HPLC-Based Automated Synthesis of Glycans in Solution

As the 21^st century unfolds with rapid changes, new challenges in research and development emerge. These new challenges prompted us to repurpose our HPLC−A platform that was previously used in solid phase glycan synthesis to a solution phase batch synthesis described herein. The modular character of HPLC allows for implementing new attachments. To enable sequential synthesis of multiple oligosaccharides with the single press of a button, we supplemented our system with a four-way split valve and an automated fraction collector. This enabled the operator to load all reagents and all reactants in the autosampler, press the button to start the repetitive automation sequence, leave the lab, and upon return find products of multiple reactions ready for purification, analysis, and subsequent application.     

Density of the Extremal Solutions for a Class of Second Order Boundary Value Problem

In this paper, we prove a theorem on the existence of extremal solutions to a second-order differential inclusion with boundary conditions, governed by the subdifferential of a convex function. We also show that the extremal solutions set is dense in the solutions set of the original problem.     

Theoretical study on thermal behavior of passively Q-switched microchip Nd:YAG laser

This study deals with the thermal characterization of a continuous wave (CW-) and end-pumped passively Q-switched microchip Nd:YAG laser crystal by solving the rate and heat transfer equations in the laser cavity. In this approach, a parametric study has been performed to investigate the influence of the pumping parameters, cooling metal dimension and also the crystal dimension and doping concentration on the thermal behavior of the laser crystal. Obtained results reveal a closed correlation between the mentioned parameters and the thermal behavior of the crystal indicating that a proper selection of the laser parameters is essential to control the crystal's temperature and improve the performance of the laser accordingly.     

Zinc Chloride Anhydrous as New and Effective Catalyst for Conversion of Ketones and Aldehydes to Corresponding Gem‐dihydroperoxides

Zinc chloride anhydrous has been used as an efficient and new catalyst for conversion of ketones and aldehydes to corresponding gem‐dihydroperoxides by aqueous hydrogen peroxide (30%) in room temperature with excellent yields and notable reaction times.     

Thermodynamic study of antimony chalcoiodides by EMF method with an ionic liquid

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - A combination of sol–gel Pechini method and flame synthesis was used to prepare yttrium aluminate glass microspheres with the garnet composition...     

Effect of promoter on selective hydrogenation of furfural over Cu-Cr/TiO2 catalyst

The selective hydrogenation of furfural has been investigated over the titania-supported monometallic (Cu) and bimetallic (Cu–Cr) catalysts. The catalytic performances were assessed over 4 h of run length under atmospheric pressure at the hydrogen-to-hydrocarbon ratio of 10.6 and 453 K. The results represented that the level of furfural conversion over the non-promoted catalyst was very low (below 10%) while the promoted one showed considerable furfural conversion during this period (higher than 70%). However, both catalysts exhibited high durability and selectivity towards furfuryl alcohol.

     

WNT1 Gene from WNT Signaling Pathway Is a Direct Target of miR-122 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an invasive form of hepatic cancer arising from the accumulation of multiple genetic alterations. In this study, the causal role of disturbed canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway was approved, and some of HCC-driven important gene candidates were determined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, are the key regulators of important cancer genes, and their participation in tumorigenesis has been shown. By reviewing literature, WNT1 gene with functional significance was selected to approve miRNAs as new subjects for targeted therapy.For proper and fast miRNA detection and also confirmation of the role of bioinformatics in obtaining practical data, we benefited from different bioinformatics tools such as TargetScan, miRanda, and DIANA. In order to use an HCC model, we used HepG2 cell line. Luciferase assay was applied to assess the ability of the selected miRNAs in targeting WNT1 3′-UTR. To overexpress the selected miRNA in HepG2 cell line, viral construct was prepared. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to evaluate selected miRNA and target gene expression levels. miR-122 was selected according to data concerning various bioinformatics tools.miR-122 was downregulated and WNT1 gene expression was upregulated in HepG2 cell line. After viral construct transduction, miR-122 expression was elevated and WNT1 expression was notably declined. Finally, we introduced WNT1 gene as one of the important genes in HCC, and also, we showed that miR-122 can regulate WNT1 gene expression.Moreover, our study determines the potential of bioinformatics analyses in providing accurate and reliable data for miRNA: messenger RNA (mRNA) prediction.