铁卟啉/钒取代杂多酸新型催化剂的合成、表征和性能研究

文章以水溶性碘化四对(4-三甲氨基苯基)铁卟啉和钒取代杂多酸H5PMo10V2O40为原料,采用离子交换方法在水溶液中合成了一种铁卟啉/钒取代杂多酸新型无机-有机复合催化剂,并使用红外和紫外光谱技术对其结构进行了表征,结果表明,这种新型复合催化剂仍然保持着卟啉的大环共轭结构和杂多酸的笼状多电子结构。同时研究了以30%过氧化氢水溶液为绿色氧化剂,初步探讨了这种铁卟啉杂多酸催化剂对苯的羟基化反应的的影响,考察了催化剂的催化活性。催化氧化实验表明,制备的铁卟啉/杂多酸配合物可用作苯直接氧化羟基化成苯酚的催化剂,并且表现出较高的催化活性。     

基于空间光调制器的波面重建优化方法研究

针对不同非球面面形的实时检测需求,研究了基于空间光调制器的标准波面重建技术.基于空间光调制器波面重建的原理设计了干涉测量系统,依据空间光调制器的自身特点选取修正离轴计算全息编码方式实现对标准球波面的编码.针对实验中空间光调制器作为全息再现介质引起重建波面质量下降问题,提出了错位叠加优化方案,并将这一过程进行了模拟实验....     

Dynamically Broken Supergauge Symmetries

The dynamical breaking of the supergauge symmetries in the massless supergauge Wess Zumino model isdiscussed without adding the Fayet-Iliopoulos term to the Lagrangian. It is shown, in terms of the Nambu-Jona-Lasiniomechanism, that the supersymmetry breaking and the gauge symmetry breaking can be realized dynamically. It is alsoshown that the dynamical breaking moves the vacuum expectation values of two scalar fields away from zero. In order torestore the symmetry of the vacuum, one of the two scalar fields is translated and at the same time the mass spectrumis changed too.     

高压沿面放电烟气脱硫技术动态实验研究

本文针对高压沿面放电活化气体的烟气脱硫技术,在静态实验研究的基础上进行了实验室冷态动态的实验研究。设计了便于反应和测量的动态实验装置。实验解释了电子束法脱硫技术中导致氨气泄漏的部分原因,验证了高压沿面放电脱硫技术可以在较低的运行电压下,达到提高脱硫效率,减少氨气泄漏的作用。     

极紫外平场光栅光谱仪的研制和性能测试

研制了一台高分辨率极紫外光谱仪,用于磁约束等离子体诊断。采用一块具有平场特性的全息球面变线距光栅作为分光元件,光栅公称线密度为1 200 lines·mm-1,掠入射角为3°。一台可深度制冷、背照式面阵CCD作为光谱探测器,用机械快门控制曝光时间。通过CCD在光谱聚焦面的移动,可以记录的光谱范围为5～50 nm。用Penning放电光源测试了光谱仪的性能; 利用光源的标准谱线,进行了波长标定,波长精度为0.003 nm,并计算出系统各参数的实际值;当入缝宽度设置为30 μm时,在20 nm附近,光谱分辨率达0.015 nm,达到设计指标。     

玉米品种近红外光谱鉴别技术中的参数漂移问题研究

以13个玉米品种鉴别为研究对象,提出了一种解决光谱仪参数漂移问题的有效方法。使用同一台光谱仪分不同时间重复采集数据,用一天数据建模,其余测试,发现不同时间采集的数据有较大偏移,严重时正确识别率仅为7.69%。为此,提出一种有监督学习特征提取的多天联合建模方法,首先挑选具有代表性的多个时间段样本数据共同组成建模集,其次采用PLS+LDA特征提取算法,提取出与仪器参数漂移无关的品种特征信息, 然后采用BPR方法建立品种鉴别模型。实验结果表明,该方法对于不同时间数据的偏移均能有较好的校正效果,得到较高的识别率和稳定性。     

Low Dimension Dynamics in the EPRB Experiment with Random Variable Analyzers

The Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen–Bohm (EPRB) experiment performed with random variable and spatially separated analyzers is a milestone test in the controversy between Objective Local Theories (OLT) and Quantum Mechanics (QM). Only a few OLT are still possible. Some of the surviving OLT (specifically, the so called non-ergodic theories) would be undetectable in the averaged statistical values, but they may leave their trace in the time dynamics. For, while QM predicts random processes, the OLT of this kind predict the existence of regularities that may be revealed as a low dimensional object in the phase space. We perform a numerical analysis of the time-resolved data recorded in that experiment to unveil any hypothetical low dimensional dynamics that may be present. We find no consistent indication of such dynamics except for one data file, the longest of all in the real time. The possible causes of these dynamics are discussed.      

Numerical Complexiton Solutions of Complex KdV Equation

In this paper, we directly extend the applications of the Adomian decomposition method to investigate the complex KdV equation. By choosing different forms of wave functions as the initial values, three new types of realistic numerical solutions： numerical positon, negaton solution, and particularly the numerical analytical complexiton solution are obtained, which can rapidly converge to the exact ones obtained by Lou et al. Numerical simulation figures are used to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.     

甲烷红外吸收光谱原理与处理技术分析

由于工业监控和环境检测的需要,基于红外吸收光谱分析原理,研制甲烷传感系统,日益得到人们的关注。文章描绘了甲烷中红外的基频吸收带和近红外的ν₂+2ν₃组合带、2ν₃泛频带的吸收光谱强度分布,并给出了相应的吸收光谱曲线。定量数据表明,甲烷的基频吸收要比泛频吸收高两个数量级以上,较组合频吸收高3个数量级以上。文章还介绍了甲烷检测的差分技术、谐波技术、腔光谱增强技术、以及光声技术,给出了相应检测方法的理论公式、能够达到的检测灵敏度以及系统的结构。这些技术的有效性已经被研究报道所证明。     

Self-Injection and Acceleration of Monoenergetic Electron Beams from Laser Wakefield Accelerators in a Highly Relativistic Regime

Self-injection and acceleration of monoenergetic electron beams from laser wakefield accelerators are first investigated in the highly relativistic regime, using 100 TW class, 27 fs laser pulses. Quasi-monoenergetic multi- bunched beams with energies as high as multi-hundredMeV are observed with simultaneous measurements of side-scattering emissions that indicate the formation of self-channelfing and self-injection of electrons into a plasma wake, referred to as a ＇bubble＇. The three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations confirmed multiple self-injection of electron bunches into the bubble and their beam acceleration with gradient of 1.5 GeV/cm.