全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1229篇 |
免费 | 46篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 919篇 |
晶体学 | 15篇 |
力学 | 14篇 |
数学 | 122篇 |
物理学 | 208篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 13篇 |
2021年 | 19篇 |
2020年 | 9篇 |
2019年 | 21篇 |
2018年 | 17篇 |
2017年 | 14篇 |
2016年 | 28篇 |
2015年 | 21篇 |
2014年 | 17篇 |
2013年 | 57篇 |
2012年 | 70篇 |
2011年 | 68篇 |
2010年 | 46篇 |
2009年 | 61篇 |
2008年 | 79篇 |
2007年 | 82篇 |
2006年 | 83篇 |
2005年 | 72篇 |
2004年 | 57篇 |
2003年 | 60篇 |
2002年 | 44篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 18篇 |
1999年 | 16篇 |
1998年 | 18篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 18篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有1278条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
We report the synthesis of phenyl‐capped oligothiophenes via improved synthetic schemes. These schemes are based on the Grignard coupling reaction and enable us to obtain the target compounds at high yields. The resulting materials have been fully characterized through nmr and ir spectroscopies. The ir analysis is particularly useful in characterizing the materials of higher molecular weight, since those materials are difficult to dissolve in organic solvent. We also show an improvement on preparation of halogenated (oligo)thiophenes that are used as intermediates for synthesizing the target compounds. An alternative synthetic route to the phenyl‐capped oligothiophenes that utilizes the Suzuki coupling reaction is presented as well. 相似文献
112.
Palladium nanoparticles stabilized by a polyion complex composed of poly{4-chloromethylstyrene-co-(4-vinylbenzyl) tributylammonium chloride} and poly(acrylic acid) were easily recovered by filtration after pH treatment. The polyion complex stabilized palladium nanoparticles have high catalytic activity for the Suzuki and Heck reactions in water. 相似文献
113.
114.
Hidekazu Kumano Satoshi Kimura Michiaki Endo Ikuo Suemune Hirotaka Sasakura Satoru Adachi Shunichi Muto Hai Zhi Song Shinichi Hirose Tatsuya Usuki 《Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures》2006,32(1-2):144
Triggered single-photon generation from InAlAs quantum dot (QD) was demonstrated for the first time. Emitted photon energy coincides with high detection efficiency range of Si single-photon detectors, which is highly suitable for free-space communication. Single-QD spectroscopy and crossed photon correlation measurements unambiguously revealed that several emitting lines observed in a single mesa structure originated from the identical QD, and two temporary competing decay processes associated with neutral states and charged states were identified. Presence of the competing process is also inferred from an analysis of steady-state photoluminescence intensities. Formation process of charged exciton in QD is also discussed. 相似文献
115.
116.
The synthesis of a variety of organotin compounds with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H‐perfluorooctyl groups is reported, together with an improved method for the corresponding distannoxane. Unique properties of this compound are disclosed in terms of fluorophilicity and activity as a Lewis acid catalyst in comparison with other mono‐nuclear derivatives. A new criterion for obtaining high solubility in fluorocarbon solvents is presented. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
117.
We show a descent method for submodular function minimization based on an oracle for membership in base polyhedra. We assume
that for any submodular function f: ?→R on a distributive lattice ?⊆2
V
with ?,V∈? and f(?)=0 and for any vector x∈R
V
where V is a finite nonempty set, the membership oracle answers whether x belongs to the base polyhedron associated with f and that if the answer is NO, it also gives us a set Z∈? such that x(Z)>f(Z). Given a submodular function f, by invoking the membership oracle O(|V|2) times, the descent method finds a sequence of subsets Z
1,Z
2,···,Z
k
of V such that f(Z
1)>f(Z
2)>···>f(Z
k
)=min{f(Y) | Y∈?}, where k is O(|V|2). The method furnishes an alternative framework for submodular function minimization if combined with possible efficient
membership algorithms.
Received: September 9, 2001 / Accepted: October 15, 2001?Published online December 6, 2001 相似文献
118.
Background
The anesthetic drug ketamine (KT) has been reported to be an abused drug and fatal cases have been observed in polydrug users. In the present study, considering the possibility of KT-enhanced toxic effects of other drugs, and KT-induced promotion of an overdose without making the subject aware of the danger due to the attenuation of several painful subjective symptoms, the intraperitoneal (i.p.) KT-induced alterations in behaviors and toxic interactions with popular co-abused drugs, the psychostimulants cocaine (COC) and methamphetamine (MA), were examined in ICR mice. 相似文献119.
The effects of the homogeneity of precursor non-crystalline Pb---Ti---O gels on their transformation to crystalline PbTiO3 were studied. Hydrous gels were prepared via two different routes, i.e., (i) mixing two unitary sols (MS), and (ii) co-precipitation (CP). Mechanical pretreatment was also carried out, primarily for the purpose of homogenization. The local homogeneity was evaluated by elementary microanalysis using a transmission electron microscope. The process of ball-milling the MS gel for 3 h improved its homogeneity only slightly. However, the homogeneity of the ball-milled MS gel suddenly increased to that of the CP gel on subsequent heating to a temperature as low as 483 K. This type of thermal homogenization was not observed for the unground MS gel. The evaporation of lead monoxide on further heating to 1023 K was also suppressed by preliminary ball-milling. All these results suggest that the ionic migration and the formation of Pb---O---Ti bonds in the gels take place during the mechanical activation with the aid of OH groups. 相似文献
120.
meso‐Dibenzoporphycene has a Large Bathochromic Shift and a Porphycene Framework with an Unusual cis Tautomeric Form
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Dr. Koji Oohora Ayumu Ogawa Tamaki Fukuda Dr. Akira Onoda Prof. Dr. Jun‐ya Hasegawa Prof. Dr. Takashi Hayashi 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(21):6227-6230
meso‐Monobenzoporphycene (mMBPc) and meso‐dibenzoporphycene (mDBPc), in which one or two benzene moieties are fused at ethylene‐bridged positions (meso‐positions) of porphycene, were prepared in an effort to further delocalize the π‐electrons within the porphycene molecule. mMBPc and mDBPc were fully characterized by mass spectrometry, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and X‐ray crystallography. The longest‐wavelength Q‐bands of mMBPc and mDBPc are red‐shifted by 92 nm and 418 nm, respectively, compared to that of the unsubstituted porphycene (Pc). Electrochemical measurements indicate that the HOMO is destabilized and the LUMO is stabilized by the fused benzene moieties at the meso positions. Furthermore, both XPS and theoretical studies support the presence of a cis tautomeric form in the ground state of mDBPc, despite the fact that essentially all known porphycene derivatives adopt the trans tautomeric form. 相似文献