Temperature dependence of NMR spectrum of powdered cobalt

NMR spectra of powdered cobalt were obtained from 290 to 580 K. The hcp phase of powdered, and coarse grained bulk samples give different results, indicating effects due to magnetoelastic interactions of the domain walls with lattice defects.     

Inner hair cell loss and steady-state potentials from the inferior colliculus and auditory cortex of the chinchilla

Steady-state evoked potentials were measured from unanesthetized chinchillas both before and after carboplatin-induced selective inner hair cell loss. Recordings were made from both the inferior colliculus (IC) and the auditory cortex (AC). The steady-state potential was measured in the form of the envelope following response (EFR), obtained by presenting a two-tone stimulus (f1 = 2000 Hz; f2 = 2020, 2040, 2080, 2160, or 2320 Hz), and measuring the magnitude of the Fourier coefficient at the f2-f1 difference frequency. From the IC, precarboplatin, EFR amplitude vs difference tone frequency showed a bandpass pattern, with maximum amplitude at either 160 or 80 Hz, depending upon stimulus level. Postcarboplatin, the preferred difference frequency was 80 Hz for all stimulus levels. From the AC, EFR amplitude versus difference tone frequency also showed a bandpass pattern, with the maximum amplitude at 80 Hz both pre- and postcarboplatin. EFR amplitude from the IC was decreased for some conditions postcarboplatin, while the amplitude from the AC showed no significant change.     

A weak Grothendieck compactness principle

The Grothendieck compactness principle states that every norm compact subset of a Banach space is contained in the closed convex hull of a norm null sequence. In this article, an analogue of the Grothendieck compactness principle is considered when the norm topology of a Banach space is replaced by its weak topology. It is shown that every weakly compact subset of a Banach space is contained in the closed convex hull of a weakly null sequence if and only if the Banach space has the Schur property.     

Radical S‐Adenosyl Methionine Epimerases: Regioselective Introduction of Diverse D‐Amino Acid Patterns into Peptide Natural Products

PoyD is a radical S‐adenosyl methionine epimerase that introduces multiple D ‐configured amino acids at alternating positions into the highly complex marine peptides polytheonamide A and B. This novel post‐translational modification contributes to the ability of the polytheonamides to form unimolecular minimalistic ion channels and its cytotoxic activity at picomolar levels. Using a genome mining approach we have identified additional PoyD homologues in various bacteria. Three enzymes were expressed in E. coli with their cognate as well as engineered peptide precursors and shown to introduce diverse D ‐amino acid patterns into all‐L peptides. The data reveal a family of architecturally and functionally distinct enzymes that exhibit high regioselectivity, substrate promiscuity, and irreversible action and thus provide attractive opportunities for peptide engineering.     

Hybridization Gap and Dresselhaus Spin Splitting in EuIr4In2Ge4

EuIr₄In₂Ge₄ is a new intermetallic semiconductor that adopts a non‐centrosymmetric structure in the tetragonal ${I\bar 42m}$ space group with unit cell parameters a=6.9016(5) Å and c=8.7153(9) Å. The compound features an indirect optical band gap E_g=0.26(2) eV, and electronic‐structure calculations show that the energy gap originates primarily from hybridization of the Ir 5d orbitals, with small contributions from the Ge 4p and In 5p orbitals. The strong spin–orbit coupling arising from the Ir atoms, and the lack of inversion symmetry leads to significant spin splitting, which is described by the Dresselhaus term, at both the conduction‐ and valence‐band edges. The magnetic Eu²⁺ ions present in the structure, which do not play a role in gap formation, order antiferromagnetically at 2.5 K.     

Chemical ionization and electron impact mass spectra of thiosulfinates,thiosulfonates and sulfinyl sulfones

The chemical ionization and electron impact mass spectra of some thiosulfinates, thiosulfonates and sulfinyl sulfones have been studied. The electron impact mass spectra of four of the six thiosulfonates show molecular ions of less than 1%. Inconclusive evidence was obtained for sulfenyl sulfinate type intermediates in the electron impact spectra of thiosulfonates. The electron impact spectra of thiosulfonates were similar to those of thiosulfonates. The chemical ionization (isobutane) mass spectra of thiosulfinates and thiosulfonates generally show protonated molecular ions [MH]⁺ as base peaks and [MH+1]⁺ and [MH+2]⁺ peaks.     

Stereoselective synthesis of the cyclic ether core of (+)-laurenyne

A concise enantioselective synthesis of the cyclic ether core of the marine natural product (+)-laurenyne has been accomplished using ring-closing metathesis for medium-ring construction.     

