Investigation of structural,magneto‐electronic,and thermoelectric response of ductile SnAlO3 from high‐throughput DFT calculations

Successfully optimized calculations for the stability of SnAlO₃ perovskite in its paramagnetic phase and various structural parameters have been figured out in this study. Structural stability and ductile character is reflected from the calculated elastic constants and mechanical properties. Moreover, the melting temperature of the present material has also been calculated. We have discussed in detail, the ground state electronic band structure and paramagnetic character. In addition, the Boltzmann's transport theory has been employed to obtain the Seebeck, electrical and thermal conductivity coefficients so as to manifest the thermoelectric response of the material. Remarkably, the observed high electrical conductivity in inclusion of metallicity and paramagnetic nature is a characteristic of perovskite type electrode materials. The above discussed material properties suggest the possible application of this compound as an efficient electrode material.     

Hepatoprotective Effects of Bioflavonoid Luteolin Using Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System

Luteolin (LUT) is a natural pharmaceutical compound that is weakly water soluble and has low bioavailability when taken orally. As a result, the goal of this research was to create self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) for LUT in an attempt to improve its in vitro dissolution and hepatoprotective effects, resulting in increased oral bioavailability. Using the aqueous phase titration approach and the creation of pseudo-ternary phase diagrams with Capryol-PGMC (oil phase), Tween-80 (surfactant), and Transcutol-HP (co-emulsifier), various SNEDDS of LUT were generated. SNEDDS were assessed for droplet size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), refractive index (RI), and percent of transmittance (percent T) after undergoing several thermodynamic stability and self-nanoemulsification experiments. When compared to LUT suspension, the developed SNEDDS revealed considerable LUT release from all SNEDDS. Droplet size was 40 nm, PDI was <0.3, ZP was −30.58 mV, RI was 1.40, percent T was >98 percent, and drug release profile was >96 percent in optimized SNEDDS of LUT. For in vivo hepatoprotective testing in rats, optimized SNEDDS was chosen. When compared to LUT suspension, hepatoprotective tests showed that optimized LUT SNEDDS had a substantial hepatoprotective impact. The findings of this investigation suggested that SNEDDS could improve bioflavonoid LUT dissolution rate and therapeutic efficacy.     

Plant-Based Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and Theranostic Applications: A Review

Bionanotechnology is a branch of science that has revolutionized modern science and technology. Nanomaterials, especially noble metals, have attracted researchers due to their size and application in different branches of sciences that benefit humanity. Metal nanoparticles can be synthesized using green methods, which are good for the environment, economically viable, and facilitate synthesis. Due to their size and form, gold nanoparticles have become significant. Plant materials are of particular interest in the synthesis and manufacture of theranostic gold nanoparticles (NPs), which have been generated using various materials. On the other hand, chemically produced nanoparticles have several drawbacks in terms of cost, toxicity, and effectiveness. A plant-mediated integration of metallic nanoparticles has been developed in the field of nanotechnology to overcome the drawbacks of traditional synthesis, such as physical and synthetic strategies. Nanomaterials′ tunable features make them sophisticated tools in the biomedical platform, especially for developing new diagnostics and therapeutics for malignancy, neurodegenerative, and other chronic disorders. Therefore, this review outlines the theranostic approach, the different plant materials utilized in theranostic applications, and future directions based on current breakthroughs in these fields.     

Determination of Thymol in Commercial Formulation,Essential Oils,Traditional, and Ultrasound-Based Extracts of Thymus vulgaris and Origanum vulgare Using a Greener HPTLC Approach

In the literature, greener analytical approaches for determining thymol in its commercial formulations, plant-based phytopharmaceuticals, and biological fluids are scarce. As a result, the goal of this study is to develop and validate a normal-phase “high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)” method for determining thymol in commercial formulations, essential oils, traditional extracts (TE), and ultrasound-based extracts (UBE) of Thymus vulgaris and Origanum vulgare obtained from various geographical regions. The greener mobile phase for thymol analysis was a binary combination of cyclohexane and ethyl acetate (85:15, v/v). The derivatized densitometric analysis of thymol was carried out under visible mode at 530 nm utilizing anisaldehyde-sulfuric acid as a derivatizing/visualizing agent. In the 10–2000 ng/band range, the greener normal-phase HPTLC method was linear. Furthermore, for thymol analysis, the proposed analytical approach was simple, quick, inexpensive, accurate, precise, robust, sensitive, and greener. The thymol contents in commercial formulation were computed as 7.61% w/w. In general, the thymol contents were maximum in essential oils of T. vulgaris and O. vulgare compared to the other sample matrices studied. The thymol contents of TE of T. vulgaris and O. vulgare of different geographical regions were significantly low compared to their UBE extract. Using 12 distinct components of green analytical chemistry, the overall “analytical GREEnness (AGREE)” scale for the proposed analytical approach was computed 0.79, showing the good greener nature of the proposed analytical approach. Overall, the greener normal-phase HPTLC technique was found to be reliable for determining thymol in commercial formulations and plant-based phytopharmaceuticals.     

