Synthesis of alkyl glycerolipids with various cationic groups linked directly to the glycerol backbone

A number of positively charged lipids containing pyridinium,N-methylmorpholinium,N-methylimidazolinium, 4-N,N-dimethylaminopyridinium, and 4-N,N-dimethylcyclo-hexylammonium groups linked directly to the C(3) atom of 1,2-di-O-alkylglycerols with Br⁻, MsO⁻, and TsO⁻ anions as counterions were synthesized. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 7, pp. 1381–1384, July, 1999.     

Synthesis of neoglycolipids for the development of non-viral gene delivery systems

Synthesis of lipid conjugates with galactose as a targeting ligand intended for the development of non-viral systems for the targeted delivery of nucleic acids into hepatocytes is described. 3,4-Diethoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (diethyl squarate) was used to bind the galactose moiety to the lipid component.     

Synthesis of sulfur-containing cationic lipids of the 1,3-dioxolane type

A series of cationic acetal lipids containing different spacer and cationic groups were synthesized starting from 1,2-O-hexadecylidene-3-thioglycerol. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1590–1592, August, 1998.     

Synthesis of modified ether phospholipids

A number of modified ether phospholipids with additional substituents in the 2 position of the C(1)-alkyl chain, 1-O-[2-(R,S)-hydroxyhexadecyl]-2-O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1-O-[2-(R,S)-acetoxyhexadecyl]-2-O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1-O-[2-(R,S)-hydroxyhexadecyl]-2-chloro-2-deoxy-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine, and 1-O-[2-(R,S)-acetoxyhexadecyl]-2-chloro-2-deoxy-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine, have been synthesized.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 974–978, May, 1995.We thank Dr. V. S. Pashkov for spectroscopic measurements and Dr. M. V. Anikin for spectroscopic measurements and scientific discussions.This work was partially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project No. 94-03-08166).     

Direct C-C-coupling of ferrocenyl- and cymantrenyllithium with 5-(het)aryl-1,2,5-oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazines

A direct C-C-coupling of ferrocenyl- and cymantrenyllithium with 5-(het)aryl-1,2,5- oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazines was accomplished. Main characteristics of the S _N ^H-reaction products were obtained, as well as crystallographic data on the spatial structure of oxadiazolopyrazinylferrocenes and -cymantrenes synthesized.     

Interactions between Ni n (n = 1–4) clusters and molecules of methane,water, and hydrogen peroxide

Quantum chemical computations and study of IR spectra of systems Ni₄ + CH₄, Ni₄ + H₂O, and Ni₄ +H₂O are performed. The results are discussed conjointly with analogous data for products of reactions with Ni _n (n=1–3). It is shown that formation of complexes with either hydrogen atoms or CH₃ and OH radicals in a bridged position is characteristic of these systems. It is essential that the ground state of the nickel frame formed in Ni₄ systems has the form of a flat rhombus, which is different from the main isomer form of Ni₄ having pyramidal structure.