Über die Diphosphate M4(P2O7)3 mit M = V,Cr und die Elektronenspektren von Vanadium (III)- und Chrom(III)-Phosphaten

On the Diphosphates M₄(P₂O₇)₃ with M = V, Cr and the Electronic Spectra of Vanadium(III) and Chromium(III) Phosphates Single crystals of ochre colored or dark brown V₄(P₂O₇)₃ ( I ) can be obtained by thermal transformation of an amorphous intermediate synthesized from V₂O₅ and aqueous H₃PO₃ and H₃PO₄; brown crystals of Cr₄(P₂O₇)₃ ( II ) are formed during thermal decomposition of Cr(PO₃)₃, C. I and II are isostructural, crystallizing in orthorhombic space group Pbn2₁ or Pbnm with Z = 4 and lattice constants a = 9.601(2), b = 21.425(5), c = 7.470(4) Å and a = 9.38(1), b = 21.00(4), c = 7.26(2) Å, respectively. Probably due to slight substitution of vanadium(V) for phosphorus atoms (P:V^v ～ 40:1) nonstoichiometic phase composition is found for I prepared at T ～ 1400°C. I and II are characterized by IR and electronic spectroscopy; their electronic spectra are discussed in comparison with those of fourteen other V^III and Cr^III phosphates. This includes a discussion of optical properties of CsCrP₂O₇ changing color from brown to green on change from daylight to artificial light. Some conclusions on the structural arrangement of I and II are drawn.     

Applications of Wavelet Packets in System Identification

As existing facilities / structures are modi.ed, as engineering knowledge advances and as the requirements to extend life increase, industries must demonstrate that operations can continue safely and economically. This is one objective of the Thematic Network SAFERELNET [1], where reassessment strategies are covered. One possibility to enhance the knowledge is an experimental assessment. This study aims to identify system parameters like mass, damping and stiffness of a dynamical system using wavelet packets. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Theorie. Methode

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Two-person insurance negotiation

This paper considers a risk-neutral insurer and a risk-averse individual who bargain over the terms of an insurance contract. The Core and the Nash solution to this bargaining game are characterized. It is shown that the insurer's expected profit is higher when bargaining with a more risk-averse individual.     

Inclusive Δ++ production in K+p interactions at 8.2 and 16 GeV/c

The reaction K⁺p→Δ⁺⁺(1236)+ anything is studied at beam momenta 8.2 and 16 GeV/c and compared with other Δ⁺⁺ producing reactions. We find that the low-mass Δ⁺⁺π^? enhancement affects the shapes of Δ⁺⁺ inclusive distributions. The triple-Regge formula is found to be consistent with the data. Dual properties of this formula are successfully tested.     

SCMTR: a chloride-selective, membrane-anchored peptide channel that exhibits voltage gating

The design, synthesis, and characterization of a synthetic chloride membrane transporter, SCMTR (synthetic chloride membrane transporter, "scimitar"), are presented. The compound [CH3(CH2)17]2NCOCH2OCH2CO-GGGPGGG-OBzl inserts rapidly into liposomes and planar lipid bilayers. SCMTR has a 1.3 +/- 0.01 nS chloride diffusion pathway (>10:1 Cl/K selectivity). Evidence was also obtained for voltage gating behavior.     

Elastic properties of a dilute surfactant solution in the shear induced state

The first normal stress differences N ₁ of a highly dilute cationic surfactant solution are investigated in a cone-and-plate rheometer. In continuation of a previous paper (Nowak 1998), where the buildup of a shear induced structure in such a solution was attained after a reduced deformation, the N ₁ turned out to be in proportion to the square of the shear rate γ˙ reduced by a critical value γ˙ _c in a first range above γ˙ _c . At higher shear rates the N ₁ tend to lower values than predicted by this relation. Relaxation experiments were performed in the same geometry to determine the characteristic time scales of the shear induced state's decay. In the lower range above &γdot; _c the stress decay is a monoexponential process, while a second time constant has to be introduced to describe the relaxation in that range, where the N ₁ deviate from the parabolic dependence of the reduced shear rate. Received: 10 May 1999 Accepted: 15 November 2000