一种基于三维激光点云数据的单木树冠投影面积和树冠体积自动提取算法

树冠投影面积和树冠体积是研究单木生物量估测、三维绿量测算等的重要测量因子。针对树冠结构复杂、形态各异,树冠因子难以精确测量等问题,为实现单木树冠投影面积和树冠体积的自动提取和精准测量,以三维激光扫描获取的树木点云数据为数据源,运用平面散乱点集凸包算法——Graham扫描算法和不规则体切片分割累加算法,以VC++6.0和Matlab 7.0混合编程,实现树冠投影面积和树冠体积的自动提取。以实验区选取具有代表性的22株不同树种的样木为研究对象,并与传统人工测量方法进行了对比分析。试验结果表明,树冠投影面积人工测量(A₄)结果与点云数据的自动计算(A_V)结果相关性较好,r=0.964(p<0.01),A₄高于A_V的平均值为25.5%。近似规则几何体方法树冠体积测量(V_C)结果与基于点云数据的自动计算(V_VC)结果之间呈现较强的相关性,r=0.960(p<0.001),V_C低于V_VC的平均值为8.03%。该方法基于高精度单木点云数据,实现了树冠结构的高精度快速重构、单木树冠投影面积和树冠体积的无损自动提取,可以为单木树冠结构的研究提供参考,在精准林业领域具有推广应用价值。     

光学系统时间畸变和色时间滞后的研究

本文对皮秒和飞秒技术中瞬态现象测量系统所用的特殊光学系统校正时间畸变和压缩色时间滞后的问题进行了讨论。实验证明用该方法设计研制的光学系统校正效果显着。     

Effects of the structural order of canthaxanthin on the Raman scattering cross section in various solvents: A study by Raman spectroscopy and ab initio calculation

In this work,we measure the Raman scattering cross sections(RSCSs) of the carbon-carbon(CC) stretching vibrational modes of canthaxanthin in benzene,acetone,n-heptane,cyclohexane,and m-xylene.It is found that the absolute RSCS of CC stretching mode of canthaxanthin reaches a value of 10 24 cm 2 ·molecule 1 ·sr 1 at 8×10 5 M,which is 6 orders of magnitude larger than general RSCS(10 30 cm 2 ·molecule 1 ·sr 1),and the RSCSs of canthaxanthin in various solvents are very different due to the hydrogen bond.A theoretical interpretation of the magnetic experimental results is given,which is introduced in a qualitative nonlinear model of coherent weakly damped electron-lattice vibration in the structural order of polyene chains.In addition,the optimal structure and the bond length alternation(BLA) parameter of canthaxanthin are calculated using quantum chemistry calculation(at the b3lyp/6-31g(d,p) level of theory).The theoretical calculations are in good agreement with the experimental results.Furthermore,the combination of Raman spectroscopy and the quantum chemistry calculation study would be a quite suitable method of studying the structures and the properties of the π-conjugated systems.     

Some constructions of biharmonic maps and Chen’s conjecture on biharmonic hypersurfaces

We give several construction methods and use them to produce many examples of proper biharmonic maps including biharmonic tori of any dimension in Euclidean spheres (Theorem 2.2, Corollary 2.3, Corollary 2.4 and Corollary 2.6), biharmonic maps between spheres (Theorem 2.9) and into spheres (Theorem 2.10) via orthogonal multiplications and eigenmaps. We also study biharmonic graphs of maps, derive the equation for a function whose graph is a biharmonic hypersurface in a Euclidean space, and give an equivalent formulation of Chen’s conjecture on biharmonic hypersurfaces by using the biharmonic graph equation (Theorem 4.1) which paves a way for the analytic study of the conjecture.     

Advances in wide bandgap SiC for optoelectronics

Silicon carbide (SiC) has played a key role in power electronics thanks to its unique physical properties like wide bandgap, high breakdown field, etc. During the past decade, SiC is also becoming more and more active in optoelectronics thanks to the progress in materials growth and nanofabrication. This paper will review the advances in fluorescent SiC for white light-emitting diodes, covering the poly-crystalline doped SiC source material growth, single crystalline epitaxy growth of fluorescent SiC, and nanofabrication of SiC to enhance the extraction efficiency for fluorescent SiC based white LEDs.     

Temperature-electric field hysteresis loop of multicaloric effects in PbZr0.8Ti0.2O3 thin films

The Multicaloric effect in the PbZr_0.8Ti_0.2O₃ thin films is investigated with the application of sine wave electric field, dc electric field and stress using a phase field method combined with the thermodynamic analysis. The simulation results show that the adiabatic temperature change-electric field curve presents a shape of butterfly in the presence of the sine wave electric field. In order to detect the effect of the sine wave electric field, the multicaloric effect and the domain structures under the direct electric field and the sine wave electric field are compared. It is found that the domain switching behaviors are quite different under the different applied electric fields. And the negative multicaloric effect in the PbZr_0.8Ti_0.2O₃ thin film is attribute to the domain switching under the external field.     

人工构建二维准晶复合结构的减阻特性研究

采用旋转锥板式剪切力测试系统,测试了人工构建的具有五次、八次、十次、十二次对称性的二维准晶结构对甘油和水混合液的减阻性能,并与随机排列结构和周期排列结构的流阻进行了对比.对比试验发现：准晶结构具有显著的减阻效果,其中具有十二次对称性的二维准晶结构减阻效应最大,在剪切率为200—2000 s^-1时,剪切力减小的幅度从15%—9%,其最大减阻量可达到15.4%.进一步在所构建的大尺度二维准晶结构的表面,再复合制备微/纳米粗糙结构,这两种尺度的结构协和作用,可实现减阻效果明显提高. 关键词： 准晶结构 粗糙结构 十二次对称性 减阻     

Collision Index and Stability of Elliptic Relative Equilibria in Planar {n}-body Problem

In this article, we construct three new holomorphic vertex operator algebras of central charge 24 using the \({\mathbb{Z}_{2}}\)-orbifold construction associated to inner automorphisms. Their weight one subspaces have the Lie algebra structures D_7,3A_3,1G_2,1, E_7,3A_5,1, and \({A_{8,3}A_{2,1}^2}\). In addition, we discuss the constructions of holomorphic vertex operator algebras with Lie algebras A_5,6C_2,3A_1,2 and \({D_{6,5}A_{1,1}^2}\) from holomorphic vertex operator algebras with Lie algebras C_5,3G_2,2A_1,1 and \({A_{4,5}^2}\), respectively.     

光学非球面面形拟合方法研究

作者在研制一台高精度检测非球面仪器的过程中,探讨了二次和高次非球面面形方程参数的拟合方法。计算实例表明,线性化拟合法和非线性拟合法较圆满地达到了各种非球面面形拟合精度和实时处理的要求。