Natural-abundance 15N--13C correlation spectra of vitamin B-12

Two-dimensional nitrogen-carbon NMR correlation spectra have been derived by a new reconstruction technique based on standard two-dimensional HMQC and HMBC spectra, and operating with natural 15N and 13C isotopic abundances. Compared with conventional three-dimensional spectroscopy in which 15N and 13C spins must be present in the same molecule, the reconstruction method offers two orders of magnitude improvement in sensitivity. Vitamin B-12 serves as an illustrative example.     

The structural characteristics of organozinc complexes incorporating N,N'-bidentate ligands

Dimethylzinc reacts with an excess of N-2-pyridylaniline 6 to give the homoleptic species, Zn[PhN(2-C(5)H(4)N)](2) 8. Single crystal X-ray diffraction reveals a solid-state dimer based on an 8-membered (NCNZn)(2) core motif. Zn[CyN(2-C(5)H(4)N)]Me (Cy =c-C(6)H(11)) 10, prepared by the combination of ZnMe(2) with the corresponding cyclohexyl-substituted pyridylamine, is also dimeric in the solid state but reveals a central (ZnN)(2) metallacycle. Employment of (p-Tol)NH(2-C(5)H(4)N)(p-Tol = 4-MeC(6)H(4)) 11 yielded the tris(zinc) adduct Zn(3)[(p-Tol)N(2-C(5)H(4)N)](4)Me(2) 12, which incorporates a central chiral molecule of 'Zn[(p-Tol)N(2-C(5)H(4)N)](2)' 12a, that bridges two 'Zn[(p-Tol)N(2-C(5)H(4)N)]Me' 12b units. A similar trimetallic structure is noted when the pyridylaniline substrate 11 is replaced with the bicyclic guanidine 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-pyrimido[1,2-a]pyrimidine (hppH), affording Zn(3)(hpp)(4)Me(2) 13. Spectroscopic studies point to retention of the solid-state structure of in hydrocarbon solution. Reaction of 13 with dimesityl borinic acid, Mes(2)BOH (Mes = mesityl), affords Zn(3)(hpp)(4)(OBMes(2))(2) 14 in which the trimetallic core is retained. This reactivity is in contrast to the closely related reaction of dimeric Zn[Me(2)NC[N(i)Pr](2)]Me 15 with Mes(2)BOH, which yielded Zn[Me(2)NC[N(i)Pr](2)][OBMes(2)].Me(2)NC[N(i)Pr][NH(i)Pr] 16 as a result of protonation at the guanidine ligand in addition to the Zn-Me bond.     

Synthesis and complexes of an N4 Schiff-base macrocycle derived from 2,2'-iminobisbenzaldehyde

An N(4) tetradentate [1 + 1] Schiff base metal free macrocycle HL was prepared, by 1?:?1 condensation of 2,2'-iminobisbenzaldehyde (1) and diethylenetriamine, and characterised. Seven mononuclear complexes, [Zn(II)L(py)](BF(4)) (2), [Cu(II)L](BF(4))]·H(2)O (3), [Ni(II)L](BF(4))·H(2)O (4), [Co(II)L](BF(4))]·H(2)O (5), Fe(III)L(BF(4))(2)·2H(2)O·MeCN (6), [Co(III)L(NCS)(2)]·0.3py (7) and [Fe(III)L(NCS)(2)] (8), of L(-) are reported. The Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes were prepared by a template approach whereas the others were accessed by metallation of pre-formed HL. The X-ray crystal structure determinations show that [Cu(II)L](BF(4)) and [Ni(II)L](BF(4)) feature square planar N(4) coordinated Cu(II) and Ni(II) centres, respectively, whereas [Fe(III)L(NCS)(2)]·NO(2)Me features an octahedral N(6) coordinated Fe(III) centre (two NCS anions bound axially) and the Zn(II) complex, which crystallised as 2{[Zn(II)L(py)](BF(4))}·py, features square pyramidal Zn(II) ions (a pyridine molecule bound axially). In all cases the N(4) macrocycle is bound equatorially to the metal ion. Cyclic voltammograms of the soluble BF(4) complexes, 2-5, were carried out in MeCN vs. 0.01 mol L(-1) AgNO(3)/Ag and revealed multiple, mostly irreversible or quasi-reversible, redox processes. The Zn(II) complex 2 exhibited two irreversible oxidation processes and one irreversible reduction process, all of which are ligand-centered. The Ni(II) complex 4 showed a process with a weak return wave at E(m) = +0.57 V (ΔE = 0.05 V). Interestingly, after controlled potential coulometry experiments on 2, 3 and 4 (at +0.48, +0.61 and +0.71 V which transferred 1.2, 1.0 and 1.6 e(-) equiv. per complex, respectively), a new reversible or quasi-reversible process was obtained, with a lower potential than beforehand (E(m) (ΔE)/V = +0.16 (0.08), +0.31 (0.13) and +0.45 (0.11) respectively).