FT-IR study of the effect of zinc exposure on the biochemical contents of the muscle of Labeo rohita

Heavy metal pollution is a major environmental problem in the modern world due to increasing human activities. Zinc is an essential element involved in a wide variety of cellular processes. However, it becomes toxic when elevated concentrations are introduced into the environment. The goal of the present study is to investigate the effect of zinc exposure on the biochemical contents of the muscle tissues of freshwater species Labeo rohita using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Since the muscle constitutes the greatest mass of the fish that is consumed, the present study has paid particular attention to muscle component. The result reveals that the zinc exposure causes significant changes in the biochemical contents of the L. rohita muscle tissues. In addition, it causes an alteration in the protein secondary structures by decreasing the α-helix and increasing the β-sheet contents of muscle tissues. Further, it has been observed that the administration of chelating agent D-penicillamine improves the protein and lipid contents in the muscle tissues compared to zinc exposed tissues. This result shows that D-penicillamine is the effective chelator of zinc in reducing the body burden of L. rohita fingerlings.     

A validated Quantitative HPTLC Method for Analysis of Biomarkers in Enicostemma littorale Blume

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - Enicostemma littorale (Chota-Chirayata or Mamejava) is a glabrous perennial herb belonging to the family Gentianaceae. This plant...     

Gravimetric determination and radiochemical separation of palladium(II) with ethyl-α-isonitrosoacetoacetate

The use of ethyl-ga-isonitrosoacetoacetate (HEINA) for determination of palladium is reported. Pd can be estimated quantitatively from 0.5M to 2M HCl solution. Accurate results are obtained in 1M solution with an accuracy better than 1%. Decontamination values against platinum metals and other metals usually associated with Pd are greater than 10⁵. The time required for gravimetric determination is about an hour, for radiochemical separation about 25 min and the recovery is better than 90%.     

Donepezilium oxalate trihydrate,a therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's disease

Donepezil, a cholinesterase inhibitor with good central nervous system penetration, has been crystallized as a tertiary amine salt with a disordered oxalate anion to give the title compound, (R,S)‐1‐benzyl‐4‐[(5,6‐dimethoxy‐1‐oxoindan‐2‐yl)methyl]piperidinium hydrogen oxalate trihydrate, C₂₄H₃₀NO₃⁺·C₂HO₄⁻·3H₂O. The indanone and piperidine ring planes are inclined at an angle of 33.4 (1)°. A comparison is made with the piperidinium cation bound in acetyl­cholinesterase in the solid state. The methyl­ene units bridging the indanone–piperidine–benzyl groups determine the mol­ecular shape and conformational features. The structure is stabilized mainly by O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, with water mol­ecules mediating inter­actions between oxalate anions and donepezilium cations.     

Development of ion chromatography and capillary electrophoresis methods for the determination of Li in Li–Al alloy

Two methods were developed for determination Li content in Li–Al alloy by employing ion chromatography (IC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) without any prior separation of Al matrix. In absence of suitable certified reference material the two methods were used to validate each other. Using a high capacity column and a weaker eluent methane sulphonic acid, it was possible to separate Li in IC without eluting strongly retained Al. The method showed good precision and sensitivity and was extended for analysis of routine samples. In the case of CE using imidazole as co-ion, Li was detected in CE by indirect detection. In view of no interference from Al, samples were analyzed without any matrix separation. The CE method was used successfully for sample analysis and results were compared with IC results.     

Ligand-free C–N bond formation in aqueous medium using a reusable Cu–Mn bimetallic catalyst

A general ligand-free protocol has been described for the recyclable and reusable Cu–Mn catalyzed C–N bond forming cross coupling reaction of arylboronic acids with various amines to form N-arylated amine products in aqueous medium affording excellent yields under ambient conditions, in 3–4 h.     

Preparation,thermal, XRD,chemical and FTIR spectral analysis of NiMn<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> nanoparticles and respective precursor

Samples of water based commercial acrylic resin paints were spread in a film form on slides, dried at room temperature and exposed to solar radiation for up to eight months. The characterization and quantification of resins and charges in the white paint emulsion were carried out for the thermal decomposition. Besides this, X-ray diffractometry was used to identify CaCO₃ as charge and TiO₂ (rutile phase) as pigment. It was observed through thermal techniques similar behavior to the samples even though with varied exposure time. Kinetic studies of the samples allowed to obtain the activation energy (E _a) and Arrhenius parameters (A) to the thermal decomposition of acrylic resin to three different commercial emulsion (called P₁, P₂, P₃) through non-isothermal procedures. The values of E _a varied regarding the exposition time (eight months) and solar radiation from 173 to 197 kJ mol⁻¹ (P₁ sample), from 175 to 226 kJ mol⁻¹ (P₂ sample) and 206 to 197 kJ mol⁻¹ (P₃ sample). Kinetic Compensation Effect (KCE) observed for samples P₂ and P₃ indicate acrylic resin s present in these may be similar in nature. This aspect could be observed by a small difference in the thermal behavior of the TG curves from P₁ to P₂ and P₃ sample. The simulated kinetic model to all the samples was the autocatalytic Šesták-Berggreen.     

Potentiometric studies on aqueous fluoride complexes of actinides: Stability constants of Th(IV)-, U(IV)-, Np(IV)- and Pu(IV)-fluorides

The extraction behaviour of Th(IV) and U(VI) in extraction chromatography has been investigated on the basis of partition and infrared studies. The stationary phase was purified undiluted TBP supported on Amberlite XAD-4 and the mobile phase was nitric acid. The results have shown that the equilibria for the extraction of Th(IV) and U(VI) by the TBP/XAD-4 resin agreed very closely with those in solvent extraction.     

Manganese(II), cobalt(II) and nickel(II) complexes with 2-phenyl-3-(benzylamino)-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4(3H)-one,pseudohalides and some bidentate N-donor ligands

Some mixed ligand complexes of the type [M(L)(en or phen)(X)₂]; where M = Mn(II), Co(II) or Ni(II); L = 2-phenyl-3-(benzylamino)-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4(3H)-one; en = ethylenediamine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; X = N₃ ⁻ or NCS⁻ have been prepared. All the complexes were characterized by physico-chemical, spectroscopic and thermal studies. On the basis of electronic spectra and magnetic susceptibility measurements, an octahedral geometry has been proposed for all the complexes. The phen complexes are thermally more stable than the en complexes. The electrochemical behavior of the Ni(II) complexes showed that the complexes of phen are reduced at more positive potential compared to the corresponding en complexes.