白藜芦醇探针同步荧光法测定蛋白质含量

在Tris-HCl缓冲溶液体系中(pH=7.4),白藜芦醇与人血清白蛋白相互作用,对蛋白的内源性荧光产生猝灭作用,而且,同步荧光的强度与人血清白蛋白的浓度成正比。 基于此,建立了以白藜芦醇为荧光探针,运用固定波长同步荧光光谱法测定生物样品中蛋白质含量的新方法。 体系同步荧光光谱特征及强度受Δλ、反应介质和离子强度等因素的影响。 在最佳实验条件下,体系的同步荧光强度(I)与人血清白蛋白在1.380~276.0 mg/L的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限为1.037 mg/L(n=11)。 对血清、尿样和唾液等生物样品进行测定,回收率在93.5%~105.8%之间,与传统的考马斯亮蓝(G-250)法作对照,结果一致。     

Preparation of Hybrid Nanocapsules

Hybrid nanoparticles with a polystyrene core and a hybrid copolymer shell were used to produce hybrid nanocapsules by dissolving the polystyrene core from the previously elaborated core-shell particles. Following previous works, the core-shell particles were prepared by emulsion polymerization of styrene and subsequent addition of γ-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane (MPS) to produce the shell by copolymerization reaction of MPS with the residual styrene. Core extraction was performed by diluting the core-shell particles in an excess of tetrahydrofuran (THF). Two procedures were investigated to separate the dissolved polymer chains from the nanocapsules. In the first procedure, the polymer was isolated by successive centrifugation and redispersion in THF, whereas in the second procedure, the free polymer chains were removed by dialysis. The polymer molecular weight was optimized in order to promote dissolution of the polymer chains and allow them to diffuse through the shell.     

2-IPMA Ameliorates PM2.5-Induced Inflammation by Promoting Primary Ciliogenesis in RPE Cells

Primary cilia mediate the interactions between cells and external stresses. Thus, dysregulation of primary cilia is implicated in various ciliopathies, e.g., degeneration of the retina caused by dysregulation of the photoreceptor primary cilium. Particulate matter (PM) can cause epithelium injury and endothelial dysfunction by increasing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Previously, we showed that PM disrupts the formation of primary cilia in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. In the present study, we identified 2-isopropylmalic acid (2-IPMA) as a novel inducer of primary ciliogenesis from a metabolite library screening. Both ciliated cells and primary cilium length were increased in 2-IPMA-treated RPE cells. Notably, 2-IPMA strongly promoted primary ciliogenesis and restored PM2.5-induced dysgenesis of primary cilia in RPE cells. Both excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and activation of a stress kinase, JNK, by PM2.5 were reduced by 2-IPMA. Moreover, 2-IPMA inhibited proinflammatory cytokine production, i.e., IL-6 and TNF-α, induced by PM2.5 in RPE cells. Taken together, our data suggest that 2-IPMA ameliorates PM2.5-induced inflammation by promoting primary ciliogenesis in RPE cells.     

多核环境下潮汐分析辅助软件并行绘制技术研究

为方便科研人员使用Baytap-G潮汐分析软件,基于C#.NET程序设计语言设计了一套潮汐分析辅助软件,实现了Baytap-G软件的封装,完成了输入数据格式的自动转换、输出数据的自动提取,以及水位、振幅、相位数据的可视化展示;在介绍C#.NET语言中任务(TASK)并行编程模型的基础上,详细讨论了绘制振幅、相位图任务分解、并行化程序设计考虑及其实现;实验结果表明,合理设计并行程序可以充分利用多核计算机的计算资源,提升程序运行效率,但是过多的任务数、不均匀的工作负载通常会影响并行程序的效率。     

利用三维荧光结合平行因子算法研究金属离子对溶解性有机物的猝灭和校正

溶解性有机物的荧光组份由于受到金属离子的影响其荧光强度受到变化,从而为溶解性有机物的定量分析带来挑战。利用三维荧光结合平行因子分析方法研究了Cu(Ⅱ), Fe(Ⅲ), Ni(Ⅱ), Sr(Ⅱ), Hg(Ⅱ), K(Ⅰ), Mg(Ⅱ) 和Mn(Ⅱ)八个金属离子对典型溶解性有机物荧光组分的荧光猝灭作用,五个水样来源各不相同。实验表明水样被平行因子成功分解为三个荧光组分(色氨酸、腐殖酸、富里酸),这三个荧光组份的荧光得分随着Fe(Ⅲ), Cu(Ⅱ), Hg (Ⅱ)和 Ni(Ⅱ)浓度的增加呈线性或指数下降。在这四种离子中,Fe(Ⅲ)和Cu(Ⅱ)对腐殖酸和富里酸的荧光猝灭作用明显大于Hg (Ⅱ)和 Ni(Ⅱ)。Sr(Ⅱ), K(Ⅰ), Mg(Ⅱ)和Mn(Ⅱ)基本没有影响。其中Fe(Ⅲ)对于三个荧光组分的荧光猝灭都有较好的分析。由于只考虑Fe(Ⅲ) 和Cu(Ⅱ)的影响,对于含有金属离子的饮用水的荧光强度的校正曲线也被建立。不同来源的饮用水中荧光组份的荧光得分的衰减规律也是不一样的,因此水样的来源也是测量时需要考虑的因素。实验证实了金属离子对溶解性有机物的荧光猝灭作用以及其他因素比如Fe(Ⅲ) 和Cu(Ⅱ)和溶解性有机物本身的多样性都是我们荧光测量典型荧光组份时需要考虑的。表明三维荧光结合平行因子分析方法是一个有效的准确测量溶解性有机物荧光组份的工具。     

