On the calculation of Topological Derivatives considering an exemplary nonlinear material model

In this contribution, a new approach for dealing with material nonlinearities in structural optimization is presented. The method combines the advantage of the calculation of the Topological Derivatives in elasticity problems with the use of meta-modelling for capturing complex correlations. For an exemplary nonlinear material model, the calculation of the Topological Derivative and the resulting difference to the linear elastic material model is shown. An academic example shows the difference between the linear and the nonlinear material model. © 2016 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Examination of Template Structural Effects on CEC Chiral Separation Performance of Molecule Imprinted Polymers Made by a Generalized Preparation Protocol

Some acidic chiral templates were used to prepare open tubular (OT) molecule imprinted polymer (MIP) capillary columns to explore the effects of molecular structures of templates on chiral recognition capabilities and to verify the feasibility of the general MIP preparation protocol introduced in the previous study. The templates are phenyl carboxylic acids and their derivatives. Optimization was carried out for chiral separation of template enantiomers for each MIP column through varying pH and composition of eluent. It was found that the preparation protocol can be successfully applied for the appropriate templates with functional groups fulfilling the three-points interaction rule. The chiral separation performances were quite satisfactory for MIPs of such templates although they are yet inferior to the separation performances of the MIP columns fabricated with the templates of profen drugs (2-arylpropionic acids with a large substituent on the phenyl ring). Subtle variations of the template molecular structures have been found to be critical to enhance chiral recognition ability of the resultant MIP column.     

An Identification Problem for First-Order Degenerate Differential Equations

We study a first-order identification problem in a Banach space. We discuss the nondegenerate and mainly the degenerate case. As a first step, suitable hypotheses on the involved closed linear operators are made in order to obtain unique solvability after reduction to a nondegenerate case; the general case is then handled with the help of new results on convolutions. Some applications to partial differential equations motivate this abstract approach.Communicated by I. GalliganiWork partially supported by MIUR (Ministero dell’ Istruzione, dell’ Università e dalla Ricerca), Project PRIN 2004011204 “Analisi Matematica nei Problemi Inversi,” and by the University of Bologna Funds for Selected Research Topics.     

Robust Equilibria in Indefinite Linear-Quadratic Differential Games

Equilibria in dynamic games are formulated often under the assumption that the players have full knowledge of the dynamics to which they are subject. Here, we formulate equilibria in which players are looking for robustness and take model uncertainty explicitly into account in their decisions. Specifically, we consider feedback Nash equilibria in indefinite linear-quadratic differential games on an infinite time horizon. Model uncertainty is represented by a malevolent input which is subject to a cost penalty or to a direct bound. We derive conditions for the existence of robust equilibria in terms of solutions of sets of algebraic Riccati equations.     

On a conjecture of Basile and Marro

An alternative characterization is given of the class of self-bounded controlled invariant subspaces that was introduced by Basile and Marro in Ref. 1. We also prove a result that was stated as a conjecture in the cited paper.     

Neuartige potentiometrische Indizierung von Titrationen unter Ausnutzung von Adsorptionseffekten an Elektroden

Zusammenfassung Anhand von Beispielen warden verschiedene Möglichkeiten gezeigt, Adsorptionseffekte an Elektroden zur Indikation auszunutzen: Unpolarisierbare Elektroden zeigen, wenn sie oberflachengestört sind, bei kleiner Meßionenkonzentration eine deutliche Adsorptionspolarisierung. Werden beide Reaktionspartner adsorbiert, erfolgt eine Umladung. Solumladungen können über einen Feldeffekt auf inerte Metallelektroden erkannt werden. Die Überspannungen polarisierbarer Elektroden werden durch unterschiedliche adsorbierte Schichten beeinflußt.Allen beschriebenen Methoden ist gemeinsam, daß sie wegen des fehlenden Diaphragmas im Mikromaßstab und wegen der ungewöhnlichen Schärfe der Indikation im Spurenbereich Vorteile gegenüber herkmlichen Indikationsmethoden bringen.

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Novel potentiometric end-point detection by use of adsorption effects at electrodes

Summary The use of adsorption effects at the electrode surface is exemplified to find out the end point of a reaction. Electrodes are distinctly polarized due to their surface defects in very dilute solutions. When both the negative and positive ions are adsorbed, the potential changes radically.The radical change of colloidal charge causes potential change of inert electrodes due to a field effect. The overpotential of polarizable electrodes is influenced by the different adsorbed species.The given examples hold good for microanalysis and trace analysis due to the lack of diaphragm and the unusual sharp end point.

     

Collective acceleration of ions by relativistic electron rings

The collective acceleration of hydrogen and helium ions by relativistic electron rings has been successful, using a very fast ring compression, and has clearly been demonstrated by the inertia of the loaded rings and by nuclear track recording.