对多油层油田合理开发程序的初步认识

一个油田,在肯定了它们的工业价值、初步探明了油田的分布面积以后,就要着手迅速地将油田投入开发。但是原油储集在地下的岩层中,油层的地质结构是非常复杂的。要合理开发油田,首先要有一个好的开发方案,要按照油田地下的实际情况确定开发方式、划分与组合开发层系、对不同的开发层系采用不同的井网布置和注水方式等等,力争打较少的井数,得到较好的开发效果。     

化妆品中挥发性有机溶剂的通用检测方法

以化妆品配方中常见及禁用的36种有机溶剂为研究模板,建立了化妆品中挥发性有机溶剂残留评价初筛知识库、确证知识库和定量方法。初筛知识库包括双柱保留指数知识库和NIST质谱库。双柱保留指数知识库以保留指数为定性指标,选择极性的VF-1301ms和非极性的DB-5ms两根色谱柱,用顶空气相色谱-质谱法考察了36种有机溶剂在两种色谱分离系统中的保留特性。利用NIST MS search 2.0作为检索工具,同时建立了36种挥发性有机溶剂的顶空气相色谱-质谱定量方法。样品经60 ℃、30 min静态顶空后以连接了VF-1301ms石英毛细管色谱柱的气相色谱-质谱仪检测,外标法定量。方法检出限为0.01~3.3 μg/g,加标回收率为60.77%~126.60%。该方法从通用性的角度,为化妆品中挥发性有机溶剂残留的筛查、鉴别和定量提供方法,部分解决了测定化妆品中挥发性有机溶剂时需要针对不同检测目标建立不同方法以及潜在溶剂存在备选筛查的问题。     

有机杂化硫代碲酸盐化合物（H2en）TeS3和[Ni（en）3]TeS3的溶剂热合成与表征

用低温溶剂热法合成了2种分立结构的有机杂化硫代碲（Ⅳ）酸盐化合物（H₂en）TeS₃（1）和[Ni（en）₃]TeS₃（2）（en=乙二胺）,通过X-射线单晶衍射,红外光谱,元素分析等手段对它们的结构进行了表征。晶体结构解析结果表明：2个化合物均属单斜晶系,空间群分别为P2₁和P2₁/c。化合物1和2具有孤立三角锥[TeS₃]^2-阴离子,化合物1的平衡阳离子为双质子化乙二胺[H₂en]²⁺,阴离子基团[TeS₃]^2-和阳离子基团[H₂en]²⁺之间通过N-H…S氢键连接。化合物2的阳离子基团为过渡金属Ni与乙二胺的配合物[Ni（en）₃]²⁺。另外,对该2种晶体进行了紫外-可见漫反射光谱测试和热重分析。     

单扫描示波极谱法测定药物中的利血生

用单扫描示波极谱法研究了利血生在碱性条件下的分解产物与Cu2 在乙二胺介质中的伏安行为 ,发现其在 - 0 .37V(vs.SCE)处有一灵敏的极谱吸附波 ,其二阶导数波的峰电流ip″大小与利血生浓度在 4.0× 1 0 -7～ 6.0×1 0 -6mol L范围内成线性关系 ,RSD为 1 .0 % ,回收率在 97.9%～ 1 0 3%之间 ,方法的检出限为1 .0× 1 0 -7mol L。探讨了反应机理 ,并用建立的方法测定了片剂中利血生的含量     

8-羟基喹啉衍生化β-环糊精键合硅胶液相色谱固定相的合成与评价

β－环糊精键合硅胶经对甲苯磺酰化后, 与８－羟基喹啉反应得到８－羟基喹啉衍生化β－环糊精键合硅胶固定相（ＱＣＤＳ）． 采用元素分析、热分析及固体核磁波谱对键合固定相进行表征． 考察了ＱＣＤＳ对位置异构体、丹磺酰化氨基酸异构体、苯丙酸类药物和核苷等的分离性能．     

Preparation and Evaluation of Calix[8]arene Bonded Silica Stationary Phase for High Performance Liquid Chromatography

In recent years, calix[n]arenes (n=4,5,6,7,8) as stationary phase have been introduced into the field of chromatography. In our previous works, we have synthesized, characterized and evaluated two different silica-bonded calix[n]arenes (n=4,6) stationary phase, on which the chromatographic behavior of PAHs, positional isomers,nucleosides and bases was investigated. In this paper we report the preparation of calix[8]arene bonded silica stationary phase, and characterization of its structure and chromatographic behavior.     

