光纤SPR传感器的结构、膜材与应用进展

光纤表面等离子共振(Fiber optic surface plasmon resonance,FO-SPR)传感器由于体积小、易携带、抗电磁干扰等优点在生物、化学、医学及食品领域均具有广阔的应用前景。该文综述了光纤SPR传感器的结构、膜材料及其应用进展。其中终端反射式和在线传输式是光纤SPR传感器最重要的两种结构;最常用的膜材料包括金膜、银膜、复合膜和金属纳米颗粒。基于光纤SPR的实时检测、抗干扰能力强、可多通道检测等特点展望了其未来发展与应用前景。     

TiO2–SiO2 in PEG: A Highly Efficient Green Catalytic System for One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzo[a]xanthen‐11‐ones

Polyethylene glycol was found to be an inexpensive non‐toxic and effective medium for the one‐pot synthesis of benzo[a]xanthen‐11‐ones in the presence of TiO₂–SiO₂ as the catalyst in good to excellent yield. The salient features of this protocol are the simplicity of the procedure, the ready accessibility of the catalyst, its cost effectiveness, and reusable catalyst in relatively short reaction times.     

Synthesis of 3-methyleneindan-1-ol scaffold from modified Baylis-Hillman adduct: tandem Pd-catalyzed 5-exo-trig cyclization and iodide ion-assisted formal δ-carbon elimination/decarboxylation

An efficient synthetic method of 3-methyleneindan-1-ol scaffold was developed from Baylis-Hillman adducts. The reaction involved palladium-catalyzed 5-exo-trig cyclization and iodide ion-assisted formal δ-carbon elimination/decarboxylation process.     

Synergistic effects induced by oxy-fluorination of carbon preforms to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of carbon-carbon composites

Oxy-fluorination of carbon preforms with various F₂:O₂ gas mixtures were examined to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of carbon fiber-reinforced carbon composites (C/C composites). The oxy-fluorination of the preforms introduced functional groups onto the preform surface, which improved their thermal properties. Oxy-fluorination also improved the interfacial adhesion of the C/C composites, resulting in increased flexural strength and anti-oxidation. Two synergistic effects of oxy-fluorination on the carbon preform are suggested. One optimizes interfacial adhesion by forming hard chemical bonds and soft electrophilic bonds between the surface functional groups of the oxy-fluorinated carbon preforms and the functional groups of the carbon precursors. The other improves anti-oxidation of the C/C composites by improving the thermal properties of the carbon preform itself and interfacial adhesion which resulted in reducing pores, voids, and interfacial cracks.     

A study of mass transfer kinetics of alanyl-alanine on a chiral crown ether stationary phase

The mass transfer kinetics of alanyl-alanine enantiomers in a column packed with a chiral stationary phase (CSP) ChiroSil RCA(+) was studied by means of the moment method. Methanol-water solutions acidified with sulphuric acid were used as the mobile phase. It was shown that the spreading of peaks in the column was strongly affected by abnormal eddy diffusion. This effect was well described within the framework of the Giddings coupling theory. The comprehensive four-term Giddings equation for eddy diffusion was applied, considering simultaneous contribution of the trans-column, trans-channel, short-range inter-channel, and long-range inter-channel dispersion factors. Through these calculations, a predominant importance of the trans-column flow velocity bias was revealed. Besides eddy diffusion, the adsorption kinetic resistance to mass transfer plays a noticeable role in band broadening, all the other contributions (from longitudinal molecular diffusion, external and intraparticle mass transfer) being of minor significance. A relative importance of the mass transfer kinetics increases correlatively with a growth of the retention factor. Both the retention and kinetics of the adsorption of alanyl-alanine on the CSP in study are enantioselective. The influence of the column pressure on retention as well as corrections required because of this influence are also discussed.     

Endosome-escapable magnetic poly(amino acid) nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis and therapy

Endosome-escapable poly(amino acid) nanoparticles composed of iron oxide nanocrystals and anticancer drugs were prepared and demonstrated high T(2) relaxivity coefficients and higher efficacy attributed to the endosomolytic ability of the conjugated histidine moiety.     

Confined Banach spaces

We discuss smoothness of theWeyl functional calculus and use it to prove that every C*-algebra is a confined Banach space. Received: 17 August 2005     

Invertibility in Fréchet Algebras

Using tensor products and a generalised spectrum, we extend to infinite dimensional domains classical results on the ideals generated by a finite or countable set of elements in a Fréchet algebra.