Cellulose-synthesizing machinery in bacteria

Cellulose - Cellulose is produced by all plants and a number of other organisms, including bacteria. The most representative cellulose-producing bacterial species is Gluconacetobacter xylinus, an...     

Thermodynamic study on the interaction of imidazolium salts and POE-type nonionic surfactant in the adsorbed film

The composition of the adsorbed film and the excess Gibbs energy of adsorption $ {\widehat{g}}^{\mathrm{H},\mathrm{E}} $ were evaluated from thermodynamic analysis of surface tensions for the 1-decyl-3-methylimidazoulium bromide (C₁₀mimBr)–tetraethylene glycol monooctyl ether (C₈E₄) and 1-decyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluorobrorate (C₁₀mimBF₄)–C₈E₄ systems, where the counter anion of imidazolium salts is different from each other. The higher miscibility of two components compared to an ideal mixing and thus negative $ {\widehat{g}}^{\mathrm{H},\mathrm{E}} $ were observed in the former, which comes from the ion–dipole interaction between imidazolium cation and the oxyethylene group of C₈E₄. On the other hand, the lower miscibility and thus positive $ {\widehat{g}}^{\mathrm{H},\mathrm{E}} $ were observed for the latter. Such differences were attributed to that BF₄ ^? forms two hydrogen bonds and has stronger affinity with the cationic head group of C₁₀mim⁺ than Br^?. This results in that the ion–dipole interaction between C₈E₄ and C₁₀mim⁺ cation is diminished in the C₁₀mimBF₄–C₈E₄ system.     

Multiple Fused Anthracenes as Helical Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Motif for Chiroptical Performance Enhancement

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons consisting of three fused anthracene units were designed as new π‐conjugated compounds having helical structures. These expanded helicenes were synthesized by Pt‐catalyzed cycloisomerization of the corresponding ethynyl‐substituted precursors. The nonplanar and helical structure was confirmed by X‐ray analysis and DFT calculations, and the barrier to helical inversion was estimated to be 34 kJ mol^?1. The enantiomers of the diphenyl derivative were successfully resolved by chiral HPLC. Enantiopure samples showed good chiroptical performance in the CD (|Δ?| 1380 L mol^?1 cm^?1) and CPL (|g_lum| 0.013) spectra, and these values were considerably large for simple organic molecules. The unique chiroptical properties are discussed on the basis of the molecular structure and the electronic state with the aid of time‐dependent DFT calculations.     

Front Cover: Enhancement of Chiroptical Responses of trans‐Bis[(β‐iminomethyl)naphthoxy]platinum(II) Complexes with Distorted Square Planar Coordination Geometry (ChemistryOpen 4/2022)

The Front Cover shows the comparison of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) properties of square planar platinum(II) complexes with different coordination geometries. Computational studies have revealed that the distortion of the coordination geometry is key to enhancement of the chiroptical responses of these compounds. More information can be found in the Research Article by Masahiro Ikeshita et al.     

Intermolecular Halogen Bond Detected in Racemic and Optically Pure N-C Axially Chiral 3-(2-Halophenyl)quinazoline-4-thione Derivatives

The halogen bond has been widely used as an important supramolecular tool in various research areas. However, there are relatively few studies on halogen bonding related to molecular chirality. 3-(2-Halophenyl)quinazoline-4-thione derivatives have stable atropisomeric structures due to the rotational restriction around an N-C single bond. In X-ray single crystal structures of the racemic and optically pure N-C axially chiral quinazoline-4-thiones, we found that different types of intermolecular halogen bonds (C=S⋯X) are formed. That is, in the racemic crystals, the intermolecular halogen bond between the ortho-halogen atom and sulfur atom was found to be oriented in a periplanar conformation toward the thiocarbonyl plane, leading to a syndiotactic zig-zag array. On the other hand, the halogen bond in the enantiomerically pure crystals was oriented orthogonally toward the thiocarbonyl plane, resulting in the formation of a homochiral dimer. These results indicate that the corresponding racemic and optically pure forms in chiral molecules are expected to display different halogen bonding properties, respectively, and should be separately studied as different chemical entities.