Type-D vacuum solutions with cosmological constant

All type-D vacuum (nonnull orbit and null orbit) solutions with are exhibited in canonical coordinates. The nonnull orbit metrics with contain four families of solutions: the static Levi-Cività metrics, the nondivergingD's, the divergingD's, and the diverging and twisting solutions. The null orbit metrics subdivide into two subclasses of solutions: the divergenceless null orbitD's, and the diverging and twisting null orbit solution.     

N-Amination of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole with hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid: Synthesis of 1,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole

N-Amination of the 3(5)-amino-1,2,4-triazolide anion with hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid is studied. This method provided an access to the previously unknown 1,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole.     

Macromodeling of high-speed interconnects by positive interpolation of vertical segments

In this paper a novel macromodeling scheme is presented to model the per unit of length (p.u.l.) parameters of uniform transmission lines. In particular, it is focused on single on-chip interconnects, because their p.u.l. parameters are influenced by the presence of semiconductor (s) and as such exhibit a strong frequency-dependency, making the modeling process harder. Starting from a set of very accurate tabulated data samples, obtained by two-dimensional electromagnetic modeling, rational models for the four p.u.l. parameters are constructed. The novelty of the approach lies in the fact that the rational models are positive by construction and that a controllable accuracy is obtained. These models can then further be used to construct multivariate models, e.g., for variability analysis. Here, the novel scheme is applied to an on-chip inverted embedded microstrip line, of which the signal integrity behavior is assessed in both the frequency and the time domain, demonstrating the applicability of the macromodels.     

Development and validation of a derivative ultraviolet spectrophotometric method for the determination of darifenacin in tablets using experimental designs and its comparison with chromatographic method

A set of experimental designs was applied to develop and validate a spectrophotometric method using derivative transformation coupled with zero-crossing methodology for the quantification of darifenacin hydrobromide in extended-release tablet form. In the presence of the matricial interference, a central composite (face-centered) design was necessary to reach the best condition without interference in the quantification. The optimal system was confirmed using the function named Derringer’s desirability to assess high precision and low quantification limit. The best condition pointed was the first order to derivative transformation, Δλ = 4, scale factor 150, scanning speed 280 nm/s and anulation point in 239.4 nm as wavelength. From these parameters it was possible to perform the method validation resulting in R ² = 0.999, concentration ranging from 0.10 to 2.50 μg/mL, recovery 98.65% and mean precision 97.67% (RSD = 0.0136). Additionally, robustness was assessed by a Plackett-Burman design, and no significant variability was obtained. The spectrophotometric method was compared with high-performance liquid chromatography method, resulting in no significant difference between the methods.     

Microwave-Assisted Direct Synthesis of 4H-1,2,4-Benzothiadiazine 1,1-Dioxide Derivatives

Abstract

We describe a rapid and convenient methodology for the preparation of diverse 3-aryl and 3-trifluoromethyl 4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-1,1-dioxides in a one-pot microwave-promoted reaction between 2-aminobenzenesulfonamides and benzaldehydes, trifluoroacetic acid or benzoic acids.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT      

Reactivity Studies of Iridium Pyridylidenes [TpMe2Ir(C6H5)2(C(CH)3C(R)NH] (R=H,Me, Ph)

The reactivity of a series of iridium? pyridylidene complexes with the formula [Tp^Me2Ir(C₆H₅)₂(C(CH)₃C(R)N H] ( 1 a – 1 c ) towards a variety of substrates, from small molecules, such as H₂, O₂, carbon oxides, and formaldehyde, to alkenes and alkynes, is described. Most of the observed reactivity is best explained by invoking 16 e^? unsaturated [Tp^Me2Ir(phenyl)(pyridyl)] intermediates, which behave as internal frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs). H₂ is heterolytically split to give hydride? pyridylidene complexes, whilst CO, CO₂, and H₂C?O provide carbonyl, carbonate, and alkoxide species, respectively. Ethylene and propene form five‐membered metallacycles with an IrCH₂CH(R)N (R=H, Me) motif, whereas, in contrast, acetylene affords four‐membered iridacycles with the IrC(?CH₂)N moiety. C₆H₅(C?O)H and C₆H₅C?CH react with formation of Ir? C₆H₅ and Ir? C?CPh bonds and the concomitant elimination of a molecule of pyridine and benzene, respectively. Finally the reactivity of compounds 1 a – 1 c against O₂ is described. Density functional theory calculations that provide theoretical support for these experimental observations are also reported.