全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2607篇 |
免费 | 168篇 |
国内免费 | 61篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2032篇 |
晶体学 | 12篇 |
力学 | 129篇 |
数学 | 283篇 |
物理学 | 380篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 11篇 |
2022年 | 46篇 |
2021年 | 104篇 |
2020年 | 164篇 |
2019年 | 138篇 |
2018年 | 186篇 |
2017年 | 130篇 |
2016年 | 220篇 |
2015年 | 146篇 |
2014年 | 211篇 |
2013年 | 331篇 |
2012年 | 217篇 |
2011年 | 200篇 |
2010年 | 169篇 |
2009年 | 139篇 |
2008年 | 134篇 |
2007年 | 80篇 |
2006年 | 49篇 |
2005年 | 30篇 |
2004年 | 28篇 |
2003年 | 27篇 |
2002年 | 18篇 |
2001年 | 9篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2836条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
61.
62.
63.
In this study, Bi2S3@BSA–Bio–MTX nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized for the first time by bovine serum albumin (BSA)-mediated biomineralization (Bi2S3@BSA NPs) followed by covalent bonding of biotin (Bio) and methotrexate (MTX) on the surface of the Bi2S3@BSA NPs via carbodiimide chemistry. The synthesized NPs were globular and exhibited uniform morphology with a hydrodynamic diameter of 107.6 ± 6.81 nm (mean ± standard deviation) and zeta potential of −20.9 ± 2.18 mV. Drug release from Bi2S3@BSA–Bio–MTX NPs indicated an enzyme-dependent release pattern. The in vitro biocompatibility of NPs was confirmed by investigating their cytotoxicity against the HEK-293 cell line and hemolysis assay test, whereas the in vivo biocompatibility of the NPs was evaluated and confirmed by the lethal dose 50 (LD50) test. To evaluate the in vitro anticancer activity of the functionalized NPs and MTX, their cytotoxic effects was assessed against 4T1 cancer cells by 5-dimethylthiazol-z-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay with and without X-ray radiation. Results showed that Bi2S3@BSA–Bio–MTX NPs have excellent anticancer activity, especially following X-ray radiation. 相似文献
64.
Hossein Filian Alireza Kohzadian Masoud Mohammadi Arash Ghorbani-Choghamarani Amirali Karami 《应用有机金属化学》2020,34(6):e5579
In this research, a rapid, green and efficient protocol for synthesis of bis (pyrazolyl)methane derivatives in the presence of Pd(0)-guanidine@MCM-41 catalysts under solvent-free conditions by the following two methods has been reported: (i) via the one-pot pseudo five-component reaction among phenylhydrazine (2 equivalents), ethyl acetoacetate (2 equivalents) and aromatic aldehydes (1 equivalent); and (ii) the one-pot pseudo three-component reaction between 3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-one (2 equivalents) and aromatic aldehydes (1 equivalent). Some advantages of this protocol include: green conditions, extremely short times, high efficiency, proper one-pot operation, generality of method, easy work-up and recyclability, and reusability of the catalyst up to five times without significant loss in catalytic activity. 相似文献
65.
A palladium–fibroin complex (Pd/Fib.) was prepared by the addition of sonicated fibroin fiber in water to palladium acetate solution. Pd (OAc)2 was absorbed by fibroin and reduced with NaBH4 at room temperature to the Pd(0) nanoparticles. Powder‐X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy–energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform‐infrared, CHN elemental analysis and inductively coupled plasma‐atomic emission spectroscopy were carried out to characterize the Pd/Fib. catalyst. Catalytic activity of this finely dispersed palladium was examined in the Heck coupling reaction. The catalytic coupling of aryl halides (‐Cl, ‐Br, ‐I) and olefins led to the formation of the corresponding coupled products in moderate to high yields under air atmosphere. A variety of substrates, including electron‐rich and electron‐poor aryl halides, were converted smoothly to the targeted products in simple procedure. Heterogeneous supported Pd catalyst can be recycled and reused several times. 相似文献
66.
In this study, natural‐based ionic liquid (IL) using caffeine (Caff), trietahnolamine (TEA) and ZnBr2, [Caff‐TEA]+[ZnBr3]?, which features high catalytic activity and environmentally‐friendly nature was synthesized with melting point of 76 °C by a facile method. The synthesized [Caff‐TEA]+[ZnBr3]? has high catalytic activity as both of catalyst and solvent in condensation reactions for the synthesis of benzylidenes, bis‐hydroxyenones and xanthenes. Synthesized IL was characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. Also synthesized heterocycles were characterized by FT‐IR, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (13CNMR). 相似文献
67.
68.
Mehrnoush Tamimi Majid M. Heravi Masoud Mirzaei Vahideh Zadsirjan Nahid Lotfian Hossein Eshtiagh‐Hosseini 《应用有机金属化学》2019,33(9)
A facile, efficient and eco‐friendly catalytic protocol was developed for the synthesis of medicinally important pyran‐annulated heterocycles via multicomponent reaction (MCR). Cyclocondensation of differently substituted aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile/ethyl cyanoacetate and various β‐dicarbonyl compounds in the presence of Ag3[PMo12O40]?nH2O as heterogeneous catalyst, in EtOH–H2O, afforded diverse pyran‐fused chromene analogues. The merits observed for this approach were it being conducted via MCR, using commercially available or easily accessible starting materials in the presence of a green and easily separable heterogeneous and reusable catalyst, and affording high yields of desired products in very short reaction times with high purity in one‐pot fashion, thus providing a superior alternative approach for the synthesis of pyran‐annulated heterocycles. 相似文献
69.
Seyed Ahmad Razavizadeh Setareh Sheikh 《Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry》2019,93(4):625-630
Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A - A new simple and accurate functional form for an attractive parameter α is introduced for Peng–Robinson equation of state. The modified... 相似文献
70.
Novel functionalized graphene adsorbent was prepared and characterized using different techniques. The prepared adsorbent was applied for the removal of cadmium ions from aqueous solution. A response surface methodology was used to evaluate the simple and combined effects of the various parameters, including adsorbent dosage, pH, and initial concentration. Under the optimal conditions, the cadmium removal performance of 70% was achieved. A good agreement between experimental and predicted data in this study was observed. The experimental results revealed of cadmium adsorption with high linearity follow Langmuir isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity of 502 mg g?1, and the adsorption data fitted well into pseudo‐second order model. Thermodynamic studies showed that adsorption process has exothermic and spontaneous nature. The recommended optimum conditions are: cadmium concentration of 970 mg L?1, adsorbent dosage of 1 g L?1, pH of 6.18, and T = 25 °C. The magnetic recovery of the adsorbent was performed using a magnetic surfactant to form a noncovalent magnetic functionalized graphene. After magnetic recovery of the adsorbent both components (adsorbent and magnetic surfactant) were recycled by tuning the surface charges through changing the pH of the solution. Desorption behavior studied using HNO3 solution indicated that the adsorbent had the potential for reusability. 相似文献