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61.
Eric A. Butcher Maen Sari Ed Bueler Tim Carlson 《Communications in Nonlinear Science & Numerical Simulation》2009,14(12):4226-4245
Magnus’ expansion solves the nonlinear Hausdorff equation associated with a linear time-varying system of ordinary differential equations by forming the matrix exponential of a series of integrated commutators of the matrix-valued coefficient. Instead of expanding the fundamental solution itself, that is, the logarithm is expanded. Within some finite interval in the time variable, such an expansion converges faster than direct methods like Picard iteration and it preserves symmetries of the ODE system, if present. For time-periodic systems, Magnus expansion, in some cases, allows one to symbolically approximate the logarithm of the Floquet transition matrix (monodromy matrix) in terms of parameters. Although it has been successfully used as a numerical tool, this use of the Magnus expansion is new. Here we use a version of Magnus’ expansion due to Iserles [Iserles A. Expansions that grow on trees. Not Am Math Soc 2002;49:430–40], who reordered the terms of Magnus’ expansion for more efficient computation. Though much about the convergence of the Magnus expansion is not known, we explore the convergence of the expansion and apply known convergence estimates. We discuss the possible benefits to using it for time-periodic systems, and we demonstrate the expansion on several examples of periodic systems through the use of a computer algebra system, showing how the convergence depends on parameters. 相似文献
62.
E. Ozturk H. Sari Y. Ergun I. Sokmen 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2005,80(1):167-171
For the uniform donor distribution we have theoretically investigated the influence of the separation between the adjacent two doping layers on the electronic structure of the triple Si -doped GaAs, at T=0 K. To find the subband structure of the triple -doped quantum well we have solved self-consistently both Schrödinger and Poisson equations. From our calculations, we have seen that the electronic properties of triple Si -doped GaAs structure depend strongly on the spacer thickness between the adjacent two doping layers. In this study, we can estimate that the mobility in closely spaced triple -doped GaAs structures is very high compared to single -doped structures because of the overlap between the electron wave function and the ionized scattering centres in single -doped structures. PACS 73.90.+f 相似文献
63.
64.
Kubra Koyuncu H. Ibrahim Unal O. Yunus Gumus Ozlem Erol Bekir Sari Turgay Ergin 《先进技术聚合物》2012,23(11):1464-1472
In this study, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), polyindole (PIN), and PVC/PIN conducting composites having five different compositions were used. Particle sizes, densities, dielectric constants, and sedimentation ratios of the materials were determined. The zeta‐potentials of the samples were measured in aqueous and nonaqueous (silicone oil [SO]) media. The dispersions prepared in SO were subjected to external electric field strength, and their electrorheological properties were investigated. Then the effects of dispersed particle volume fraction, shear rate, external electric field strength, frequency, and temperature onto electrorheological activities of the dispersions were examined. Further, creep and creep‐recovery tests were applied to the PIN/SO and PVC/PIN/SO dispersions, and reversible viscoelastic deformations were observed. Finally, the vibration damping capacity of PVC (66%)/PIN (34%)/SO dispersion system was tested by using an automobile shock absorber. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
65.
The terpolymerization of acryionitrile, styrene, and pentabromophenyl acrylate in dimethylformamide solution was investigated. Experimental terpolymerization data agreed well with calculations using the Alfrey-Goldfinger equation. The relationship between monomer feed and terpolymer compositions are presented on triangular coordinate graphs, and the lines of unique and the lines of binary azeotropic composition were identified. No point of true ternary azeotropic composition was found but a “pseudoazeotropic” region was identified. The experimental results of the terpolymerization agreed well with the theoretical curves over a wide range of monomer composition up to high conversions. The influence of pentabromophenyl acrylate units on the thermal and flammability characteristics of the terpolymers are described. 相似文献
66.
