Validated Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Gemifloxacin and H2‐receptor Antagonists in Bulk,Pharmaceutical Formulations and Human Serum by RP‐HPLC; In‐vitro Applications

Simple, isocratic and rapid RP‐HPLC method has been developed for the simultaneous analysis of gemifloxacin and H₂‐receptor antagonists i.e. Cimetidine, Famotidine and Ranitidine, in bulk, pharmaceutical formulation and human serum. Separation was achieved on the RP‐Mediterranea column [C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μ)] at ambient temperature using mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile: methanol: water (20:28:52 v/v/v pH 2.8 adjusted by phosphoric acid). Flow rate was 1.0 mL/min with an average operating pressure of 180 kg/cm². Gatifloxacin (GATI) was used as an internal standard (IS). Quantitation was achieved with UV detection at 221, 256 and 267 nm, respectively. Linear calibration curves, at concentration ranges of 0.05‐37.5 μgmL^‐L with a correlation coefficient of ±0.9994. The detection and quantification limits were in the ranges of 0.023‐0.250 μgmL^‐L and 0.071‐0.756 μgmL^‐L, respectively. Friedman's and Student's t‐test were applied to correlate these results. Method was validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, precision, robustness, recovery, limits of detection and quantitation and is applicable to the routine analysis of GFX and H₂‐receptor antagonists, alone or in combination.     

Unprecedented isolation of a dinuclear tin (II) complex stabilized by pyridine‐2,6‐dimethanol: structure,DFT and in vitro screening of cytotoxic properties

In this work, we report a novel dinuclear Sn (II) complex, [Sn₂(Hpdm)₂(H₂O)₆] 2H₂O 2Cl ( 1 ) (H₂pdm = pyridine‐2,6‐dimethanol), which has been crystallized out and characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, single crystal X‐ray studies and Density Functional Theory (DFT) analysis. X‐ray structure of 1 has confirmed it to be a dinuclear alkoxo‐bridged Sn (II) species where each metal adopts a seven coordinate distorted pentagonal bipyramidal (pbp) geometry. This is the first hepta‐coordinated Sn (II) complex ever isolated apart from already reported stannylenes. Spin density plots from DFT support the +2 oxidation state of each tin metal. Hirshfeld surface analysis reveals the presence of various H‐bonding interactions in the molecule and molecular docking results along with DFT confirm higher binding affinity of the present complex towards DNA. Moreover, the complex exhibits promising anticancer activities against HeLa and A549 cancer cell lines.     

Validation of an MPC Polymer Coating to Attenuate Surface‐Induced Crosstalk between the Complement and Coagulation Systems in Whole Blood in In Vitro and In Vivo Models

Artificial surfaces that come into contact with blood induce an immediate activation of the cascade systems of the blood, leading to a thrombotic and/or inflammatory response that can eventually cause damage to the biomaterial or the patient, or to both. Heparin coating has been used to improve hemocompatibility, and another approach is 2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)‐based polymer coatings. Here, the aim is to evaluate the hemocompatibility of MPC polymer coating by studying the interactions with coagulation and complement systems using human blood in vitro model and pig in vivo model. The stability of the coatings is investigated in vitro and MPC polymer‐coated catheters are tested in vivo by insertion into the external jugular vein of pigs to monitor the catheters' antithrombotic properties. There is no significant activation of platelets or of the coagulation and complement systems in the MPC polymer‐coated one, which was superior in hemocompatibility to non‐coated matrix surfaces. The protective effect of the MPC polymer coat does not decline after incubation in human plasma for up to 2 weeks. With MPC polymer‐coated catheters, it is possible to easily draw blood from pig for 4 days in contrast to the case for non‐coated catheters, in which substantial clotting is seen.     

An existence result for the generalized vector equilibrium problem

In this paper, we prove an existence result for the generalized vector equilibrium problem by using Fan-Browder type fixed-point theorem due to [1].     

Numerical solution of Bloch–Gruneisen function to determine the contribution of electron–phonon interaction in polycrystalline MgB2 superconductor

Here, we report the efficient and feasible analytical method for the generalized Bloch–Gruneisen law in association with Debye temperature and various temperatures range in terms of incomplete gamma function. In addition, our results are in agreement with previous reports as shown in this letter. Bloch–Gruneisen function describes the contribution of electron–phonon interaction to the results of temperature dependence behavior of resistivity for integer and noninteger values of index m. In conclusion, the algorithm is constructed in Fortran 90 language for replicate the variation of temperature dependence of resistivity for pristine MgB₂ sample. Moreover, the comparison of numerical results with the proposed method reveals the validity and precision of the method.     

Homogeneous Oxidation of Alcohols by Copper Permanganate

An improved protocol for the oxidation of sec. alcohols by copper permanganate is described by carrying out the reaction in a homogeneous medium (acetic acid), affording rapid and complete conversion to the ketones.     

Hybrid viscosity approach for hierarchical fixed-point problems

Abstract

In this paper, we propose hybrid implicit and explicit viscosity iterative algorithms for solving general hierarchical fixed-point problems for a countable family of non-expansive mappings in uniformly smooth Banach spaces. These hybrid viscosity algorithms are based on the well-known viscosity approximation method and hybrid steepest-descent method. We obtain some strong convergence theorems under suitable conditions. Our results extend, improve, supplement and develop the recent results in the literature.     

Density and viscosity of α-amino acids in aqueous solutions of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide

The densities and viscosities of aqueous solution of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (0.01 mol kg⁻¹) (CTAB) and solutions of CTAB containing amino acids, viz., glycine, l-serine, and l-valine (0.01–0.05 mol kg⁻¹), were determined in the temperature range 298.15—313.15 K. Apparent molar volumes of the amino acids were calculated from the density and viscosity values. The calculated apparent molar volumes were used to calculate standard partial molar volumes (-V ₂⁰) and standard partial molar volumes of transfer of amino acids from water to an aqueous solution of CTAB. The viscosity values were used for the calculation of the viscosity coefficients A and B in the Jones—Dole equation. The linear dependences of -V ₂⁰ and B on the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chains of the amino acids were found. The results obtained were used in analysis of hydrophilic-hydrophilic, hydrophilic-hydrophobic, and hydrophobic-hydrophobic interactions that occur during dissolution of amino acids in an aqueous solution of CTAB.