The effects of relativistic and nonlocal nonlinearities on modulational instabilities in inhomogeneous plasma

A general detailed analysis of the nonlinear generation of localized fields due to the existence of a strong pump field inside an inhomogeneous plasma has been performed taking into account the effects of relativistic and nonlocal nonlinearities on the structure of the plasma resonance region. The nonlinear Schrödinger equation describing the localized fields is investigated. A generalized dispersion relation is obtained to study the modulational instabilities in different cases.     

Structures of oxaliplatin‐oligonucleotide adducts from DNA

Oxaliplatin, [(1R,2R)‐cyclohexane‐1,2‐diamine](ethanedioato‐O,O')platinum(II) shows a great efficiency against colorectal cancer. Although the mode of action of oxaliplatin is not yet understood, it is commonly accepted that binding of oxaliplatin to DNA prevents DNA synthesis and alters protein to DNA binding. In order to elucidate the modified DNA–protein interaction and thus to understand the mechanisms leading to cellular misinterpretation of DNA information and apoptosis, we have identified the preferential binding sites and the dynamics of the oxaliplatin‐DNA intrastrand and interstrand adducts at the oligomer level using high‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI‐MS/MS) and HPLC/inductively coupled plasma‐MS for quantitative studies. We used a combination of benzonase, alkaline phosphatase and Nuclease S1 for digestion. This digestion procedure allows the study of platinated oligomeric nucleotides and more complex interstrand adducts. The digestion products were mostly chromatographically separated and characterized using HPLC/ESI‐ion trap MS/MS experiments. We could show that the adducts to guanine and adenine are quite dynamic; that is, the ratios are changing for several days. In addition, the resulting adducts provide evidence for the action of the digesting enzymes and indicate that the adduct spectrum at the oligomeric level is different to that at the commonly studies dinucleotide level. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Amberlite IR-120 catalyzed,microwave-assisted rapid synthesis of 2-aryl-benzimidazoles

An expeditious synthesis of 2-aryl-benzimidazoles by the condensation of o-phenylenediamine with various araldehydes is described. This greener protocol is catalyzed by Amberlite IR-120, and proceeds efficiently in the absence of any organic solvent under microwave irradiation within 3–5 min.     

Inclusion complex of N-nitroso,N-(2-chloroethyl), N′, N′-dibenzylsulfamid with β-Cyclodextrin: Fluorescence and molecular modeling

The inclusion complex of N-nitroso, N-(2-chloroethyl), N′, N′-dibenzylsulfamid with β-Cyclodextrin have been investigated using the spectrofluorescence technique ¹H NMR spectroscopy. The stoichiometric ratio of the complex was found to be 1:1 and the stability constant was evaluated using the Benesi-Hildebrand equation. In order to find the most favorable structure, molecular mechanics calculations were employed to study the inclusion of CENS-Dibenz in β-CD in vacuum and in the presence of water as a solvent. The driving forces for complexation are dominated by non-bonded van der Waals host-guest interactions with very little electrostatic contribution in both environments. After this stage of calculation, both the most stable complexes obtained by MM+ were re-optimized using semi-empirical and quantum mechanical calculations. It was found that the PM3 and the hybrid method ONIOM2 calculations predict the same mode of inclusion of the drug molecule in the host cavity. In the most stable conformation (i.e. Complex A), one of the two aromatic cycles is dipped within the relatively less polar cavity of β-cyclodextrin, while the other aromatic cycle as well as the active groupings (alkylating agent and nitroso group) are directed towards the exterior through the narrow rim of β-CD. This orientation is preferred because it is the most energetically favorable structure. Moreover, statistical thermodynamic calculations demonstrate that the formation of the inclusion complex is an enthalpy-driven process. A comparison between the experimental and theoretical values of ΔG⁰ proves that simulation of the complexes without an explicit treatment of the solvent leads to dubious results.     