This study investigated the properties of immobilized β-galactosidase on polymeric beads having Schiff base. Polystyrene microspheres attached L-Alanine (FMPS-Ala) was synthesized from (4-formyl-3-methoxyphenoxymethyl)polystyrene (FMPS) and L-alanine by condensation. A coordinasyon polymer involving Ni2+(FMPS-Ala-Ni) was produced with the template method and characterized. β-galactosidase was immobilized onto the (FMPS), (FMPS-Ala) and (FMPS-Ala-Ni) complexes via covalent bonds. The Km/Vmax values were calculated as 0.343 mM/0.0259 mM min?1for free β-galactosidase and 0.104 mM/0.0126 mM min?1, 0.0617 mM/0.0417 mM min?1and 0.210 mM/0.0287 mM min?1for β-galactosidase immobilized to the (FMPS), (FMPS-Ala) and (FMPS-Ala-Ni) supports, respectively. The storage stability of (FMPS-Ala-Ni) was determined to be higher than that of the (FMPS) and (FMPS-Ala) polymers. 相似文献
67.
Determination of xylo-oligosaccharides in enzymatically hydrolysed pulp by liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sari Metsämuuronen Katja Lyytikäinen Kaj Backfolk Heli Sirén 《Cellulose (London, England)》2013,20(3):1121-1133
Three different commercial β-1,4-endoxylanase preparations were used to hydrolyze bleached kraft pulp. Xylo-oligosaccharides in the produced filtrates were separated and quantified using both high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE). All the determinations were performed without sample derivatization. The analytical methods were used to highlight the differences between the enzymes behaviour in terms of hydrolysates, but also to estimate the productivity of xylo-oligosaccharides from kraft pulp when the bleached material would be used in biorefining industry. The research showed that the glycosyl hydrolase family 10 enzyme produced by Aspergillus oryzae released xylobiose and xylotriose from the pulp material. The major oligosaccharides released by the family 11 enzyme produced by Bacillus sp. were xylotriose, xylobiose and xylotetraose. On the contrary, another family 11 enzyme produced by A. oryzae produced also xylose. The HPLC results agreed well with the xylose concentrations obtained after acid hydrolysis. The CE data showed the same trend, but much lower concentrations were identified than with HPLC. At the same time the HPLC method was able to separate only small oligosaccharides, whereas CE could be used for separation of all the xylo-oligosaccharides from xylobiose to xylohexaose. The highest xylo-oligosaccharide yield was achieved with Shearzyme at pH 5 corresponding to 22 % of total xylan from bleached birch kraft pulp. 相似文献
68.
C. A. Duque M. E. Mora-Ramos E. Kasapoglu H. Sari I. Sökmen 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2011,81(4):441-449
In this work are studied the intense laser effects on the impurity states in GaAs-Ga1−
x
Al
x
As quantum wells under applied electric and magnetic fields. The electric field is taken oriented along the growth direction
of the quantum well whereas the magnetic field is considered to be in-plane. The calculations are made within the effective
mass and parabolic band approximations. The intense laser effects have been included through the Floquet method by modifying
the confinement potential associated to the heterostructure. The results are presented for several configurations of the dimensions
of the quantum well, the position of the impurity atom, the applied electric and magnetic fields, and the incident intense
laser radiation. The results suggest that for fixed geometry setups in the system, the binding energy is a decreasing function
of the electric field intensity while a dual monotonic behavior is detected when it varies with the magnitude of an applied
magnetic field, according to the intensity of the laser field radiation. 相似文献
69.
E. Kasapoglu C. A. Duque H. Sari I. Sökmen 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2011,82(1):13-17
By using the compact-density matrix approach, the effect of a nonresonant
intense laser field on the linear and nonlinear optical absorptions based on
intersubband transitions and the refractive index changes in an asymmetric
semiconductor quantum well have been presented. Our results show that the
peak position of the absorption coefficient is sensitive to intense laser
field, the absorption maximum shifts towards lower energies for increasing
intense laser field value. Also we observe as the intense laser field
strength increases, the total refractive index change has been increased in
magnitude and also shifted towards lower energies. The results indicate that
linear and nonlinear optical properties of the low dimensional semiconductor
heterostructures can be adjusted in a desired energy range by using intense
laser field. 相似文献
70.