Advancements and potentials of molten salt CO2 capture and electrochemical transformation (MSCC-ET) process

Electroreduction of CO₂ in molten salts, also called molten salt carbon capture and electrochemical transformation (MSCC-ET), can convert CO₂ into value-added carbonaceous materials or CO in a comparably high rate with high energy efficiency. It shows a promising potential to contribute to the earth's atmospheric carbon balance, the intermittent renewable energy storage, carbon materials production, and air quality control of the local environment. This short review briefly introduces the principle of the MSCC-ET process, the state-of-the-art of the process, its potential of commercialization in terms of process efficiency, product marketing and economy, and finally, the opportunities and challenges in future research and development.     

A rechargeable molecular solar thermal system below 0 °C

An optimal temperature is crucial for a broad range of applications, from chemical transformations, electronics, and human comfort, to energy production and our whole planet. Photochemical molecular thermal energy storage systems coupled with phase change behavior (MOST-PCMs) offer unique opportunities to capture energy and regulate temperature. Here, we demonstrate how a series of visible-light-responsive azopyrazoles couple MOST and PCMs to provide energy capture and release below 0 °C. The system is charged by blue light at −1 °C, and discharges energy in the form of heat under green light irradiation. High energy density (0.25 MJ kg⁻¹) is realized through co-harvesting visible-light energy and thermal energy from the environment through phase transitions. Coatings on glass with photo-controlled transparency are prepared as a demonstration of thermal regulation. The temperature difference between the coatings and the ice cold surroundings is up to 22.7 °C during the discharging process. This study illustrates molecular design principles that pave the way for MOST-PCMs that can store natural sunlight energy and ambient heat over a wide temperature range.

We demonstrate rationally designed arylazopyrazoles as MOST-PCM that can be circularly charged and discharged below 0 °C with visible light.     

A Bis(methylpiperazinylstyryl)phenanthroline as a Fluorescent Ligand for G‐Quadruplexes

G‐quadruplex (G4)‐forming sequences are prevalent in the genome and are considered to play important roles in gene regulation, and hence have been viewed as potential therapeutic targets in oncology. However, the structures and functions of most G4s in the genome are poorly understood. Therefore, the development of fluorescent probes and ligands for G4s is important for G4 research and drug discovery. Herein, we report a new G4 ligand, 2,9‐bis[4‐(4‐methylpiperazin‐1‐yl)styryl]‐1,10‐phenanthroline (BMSP), which was synthesized by a simple process. BMSP exhibits almost no fluorescence in aqueous buffer. The interaction of BMSP with G4s greatly enhances its fluorescence with a large Stokes’ shift of 160 nm. Antiparallel human telomeric G4s exhibit the strongest binding affinity (K_d≈0.13 μm ) to BMSP and induce a fluorescence enhancement of up to 150‐fold. BMSP binds to G4s through π–π stacking on the terminal G‐quartets. BMSP can enter live cells, and it strongly inhibits the growth of cancer cells rather than causing cell death. Our results suggest that BMSP has the potential to serve both as a fluorescent probe for some G4s and as a chemotherapeutic agent for cancer treatment.     

十次对称准晶中直位错的弹性位移场

根据作者提出的准晶中缺陷的弹性模型,导出了三维空间的十次准晶中的直位错引起的弹性位移场的表达式。     

介质平面波导TE0模衍射场的光束参量

对于傍轴光束，提出了介质平面波导衍射场的近场模场半宽度、远场发散角半宽度和光束传输因子M^2等光束参量之间满足简单的关系式，三个光束参量均可直接由波导模式场分布精确计算，或由可实际精确测量的远场衍射频谱分布精确计算。M^2因子的计算公式可表述为以二阶矩和微分算子定义的近场模场半宽度的比值，或以二阶矩和微分算子定义的远场发散角半宽度的比值。最后推导出介质平面波导TE0模衍射场光束参量的解析函数和光束参量的范围。     

Screening of inhibitors for influenza A virus using high-performance affinity chromatography and combinatorial peptide libraries

The affinity inhibitor of fusion peptide of influenza A virus has been studied using a combination of high-performance affinity chromatography (HPAC) and combinatorial peptide libraries. Fusion peptide (FP) (1-11) of influenza A virus was used as the affinity ligand and immobilized onto the poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) beads. Positional scanning peptide libraries based on antisense peptide strategy and extended peptide libraries were designed and synthesized. The screening was carried out at acidic pH (5.5) in order to imitate the environment of virus fusion. A hendecapeptide FHRKKGRGKHK was identified to have a strong affinity to the FP (1-11). The dissociation constant of the complex of the hendecapeptide and the FP (1-11) is 3.10 x 10(-6) mol l(-1) in a physiological buffer condition. The polypeptide has a fairly inhibitory effect on three different strains of influenza A virus H1N1 subtype.     

氮杂冠醚聚硅氧烷固定液的色谱保留机理

氨杂冠醚聚硅氧烷是一类呈中等极性的新颖气相色谱固定液．本文通过测定醇、酯、卤代烃和苯系列化合物的色谱保留值和相应势力学参数，研究它对上述不同化合物的保留机理及其分子识别的热力学性质     

The reaction of thio acids with azides: a new mechanism and new synthetic applications

A new amide synthesis strategy based on a fundamental mechanistic revision of the reaction of thio acids and organic azides is presented. The data demonstrate that amines are not formed as intermediates in this reaction. Alternative mechanisms proceeding through a thiatriazoline intermediate are suggested. The reaction has been applied to the preparation of simple and architecturally complex amides that are difficult to access using conventional methods. The reaction is chemoselective, effective for unprotected substrates, and compatible with aprotic and protic solvents, including water.     

Effect of Calcium Oxide Additive on Sorbent for High-Temperature the Performance of Iron Oxide Coal Gas Desulfurization

The effect of calcium oxide additive in iron oxide sorbent for hot gas desulfurization was investigated by XRD and TPR techniques. XRD characterization showed that CaO was highly dispersed after the calcination of sorbents. Calcium sulfate formed in the desulfurization was decomposed and regenerated to CaO by reacting with CO before the next sulfidation process. Calcium participated in every sulfidation/regeneration cycle and contributed to the enhancement of sulfur capacity. The TPR results showed that the reduction temperature of the sorbent increased with the increase of the content of calcium. Calcium played a role of retarding reduction. Therefore, the addition of calcium oxide additive will benefit the utilization of iron oxide sorbent in strongly reducing atmospheres.