Impact of Targeted Specific Antibiotic Delivery for Gut Microbiota Modulation on High-Fructose-Fed Rats

The objective of present investigation was to study the effect of gut microbiota alteration by oral administration of targeted delivery of pH sensitive cefdinir microspheres to high-fructose-fed (HFD) rats. Rats were fed with a high-fructose diet with or without cefdinir microsphere administration for 30 days. The fecal microbiota community, oral glucose tolerance, the markers of liver injury, plasma and hepatic lipids profile, and histological evaluation were investigated. The levels of blood glucose, liver injury markers, lipid profile in plasma and liver, and fat tissue were significantly increased in high-fructose-fed rats. However, after pH-sensitive cefdinir microsphere administration, the elevation of these parameters was significantly suppressed. Cef EL significantly lowered the increased AST (p?<?0.05) and ALT (p?<?0.001) levels in HFD group. There is a significant lower (p?<?0.01) AUC_glucose level in Cef EL group than HFD group The histological changes in the liver and the small and large intestines were more profound in HFD group as compared to cefdinir-treated HFD and control groups. Feeding of cefdinir microsphere sustained lactobacilli and bifidobacteria and significantly decreased (p?<?0.05) the number of Enterobacteriaceae induced by HFD. Experimental evidences demonstrated that the effectiveness of pH-specific cefdinir microsphere on reducing insulin resistance and development of metabolic changes in high-fructose-fed rats and suggested that it may be a promising therapeutic agent in treating type 2 diabetes. Intestinal-targeted antibiotic delivery needs to be further explored for its therapeutic applications.     

Hydrolysis and amine-capping in a glycol solvent as a route to soluble maghemite gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles

The preparation of capped metal oxide nanoparticles through the hydrolysis of metal salts is made arduous by the difficulty of dissolving long organic chain capping agents in water; by performing the reaction in propylene glycol under reflux, instead of water, we are able to hydrolyse FeCl3 in the presence of n-octylamine to obtain (repeatedly) soluble, monodisperse approximately 5 nm gamma-Fe2O3 particles that display a tendency to aggregate into superlattices.     

Virtual source for the Bessel-Gauss beam

The virtual source for generation of the fundamental scalar Bessel-Gauss wave is identified. An expression is derived for the Bessel-Gauss wave, which, in the appropriate limit, yields the paraxial approximation for the fundamental Bessel-Gauss beam. For the azimuthally symmetric beam, the first-order nonparaxial correction to the on-axis field is also determined. This nonparaxial correction reduces correctly to that of the fundamental Gaussian beam in the appropriate limit.     

Cosmic microwave background polarization signals from tangled magnetic fields

Tangled, primordial cosmic magnetic fields create small rotational velocity perturbations on the last scattering surface of the cosmic microwave background radiation. For fields which redshift to a present value of B0 = 3 x 10(-9) G, these vector modes are shown to generate polarization anisotropies of order 0.1-4 microK on small angular scales (500相似文献   

Synthesis,Structure and Magnetic Phase Transitions of the Manganese Succinate Hybrid Framework,Mn(C4H4O4)

An anhydrous manganese succinate, Mn(C₄H₄O₄), has been synthesised hydrothermally and studied by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. It adopts a succinate pillared structure in which layers of corner‐sharing MnO₆ octahedra alternate with sheets that contain chains of edge‐sharing octahedra. This unique 3D framework structure contains highly distorted MnO₆ octahedra, which are made possible by the lack of ligand field stabilisation energy for the high‐spin Mn²⁺ ion. Attempts to dope the structure with other divalent transition‐metal ions were accordingly unsuccessful. Magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity measurements indicate that Mn(C₄H₄O₄) undergoes antiferromagnetic ordering below 12 K, with a second antiferromagnetic transition at approximately 6 K. These two antiferromagnetic phases undergo further transitions in applied fields, underlining the subtle magnetic behaviour that is possible in inorganic–organic frameworks of this structural complexity.