Tomographic PIV investigation on coherent vortex structures over shark-skin-inspired drag-reducing riblets

Nature has shown us that the microstructure of the skin of fast-swimming sharks in the ocean can reduce the skin friction drag due to the well-known shark-skin effect.In the present study,the effect of shark-skin-inspired riblets on coherent vortex structures in a turbulent boundary layer(TBL) is investigated.This is done by means of tomographic particle image velocimetry(TPIV) measurements in channel fl ws over an acrylic plate of drag-reducing riblets at a friction Reynolds number of 190.The turbulent fl ws over drag-reducing riblets are verifie by a planar time-resolved particle image velocimetry(TRPIV) system initially,and then the TPIV measurements are performed.Two-dimensional(2D) experimental results with a dragreduction rate of around 4.81% are clearly visible over triangle riblets with a peak-to-peak spacing s+of 14,indicating from the drag-reducing performance that the buffer layer within the TBL has thickened;the logarithmic law region has shifted upward and the Reynolds shear stress decreased.A comparison of the spatial topological distributions of the spanwise vorticity of coherent vortex structures extracted at different wall-normal heights through the improved quadrant splitting method shows that riblets weaken the amplitudesof the spanwise vorticity when ejection(Q2) and sweep(Q4) events occur at the near wall,having the greatest effect on Q4 events in particular.The so-called quadrupole statistical model for coherent structures in the whole TBL is verified Meanwhile,their spatial conditional-averaged topological shapes and the spatial scales of quadrupole coherent vortex structures as a whole in the overlying turbulent fl w over riblets are changed,suggesting that the riblets dampen the momentum and energy exchange between the regions of near-wall and outer portion of the TBL by depressing the bursting events(Q2 and Q4),thereby reducing the skin friction drag.     

Layer-by-layer functionalized porous Zinc sulfide nanospheres-based solid-phase extraction combined with liquid chromatography time-of-flight/mass and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the specific enrichment and identification of alkaloids from Crinum asiaticum var. sinicum

The current widely utilized polymer or C8, C18 end-capped material-based sorbents for solid-phase extraction could not capture alkaloids well only based on “like dissolves like” principle. In this paper, a layer-by-layer functionalized porous Zinc sulfide nanospheres-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with liquid chromatography time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (LC-TOF/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed for the specific enrichment and identification of alkaloids from complex matrixes, Crinum asiaticum var. sinicum crude extracts. The functionalized porous Zinc sulfide nanospheres were prepared by the amidation reaction of poly-(acrylic acid) (PAA) homopolymer with amino groups onto the porous ZnS nanospheres. Tandem LC-TOF/MS spectrometry presented that the almost all of the twenty-three main peaks in elution fraction from the SPE could be inferred as alkaloids with ion of mass according to the nitrogen rule and hit formula with Peak View1.2@software from AB SCIEX, and seven alkaloids including two new found chemical entities were directly identified from their GC-MS spectra and retention indices. We believe that this SPE protocol can also be utilized in the future to selectively enrich alkaloids from extracts of other plant species.     

两个基于4-(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑)苯甲酸的4d-4f异核配位聚合物的合成、结构及荧光性质

以4-(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑)苯甲酸(Htbc)为配体,采用水热法合成了两种新型4d-4f配位聚合物{[EuAg(tbc)₃(H₂O)]ClO₄·H₂O}_n(1)和{[Eu₂Ag₃(tbc)₆(NO₃)₂(H₂O)₂](ClO₄)₂·2H₂O}_n(2)。运用X射线单晶衍射法对该配位聚合物进行了结构测定,并对其进行了元素分析、红外光谱、PXRD及荧光光谱表征。单晶结构表明,配位聚合物1为正交晶系,空间群P2₁2₁2₁,由一维三股螺旋链(其中2股右手螺旋和1股左手螺旋)通过Ag将其连成二维平面。配位聚合物2属于三斜晶系,空间群为P1,由内消旋一维两股螺旋链通过Ag将其连成二维平面。配位聚合物1和2的二维链结构均通过非共价键作用形成三维超分子, 同时也表征了配位聚合物1和2的荧光性质。     

对无功功率物理意义的讨论

有功功率和无功功率是电工理论中非常重要的基本概念,有功功率物理意义明确,是瞬时功率在一个周期内的平均值,而无功功率概念模糊,正弦稳态电路中,一端口网络无功功率的值为端口电压有效值与电流有效值及电压与电流相位差的正弦函数三者的乘积,即Q=UIsinφ,有的教材将无功功率解释为网络内部与外部电源能量交换的最大规模,本文通过纯电阻、纯电感和纯电容电路,以及对RL与C并联电路的分析,证实对无功功率的这种解释是有歧义的.     

Analysis and experiment of a vibration isolator using a novel magnetic spring with negative stiffness

The vibration isolator using a novel magnetic spring with negative stiffness (MS-NS) is proposed in this paper. The proposed isolator which combines a positive stiffness spring with the MS-NS in parallel possesses the characteristic of high-static–low-dynamic stiffness. The MS-NS is composed of three cuboidal magnets configured in repulsive interaction. An analytical expression of the stiffness of the MS-NS is derived by using the magnetic charge model, and the approximation to the exact analytical expression is sought. Then, the nonlinearity of the stiffness is analyzed, and it is shown that the MS-NS is approximately linear for small oscillations. In order to validate the correctness and effectiveness of the MS-NS, the vibration transmissibility of the proposed isolator with and without the MS-NS is measured. The experimental results demonstrate that combining a vibration isolator with the MS-NS in parallel can lower the natural frequency of the isolator; and the analytical calculations and experimental results show a good consistency.