the separation of lomefloxacin, at pH 3.90 for gatifloxacin, at pH 5.04 for pazufloxacin and at pH 2.16 for ofloxacin. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the enantiomeric resolution of lomefloxacin and gatifloxacin applying CE.     

2/3-取代硫基-5-邻羟基苯基唑类化合物的合成及抑菌活性

根据生物活性叠加原理,将"邻羟基苯基"和"唑类杂环"分子片断合理组合,设计合成了三个系列12种新型2/3-取代硫基-5-邻羟基苯基唑类化合物5a～7d.水杨酸甲酯在乙醇中与水合肼反应生成水杨酰肼,水杨酰肼与二硫化碳或硫氰酸铵和盐酸反应,生成5-邻羟基苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮(2),5-邻羟基苯基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮(3)和5-邻羟基苯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮(4),最后在碱性条件下与(取代)卤代苯乙酮发生烷基化反应生成目标化合物.目标化合物的结构经1HNMR,IR和元素分析等表征确认.抑菌测试表明,质量浓度为0.01%时,对白色念珠菌、大肠杆菌的抑菌率高达92%以上,具有强抑菌活性;对金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌率高达82%以上,具有较强的抑菌活性;这表明目标化合物对不同菌株具有广谱抑菌活性,是一类极具潜力的抗真菌、抗革兰氏阴性菌化合物.构效分析表明,苯乙酮环上取代基的类型对化合物抑菌活性有重要影响,引入Cl,Br等卤原子,能显著增强化合物的抑菌活性,而引入CH3供电基团,能降低其抑菌活性.     

三齿多吡啶钴(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、表征及其与DNA的相互作用研究

合成了两种三齿多吡啶钴(Ⅱ)配合物[Co(DMPhTPY)2]2+(ClO-4)2(A)和[Co(H2Bzimpy)2]Cl2(B),用元素分析、IR对配合物的组成和结构进行了表征,测定了配合物A的晶体结构.用电子吸收光谱、荧光光谱、循环伏安法及凝胶电泳实验等方法研究了配合物与DNA的相互作用.结果表明配合物A和B与小牛胸腺(CTDNA)的作用属部分插入和静电结合,凝胶电泳实验表明配合物A在310nm光辐射15min,可使超螺旋pBR322DNA断裂为开环缺口型和线型DNA.     

Momentum and heat transfer of the Falkner–Skan flow with algebraic decay: An analytical solution

In this paper, an analytical solution of the Falkner–Skan equation with mass transfer and wall movement is obtained for a special case, namely a velocity power index of ?1/3, with an algebraically decaying velocity profile. The solution is given in a closed form. Under different values of the mass transfer parameter, the wall can be fixed, moving in the same direction as the free stream, or opposite to the free stream (reversal flow near the wall). The thermal boundary layer solution is also presented with a closed form for a prescribed power-law wall temperature, which is expressed by the confluent hypergeometric function of the second kind. The temperature profiles and the wall temperature gradients are plotted. Interesting but complicated variation trends for certain combinations of controlling parameters are observed. Under certain parameter combinations, there exist singular points or poles for the wall temperature gradients, namely wall heat flux. With poles, the temperature profiles can cross the zero temperature line and become negative. From the results, it is also found empirically that under certain given values of the Prandtl number (Pr) and flow controlling parameter (b), the number of times for the temperature profiles crossing the zero line is the same as the number of poles when the wall temperature power index varies between zero and a given value n. The current result provides a new analytical solution for the Falkner–Skan equation with algebraic decay and greatly enriches the understanding of this important equation as well as the heat transfer characteristics for this flow.     

Chemical Constituent Analysis of Ranunculus sceleratus L. Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole-Orbitrap High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Ranunculus sceleratus L.(RS) has shown various pharmacological effects in traditional Chinese medicine. In our previous study, the positive therapeutic effect on α-naphthylisothiocyanate induced intrahepatic cholestasis in rats was obtained using TianJiu treatment with fresh RS. However, the chemical profile of RS has not been clearly clarified, which impedes the research progress on the therapeutic effect of RS. Herein, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS) method was developed to rapidly separate and identify multiple constituents in the 80% methanol extract of RS. A total of sixty-nine compounds (19 flavonoids, 22 organic acids, 6 coumarins, 4 lignans, 14 nitrogenous compounds, and 4 anthraquinones) were successfully characterized. A total of 12 of these compounds were unambiguously identified by standard samples. Their mass spectrometric fragmentation pathways were investigated. It is worth noting that flavonoids and lignans were identified for the first time in RS. In this study, we successfully provide the first comprehensive report on identifying major chemical constituents in RS by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. The obtained results enrich the RS chemical profile, paving the way for further phytochemical study, quality control, and pharmacological investigation of RS.     

二次四元数系统正定解的迭代法

二次四元数系统XAX-BX=P是离散型Lyapunov方程正定解反问题的推广形式.本文在四元数体上讨论它的正定解存在性及迭代求解方法.利用等价二次方程的系数矩阵的极大极小特征值,获得其正定解的存在区间,并针对系数矩阵的不同情况构建出三种收敛的迭代格式.同时根据每种迭代的特点,给出了迭代初始矩阵的选取方法.最后通过四元数...     

废旧电池中铜锌锰及氯化铵的分离和利用

为探寻简便有效途径解决废旧电池对环境的污染以及对人体健康危害的问题,在实验中选取常用的锌锰干电池为研究对象,通过酸解、沉淀、氧化还原分别对锌和锰及少量氯化铵进行回收处理,制取七水合硫酸锌和二氧化锰及氯化铵。