Maximal entropy permutations of even size

The entropy of a permutation is the least topological entropy of any continuous interval map having an invariant set which is shuffled according to the permutation. For each , we identify the maximal entropy permutations of size .

     

High-resolution gamma spectrometry for measurement of transuranic radionuclides: A comparison of a low axial length-to-diameter coaxial HPGe detector versus a planar HPGe detector

A comparison of an HPGe planar detector and an HPGe coaxial detector, both with short length-to-diameter ratios, provides empirical evidence for the advantage of the coaxial configuration in measurements of actinide radionuclides. The principal advantage is related to the lower capacitance of a coaxial detector relative to that of a planar detector, both with large active frontal areas. In addition, the higher interaction probability (efficiency) of Ge versus Si underscores the advantages of Ge for measurements of samples with -ray energies from 5 to 200 keV (²³⁵U and²⁴¹Pu). The advantages are also dependent on the presence of other higher-energy -rays collimated versus diffuse-sample geometry, and (for bioassay applications) the intervening scattering mediums of bone and tissue.     

Photon radiation in final state parton showering

A method is described for the inclusion ofq→qγ branchings within a QCD parton showering event generator. Special attention is paid to the ‘back-to-back’ region ine ⁺ e ^? events, where a very hard photon recoils from a nearly collinear quark-antiquark pair. The resulting algorithm is also applied to back-to-backq \(\bar q\) g configurations. Results for theq \(\bar q\) γ cross-section are compared against various theoretical predictions, models and experimental data.     

Discontinuous ventilation in the rhinoceros beetle <Emphasis Type="Italic">Oryctes nasicornis</Emphasis>

Discontinuous gas exchange cycles (DGCs) are frequently observed with insects, i.e. oxygen take up and carbon dioxide release occur interrupted by periods of a few minutes up to many hours. The paper presents direct and indirect calorimetric experiments on DGCs of the scarabid rhinoceros beetle Oryctes nasicornis. A direct/indirect calorimetric experiment is presented. Total and specific heat production rates amount to 0.56mWand 0.42mWg⁻¹ in the first period without DGCs and to 0.43 mW (0.32 mW g⁻¹) in the second phase, resp. The mean DGC amplitude is 0.184 mW and thus between 33 and 66% of the total turnover.     

Low intensity infrared laser induces filamentation in Escherichia coli cells

Laser Physics - Low intensity continuous wave and pulsed emission modes laser is used in treating many diseases and the resulting biostimulative effect on tissues has been described, yet the...     

Pulsed Gradient Spin Echo Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement and Simulation of Two-Fluid Taylor Vortex Flow in a Vertically Oriented Taylor–Couette Device

Magnetic resonance microscopy and Ansys Fluent^? computational fluid dynamics simulation have been used to classify Taylor vortex flows (TVF) for several single fluid and axially stratified two-fluid systems in a vertically oriented Taylor–Couette device. A Rheo-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) Couette system (Magritek Ltd, New Zealand) with a 1.05-mm gap was used to evaluate the transition from Couette flow to TVF in 1.65 cSt silicone oil, 1 cSt deionized water, and 0.65 cSt silicone oil. The rotation rate at which instability onset occurred agreed between experiment and simulation, as did the critical wavelength. Velocities were mapped for axially stratified two-fluid systems. The vortex containing the two-fluid interface was found to form with a significantly longer wavelength than that observed in the pure fluids. For experiments and simulations in the TVF regime, a region with no secondary flows was found at the interface, indicating interface stabilization by surface tension forces.     

Synthesis and spectral characteristics of silicon-containing poly(salicylidene azomethines) derived from aromatic di- and tetraamines

New silicon-containing poly(salicylidene azomethines) were prepared by polycondensation of di-or tetrasalicylidene derivatives of aromatic di- or tetraamines. The spectral data suggest the occurrence of noncovalent transannular donor-acceptor interaction N→Si providing “nonclassical” conjugation.