An analytical approach to reconstruction of axisymmetric defects in pipelines using T(0, 1) guided waves

Torsional guided waves have been widely utilized to inspect the surface corrosion in pipelines due to their simple displacement behaviors and the ability of longrange transmission. Especially, the torsional mode T (0, 1), which is the first order of torsional guided waves, plays the irreplaceable position and role, mainly because of its non-dispersion characteristic property. However, one of the most pressing challenges faced in modern quality inspection is to detect the surface defects in pipelines with a high level of accuracy. Taking into account this situation, a quantitative reconstruction method using the torsional guided wave T (0, 1) is proposed in this paper. The methodology for defect reconstruction consists of three steps. First, the reflection coefficients of the guided wave T (0, 1) scattered by different sizes of axisymmetric defects are calculated using the developed hybrid finite element method (HFEM). Then, applying the boundary integral equation (BIE) and Born approximation, the Fourier transform of the surface defect profile can be analytically derived as the correlative product of reflection coefficients of the torsional guided wave T (0, 1) and the fundamental solution of the intact pipeline in the frequency domain. Finally, reconstruction of defects is precisely performed by the inverse Fourier transform of the product in the frequency domain. Numerical experiments show that the proposed approach is suitable for the detection of surface defects with arbitrary shapes. Meanwhile, the effects of the depth and width of surface defects on the accuracy of defect reconstruction are investigated. It is noted that the reconstructive error is less than 10%, providing that the defect depth is no more than one half of the pipe thickness.     

基于球形压电陶瓷的耐压水听器

利用球形压电陶瓷自身所具有的耐压能力,采用径向极化空气背衬压电球壳换能器作为声学接收敏感元件,设计并制作了一种球形耐压水听器。首先对其低频开路接收灵敏度和谐振频率等声学特性进行了分析和有限元仿真,然后对其强度和稳定性等耐压性能进行了分析和有限元仿真,最后对其声学性能和耐压能力进行了测试。测试表明,该球形耐压水听器的直径为36 mm,工作频段为50 Hz～10 kHz,低频接收灵敏度为-198.4 dB (0 dB=1 V/μPa),等效自噪声谱级为46.5 dB@1 kHz,其耐压深度可达3000 m。该耐压水听器为大深度水听器设计提供了参考,在深水声学领域具有重要的应用价值。     

退色光度法测定痕量Cr(Ⅲ)的研究

基于在ＯＰ存在下,痕量Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）可使萘酚绿Ｂ退色的反应,本文提出了一种应用新的退色光度法测定痕量Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）的方法,该方法线性范围为０．２４－３．００μｇ．ｍＬ＾－１,检出限为２．０５μｇ．ｍＬ＾－１。该方法用于模拟样品的测定,回收率为１００％－１０８％。     

稠环芳烃在烷基膦酸改性锆镁复合氧化物固定相上的反相液相色谱保留行为

以稠环芳烃为探针 ,考察了烷基膦酸改性锆镁复合氧化物材料的反相色谱性能。研究了稠环芳烃类化合物的结构与其保留值的关系 ,比较了烷基膦酸改性锆镁复合氧化物固定相和十八烷基键合硅胶 Zorbax ODS对稠环芳烃异构体的选择性 ,并对可能的保留机理进行了讨论。以甲醇 -水 (体积比为 75∶ 2 5)为流动相 ,在烷基膦酸改性锆镁复合氧化物固定相上分离了 8种稠环芳烃类化合物