An improved max-flow-based lower bound for minimizing maximum lateness on identical parallel machines

In this paper, we introduce a new concept of semi-preemptive scheduling and we show how it can be used to derive a maximum-flow-based lower bound for the P|r_j|L_max which dominates the well-known preemptive lower bound. We show that, in some cases, the proposed bound strictly dominates the preemptive one while having the same complexity.     

Some remarks on the Jensen-Hadamard inequalities and applications

We provide some inequalities and integral inequalities connected to the Jensen-Hadamard inequalities for convex functions. In particular, we give some refinements to these inequalities. Some natural applications and further extensions are given.

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Sunto Forniamo alcune diseguaglianze e diseguaglianze integrali connesse alle dise-gueglianze di Jensen-Hadamard per funzioni convesse. In particolare, diamo qualche miglioramento di queste diseguaglianze. Alcune applicazioni naturali ed ulteriori estensioni sono date.

     

LINEAR SEARCH FOR A BROWNIAN TARGET MOTION

A target is assumed to move according to a Brownian motion on the real line. The searcher starts from the origin and moves in the two directions from the starting point.The object is to detect the target. The purpose of this paper is to find the conditions under which the expected value of the first meeting time of the searcher and the target is finite,and to show the existence of a search plan which made this expected value minimum.     

Slotted microcavity ring resonators for optical storage applications

In this paper, slotted microcavity ring resonators based optical storage devices are proposed and analyzed by means of multiresolution time domain technique. The effect of the structure geometrical parameters on the coupling efficiency, normalized transmission spectra and quality factor has been thoroughly investigated and compared to that of the conventional no-slot microring resonator. The suggested slotted configurations increase the quality factor at a fixed gap size between the central ring and input/output waveguides. In addition, the desired compromise between the coupling efficiency and resonance effect inside the ring can be achieved by mere optimization of the slot geometrical characteristics.     

Two-Qubit Local Fisher Information Correlation beyond Entanglement in a Nonlinear Generalized Cavity with an Intrinsic Decoherence

In this paper, we study a Hamiltonian system constituted by two coupled two-level atoms (qubits) interacting with a nonlinear generalized cavity field. The nonclassical two-qubit correlation dynamics are investigated using Bures distance entanglement and local quantum Fisher information under the influences of intrinsic decoherence and qubit–qubit interaction. The effects of the superposition of two identical generalized coherent states and the initial coherent field intensity on the generated two-qubit correlations are investigated. Entanglement of sudden death and sudden birth of the Bures distance entanglement as well as the sudden changes in local Fisher information are observed. We show that the robustness, against decoherence, of the generated two-qubit correlations can be controlled by qubit–qubit coupling and the initial coherent cavity states.     

Performance Evaluation and Effectiveness of the Reverberation Room

This research presents a thorough evaluation of the reverberation room at Acoustics Laboratory in National Institute of Standards (NIS) according to the related international standards. The evaluation aims at examining the room performance and exploring its effectiveness in the frequency range from 125 Hz to 10000 Hz according to the international standard requirements. The room, which was designed and built several years ago, is an irregular rectangular shape free from diffusers. Its volume is about 158.84 m³, which meets the requirement of the ISO 354 standard L_max < 1.9V^1/3. Cut-off frequencies of one and one-third octave are 63 Hz and 100 Hz respectively; however Schroder frequency is 400 Hz. Calculations of cut-off frequency and modal density showed adequate modes that give acceptable uniformity starting comfortably from frequency of 125 Hz. The room has a reverberation time that is suitable for its size over the frequency range of interest. The room sound absorption surface area and its sound absorption coefficient satisfy the criteria given in ISO 3741 and ISO 354. There is an accepted diffuse sound field inside the room due to the standard deviation of measured sound level, which is less than 1.5 dB over all the frequency range. The only exception was 125 Hz which may be due to a lack of diffusivity of the sound field at this frequency. The evaluation proves that the NIS reverberation room is in full agreement with the international standards, which in turns qualifies the room to host measurements inside without concerns.