Thermodynamic Solubility Profile of Temozolomide in Different Commonly Used Pharmaceutical Solvents

The solubility parameters, and solution thermodynamics of temozolomide (TMZ) in 10 frequently used solvents were examined at five different temperatures. The maximum mole fraction solubility of TMZ was ascertained in dimethyl sulfoxide (1.35 × 10⁻²), followed by that in polyethylene glycol-400 (3.32 × 10⁻³) > Transcutol^® (2.89 × 10⁻³) > ethylene glycol (1.64 × 10⁻³) > propylene glycol (1.47 × 10⁻³) > H₂O (7.70 × 10⁻⁴) > ethyl acetate (5.44 × 10⁻⁴) > ethanol (1.80 × 10⁻⁴) > isopropyl alcohol (1.32 × 10⁻⁴) > 1-butanol (1.07 × 10⁻⁴) at 323.2 K. An analogous pattern was also observed for the other investigated temperatures. The quantitated TMZ solubility values were regressed using Apelblat and Van’t Hoff models and showed overall deviances of 0.96% and 1.33%, respectively. Apparent thermodynamic analysis indicated endothermic, spontaneous, and entropy-driven dissolution of TMZ in all solvents. TMZ solubility data may help to formulate dosage forms, recrystallize, purify, and extract/separate TMZ.     

A rapid and highly sensitive stability-indicating high-performance thin-layer chromatography technique for the determination of tedizolid phosphate with a classical univariate calibration

No high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) techniques have been established for the determination of tedizolid phosphate (TDZP) in pharmaceutical products or physiological fluids. Therefore, a rapid and highly sensitive stability-indicating HPTLC technique has been developed for the determination of TDZP in commercial formulations with a classical univariate calibration. The HPTLC‒densitometry analysis of TDZP was carried out via chloroform‒methanol (90:10, V/V) mobile phase. The determination of TDZP was performed at the wavelength of 300 nm. The proposed HPTLC technique was linear in the range of 10‒2000 ng band^‒1. In addition, the method was found to be highly accurate (% recovery = 98.53‒101.74%), precise (%CV = 0.67‒0.91%), robust (%CV = 0.83‒0.86%), highly sensitive (LOD = 3.41 ng band^‒1, LOQ = 10.23 ng band^‒1) for the determination of TDZP. The proposed technique was also able to detect TDZP in the presence of its degradation products under various stress conditions and it can be considered as a stability-indicating method. The proposed HPTLC technique was applied for the analysis of TDZP in its commercial formulations. The TDZP contents of commercial tablets and injection were determined as 98.41% and 101.23%, respectively. These results suggested that the proposed HPTLC technique can be applied for the routine analysis of TDZP in its commercial products and newly established formulations.

     

Radon mapping in groundwater and indoor environs of Budgam,Jammu and Kashmir

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - Radiation exposure, an inescapable share of our everyday life, primarily arises from terrestrial or cosmic sources. A small fragment of the total...     

Quantitative determination of canagliflozin in human plasma samples using a validated HPTLC method and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats

Canagliflozin (CNZ) is the first sodium–glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the proposed work, a sensitive, rapid and validated high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was established for the estimation of CNZ in human plasma for the first time. HPTLC analysis of CNZ and internal standard (sildenafil) was performed on glass coated silica gel 60 F₂₅₄ HPTLC plates using a binary mixture of chloroform–methanol 9:1 (%, v/v) as the mobile phase. Densitometric detection was done at 295 nm. Retardation factor values were obtained as 0.22 and 0.52 for the CNZ and the IS, respectively. The linearity range of CNZ was obtained as 200–3,200 ng/ml. A simple protein precipitation method was used for the extraction of analyte from plasma using methanol. The proposed HPTLC technique was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness. The proposed HPTLC technique was successfully utilized for the assessment of pharmacokinetic profile of CNZ in rats after oral administration. After oral administration, the peak plasma concentration of CNZ was obtained as 1458.01 ng/ml in 2 h. The proposed HPTLC method could be applied to the study of the pharmacokinetic profile of pharmaceutical formulations containing CNZ.