Collective bounce-off phenomenon in139La+Ag(Br) reaction at 1.1 A GeV energy

Out of a total statistics of 896¹³⁹La+Ag(Br) interactions, 128 interactions having multiplicity of target fragments (Z⩾1)⩾8 and projectile fragments (Z⩾2)⩾4 have been selected. They correspond to quasi-peripheral interactions. Azimuthal angle correlation between sources of target fragments (TFs) and projectile fragments (PFs) shows the existence of bounce-off effect. Using data of La+Ag(Br) and⁸⁴Kr+Ag(Br) reactions it is shown that individual helium [Z=2, PFs] and heavier fragment [Z⩾3, PFs] show different emission characteristics. Further, a two prong correlation functionT(Φ _ij ) plotted for heavier fragments and helium fragments separately, indicates the possibility of existence of different physical conditions. This observation is supported by the different momentum widths of helium fragments and heavier fragments. From the momentum width data of Kr+Ag(Br) reactions normalized density comes out to be ≈4.7. Using quasi-elastic kinematics for the bounce-off nuclei, the excitation energy has been computed from the experimental data of flow angles. The strength of bounce-off seems to decrease with the increase of excitation energy or temperature.     

Excess enthalpies of mixing tetrahydrofuran and tetrahydropyran with some chloroalkanes at 26.9°C

Excess enthalpies of mixing H _m ^E of tetrahydrofuran and tetrahydropyran with trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane have been determined at 26.9°C and are found to be negative over the entire composition range for both sets of the ether mixtures. H _m ^E decreases in the sequence; dichloroethane > tetrachloromethane > trichloroethane > trichloromethane > tetrachloroethane. The results are explained on the basis of strong O...H-C and weak Cl...O specific interactions. Flory's theory has been used to correlate the experimental data with good agreement found between the theoretical and experimental values of H _m ^E .     

Working group report: Flavor physics and model building

This is the report of flavor physics and model building working group at WHEPP-9. While activites in flavor physics have been mainly focused on B-physics, those in model building have been primarily devoted to neutrino physics. We present summary of working group discussions carried out during the workshop in the above fields, and also briefly review the progress made in some projects subsequently.     

Bianchi type-V model with a perfect fluid and A-term

A self-consistent system of gravitational field with a binary mixture of perfect fluid and dark energy given by a cosmological constant has been considered in Bianchi Type-V universe. The perfect fluid is chosen to be obeying either the equation of state p=γρ with γ ε |0,1| or a van der Waals equation of state. The role of A-term in the evolution of the Bianchi Type-V universe has been studied.     

Mössbauer hyperfine interactions in natural wolframites

Powdered samples of Indian Natural Wolframites, (Fe_xMn_1?x) WO₄ with x=0.95 to 0.41, obtained from seven different locations of two quartz-wolframite deposits of Degana and Sirohi in Rajasthan, have been investigated by Mössbauer spectroscopy down to 20K and magnetic susceptibility down to 77K. The Mössbauer spectra from 300K to 30K clearly indicate multiple sites which is at variance with the reported work. Below 50K a weak magnetic interaction with H_int～45Koe is observed. The spectra above transition temperature are resolved in three doublets and explained on the basis of reported crystal structure. The values of isomer shift, quadrupole splitting and magnetic hyperfine field have been attributed to high spin ferrous ions with octahedral symmetry. Relatively small value of Q.S. (～1.5 mm/sec. at 300K) indicate a strong contribution of the lattice term to the electric field gradient.     

A highly selective and sensitive thorium(IV) PVC membrane electrode based on a dithio-tetraaza macrocyclic compound.

A poly(vinyl chloride)-based membrane composed of dithio-tetraaza macrocyclic compound as a neutral carrier with sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) as an anion excluder and nitrobenzene (NB) as plasticizer was prepared and investigated as a Th(IV)-selective electrode. The electrode exhibits a Nernstian slope of 14.2 +/- 0.3 mV per decade over a wide concentration range (1.0 x 10(-6) to 1.0 x 10(-1) M) with a detection limit of 8.0 x 10(-7) M between pH 3.5 and 9.5. The response time of the sensor is about 10 s and it can be used over a period of 5 months without any divergence in potential. The proposed membrane sensor revealed a good selectivity for Th(IV) over a wide variety of other metal ions and proved to be a better electrode in many respects than those reported in the literature. It was successfully applied as an electrode indicator as well as in the direct determination of thorium ions in standard and real samples.     

Determination of the orientation of the electric field gradient at the Cu(1) site from the Mössbauer spectra of textured pellets made of YBa2Cu3O7−δ superconductor

A textured pellet of YBa₂Cu₃O_7?δ was prepared and doped with⁵⁷Co. After subsequent heat treatments the cobalt was found at the two copper sites. The degree of alignment of individual crystallites (about 40%) was determined from the Mössbauer spectrum by using a method developed by the authors [1]. The same method showed that the most characteristic doublet component of such spectra (δ=0.08 mm/s; |ΔE _Q|=1.96 mm/s) is associated with a site, most probably a Cu(1) site, where the EFG is parallel to thec direction of the unit cell. The sign ofV _zz turned out to be negative, giving a negative quadrupole splitting (ΔE _Q=?1.96 mm/s) for that component.     

A high spin isomer in 153Eu

A search for new isomers of nanosecond lifetimes were carried out in ¹⁵³Eu via the ¹⁵⁰Nd(⁷Li,xnγ) reaction. The single particle angular momentum alignment and dynamical moment of inertia estimated from the experimental data indicate a configuration change at rotational energy ħω∼ 0.30 MeV. A decrease of B(E2) values is also observed at the same frequency. An isomeric level is identified at an excitation energy of 3100 keV (J^π=35/2⁻) which corresponds to this frequency. The lifetime of the level is found to be 8.6 ± 1.3 nanosecond. Received: 22 April 1997 / Revised version: 26 September 1997