Proton pick-up from nuclei in the middle of the 1p shell

The (d,³He) reaction has been used to excite proton hole states in⁸Li,⁹Be and¹⁰Be. Angular distributions have been measured and have been analyzed in terms of the DWBA to get spectroscopic factors for the considered transitions. Excitation energies and transition strengths are compared with the results of Cohen and Kurath's intermediate coupling shell model calculations, where the two models of the effective interaction produce different results especially for transitions to final states in mass 8 and 10 nuclei. The experimental results are clearly in favour of the (6–16) 2 BME interaction. A positive parity state in¹⁰Be predicted by the calculations has been looked for and found at 9.60 MeV.     

Messung des Elektroneneinfang am Kern Ga70

The electron capture of Ga⁷⁰ has been observed using a x-ray semiconductor Ge(Li) detector. Measuring the ZnK x-rays and the 0.1755 MeV gamma-rays from the beta decay of Ga⁷⁰ the transition probability to the ground state ofZn⁷⁰ was found to be 0.24%. The log(ft) value is 4.8. The half-life of Ga⁷⁰ has been found to be (21.15±0.06) min and the energies of the gamma-rays are (0.1755±0.0005) MeV and (1.040±0.003) MeV.     

The significance of quadrupole-electric coefficients for the optical properties of nonmagnetic crystals

The physical significance of the quadrupole-electric tensor for the optical properties of nonmagnetic crystals is discussed. Some general symmetry properties between the optical material tensors are derived. As an example it is shown that the quadrupole-electric tensor induces the ellipticity of light which is reflected from crystals of the non centrosymmetric cubic classes 23 and ¯43m.     

Study of cosmic ray diurnal variation on a day-to-day basis

From a careful examination of the diurnal variation of cosmic ray intensity at high energies and the interplanetary field characteristics, the average characteristics of diurnal variation were recently explained by us in terms of a balance between outward convection and field aligned diffusion, the latter arising out of a positive radial density gradient. In this paper, we extend this new concept to explain the large variability observed in the diurnal variation on a day-to-day basis and further demonstrate that the measurement of diurnal anisotropy characteristic of cosmic ray particles on a day-to-day basis can be used directly to infer the nature and scale sizes of interplanetary field parameters. Comparing with the magnetic field vector, we show that this simple concept holds good on more than 80% of days. On the rest 20% of days which have a predominant morning maxima, the diurnal anisotropy characteristics seem to indicate the presence of a significant component of transverse diffusion current in addition to the normal convection and diffusion flow. Such days are found to be present in the form of trains of consecutive days and are found to be associated with abrupt changes in the interplanetary field direction having scale sizes >4 hr. The value ofK _⊥/K _‖ which is normally about ⩽0.05 is found to be ≈1.0 on non-field aligned days.     

Isotope selective photoionization of calcium using two-step laser excitation

The isotope specific two-step photoionization of metastable Ca atoms was investigated using a continuous wave dye laser and an Ar⁺ laser. The photoionization was performed via a transition to an autoionizing state. Therefore an ionization probability as high as 10⁻² could be obtained.     

气候变化对浙江沿海风暴潮的影响

基于浙江沿海多个气象观测站和潮位观测站近50年的气温、潮位及风暴潮的资料,研究了气候变化背景下浙江沿海台风暴潮变化特征.分析表明,随着沿海地区年平均气温的上升,浙江沿海相对海平面、登陆台风、超警戒风暴潮、较大风暴增水、年极值高潮位等都呈现出上升或增多趋势;在此背景下,浙江沿海风暴潮灾害风险也随之增大,特别是2000年以来,登陆浙江沿海的台风个数和最大增水超过300cm的风暴潮次数都显著增多.对气候变化背景下浙江沿海风暴潮灾害的影响分析,将为今后风暴潮预警及防灾、减灾的应对提供重要的启示和参考.     

Switching surfaces inN-person differential games

Switching surfaces inN-person differential games are essentially similar to those encountered in optimal control and two-person, zero-sum differential games. The differences between the Nash noncooperative solution and the saddle-point solution are reflected in the dispersal surfaces. These are discussed through classification and construction procedures for switching surfaces. A simple example of a two-person, nonzero-sum game is considered. A complete solution of this game will be presented in a companion paper (Ref. 1).     

Vernetzung und Abbau von Polyäthylenterephthalat durch Elektronenbestrahlung

Zusammenfassung PÄT-Folien wurden in Luft, Stickstoff und Vakuum bei 20 °C mit 1 MeV-Elektronen bestrahlt. Untersucht wurden Löslichkeit und Viskosität von Proben, die unmittelbar nach der Bestrahlung gelöst wurden.In allen untersuchten Fällen trat bei hohen Bestrahlungsdosen ein unlöslicher, d. h. vernetzter Anteil auf, dessen Ausbildung jedoch durch in den Proben enthaltene Feuchtigkeit verzögert werden kann. Bei niedrigen Bestrahlungsdosen bewirkt Feuchtigkeit einen Abbau des Polymeren, wie durch Viskositätsmessungen gezeigt wird.Aus den Gel-Messungen wurde derp ₀/q ₀-Wert für Bestrahlung in Luft, Stickstoff und Vakuum zu 1,05 bestimmt.Die Änderung des Gel-Anteils bei Lagerung der Proben zwischen Bestrahlung und Lösung wird diskutiert.

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Summary Polyethyleneterephthalate samples were irradiated in air, nitrogen and vacuum at 20 °C with 1 MeV electrons. The solubility of the samples and the viscosity of the solutions were studied immediately after irradiation. At high doses an insoluble crosslinked part was always observed. Crosslinking was delayed by moisture in the samples. At low irradiation doses moisture causes chain scission as shown by viscosity measurements. The ratiop ₀/q ₀ of degradation to crosslinking in the case of irradiation in air, nitrogen and vacuum was found by gel measurements to be 1.05. The insoluble gel-part changes with increasing storage time of the samples between irradiation and solution.

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Herrn Diplom-PhysikerH. Fischer sei an dieser Stelle für wertvolle Anregungen und Diskussionen besonders gedankt.     

Die Bestimmung von Nucleotidphosphor mit einem Zinn(II)-chloridHydrazinsulfat-Reagens

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Alkylamino- und Dialkylamino-phenoxy-methylsilane

Zusammenfassung Alkyl-und Dialkylamino-phenoxy-methylsilane ließen sich sowohl durch Umsetzung von Phenoxy-methyl-chlorsilanen mit primären und sekundären Aminen unter Cl/NRR-Austausch als auch durch Reaktion von Phenoxymethylsilanen mit substituierten Alkaliamiden unter C₆H₅O/NRR-Austausch gemäß den Gl. (1) bis (6) darstellen. Ihre Eigenschaften sind aus Tab. 1 zu ersehen.

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We succeeded in preparing alkyl- and dialkylamino-phenoxymethylsilanes by reaction of phenoxy-methyl-chlorosilanes with primary and secondary amines (Cl/NRR-exchange) as well as by reaction of phenoxymethylsilanes with substituted alkaliamides (C₆H₅O/NRR-exchange)according equations (1) to (6). Their properties are to be seen in table 1.

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53. Mitt.:U. Wannagat undG. Schreiner, Mh. Chem.96, 1902 (1965).

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Mit Auszügen aus der DissertationG. Schreiner und der DiplomarbeitJ. Pohl, Techn. Hochsch. Graz, 1964.