Computational Mathematics and Modeling - Based on the extended simplest equation method, we construct solitons and other solutions for the nonlinear convection-diffusion-reaction equation with... 相似文献
4-[(2-Hydroxy-naphthalen-1-ylmethylene)-amino]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one (HDDP) was synthesized by the reaction of 4-amino-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one with 2-hydroxy-l-naphthaldehyde. The structure was confirmed by the IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and EI-MS spectra and elemental analysis. Physicochemical parameters of the HDDP such as extinction coefficient, oscillator strength, transition dipole moment, Stokes shift, and fluorescence quantum yield in different solvents were studied on the basis of polarities. The interactions of various metal ions with HDDP were also studied using steady state fluorescence measurements. The emission profile reveals that it acts as off–on type fluorescent chemosensor for selective and sensitive detection of Al3+ ions. Complexation stoichiometry and mechanism of enhancement were determined from a Benesi–Hildebrand plot. 相似文献
Cerium-doped zirconium oxide (Ce/ZrO2) was introduced as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for electrooxidation of salicylic acid (SA). The electrocatalyst material was synthesized via co-precipitation of cerium and zirconium ions, and then the resulting solid was heat-treated at high temperature to create crystallized cerium-doped zirconium oxide nanoparticles. The obtained material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction methods. The Ce/ZrO2-modified carbon paste electrode (Ce/ZrO2-CPE) exhibited a distinct oxidative peak for SA, whereas no signal was observed for SA at unmodified carbon paste electrode at the same experimental conditions. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were applied to investigate the electrocatalytic performance of the electrode and SA electrooxidation mechanism. Square wave voltammetry was used to capture the analytical signal of SA. The electrode composition was optimized to increase the SA signal. Using the optimized electrode, it became possible to determine SA in the concentration range of 5.0–1000.0 μM with detection limit of 1.1 μM (3Sb/m). The electrode showed very high sensitivity of 1013.5 μA mM?1 cm?2 which is remarkably better than the previously reported SA sensors. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of SA in human serum, milk, and pharmaceutical samples. 相似文献
Kramer’s sampling theorem provides an algorithm for reconstructing a function ?, in the form $$ f(t)=\int_{a}^{b}\ F(x)K(x,t)dx,\qquad {\rm for\ some}\ F\ \in\ L^{2}(a,b), $$ from its values at a discrete set of points. In all the known examples, the kernel of the transform, K(x,t) is continuous in x and entire in t, even though the proof of the theorem shows that the continuity in x is not essential. This raises the question of whether it is possible to find an example of Kramer’s theorem with a discontinuous kernel. The aim of the paper is to answer this question in the affirmative. We show how one can construct a family of discontinuous kernels for which Kramer’s theorem holds and, in addition, each member of this family arises from a Sturm-Liouville problem, but with discontinuous initial conditions. 相似文献
Immobilisation of catalytically-active metal salts in ionic liquids, with extraction by supercritical carbon dioxide, affords continuous Friedel-Crafts acylation, with in situ-recycling of the catalyst. 相似文献
Loratadine is a commonly used selective non-sedating antihistaminic drug. Desloratadine is the active metabolite of loratadine and, in addition, a potential impurity in loratadine bulk powder stated by the United States Pharmacopeia as a related substance of loratadine. Published methods for the determination of both analytes suffer from limited throughput due to the time-consuming steps and tedious extraction procedures needed for the analysis of biological samples. Therefore, there is a strong demand to develop a simple rapid and sensitive analytical method that can detect and quantitate both analytes in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids without prior sample extraction steps.
Results
A highly-sensitive and time-saving micellar liquid chromatographic method is developed for the simultaneous determination of loratadine and desloratadine. The proposed method is the first analytical method for the determination of this mixture using a monolithic column with a mobile phase composed of 0.15 M sodium dodecyl sulfate, 10% n-Butanol and 0.3% triethylamine in 0.02 M phosphoric acid, adjusted to pH 3.5 and pumped at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. The eluted analytes are monitored with fluorescence detection at 440 nm after excitation at 280 nm. The developed method is linear over the concentration range of 20.0–200.0 ng/mL for both analytes. The method detection limits are 15.0 and 13.0 ng/mL and the limits of quantification are 20.0 and 18.0 ng/mL for loratadine and desloratadine, respectively. Validation of the developed method reveals an accuracy of higher than 97% and intra- and inter-day precisions with relative standard deviations not exceeding 2%.
Conclusions
The method can be successfully applied to the determination of both analytes in various matrices including pharmaceutical preparations, human urine, plasma and breast milk samples with a run-time of less than 5 min and without prior extraction procedures. The method is ideally suited for use in quality control laboratories. Moreover, it could be a simple time-saving alternative to the official pharmacopeial method for testing desloratadine as a potential impurity in loratadine bulk powder.
