Studies on the effects of imidazole on the peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence detection system for high performance liquid chromatography

The catalytic effect of bases (imidazole, pyridine, Tris and triethylamine) on the peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence (PO-CL) reaction for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was investigated. Imidazole increased PO-CL intensity extraordinarily, whereas the other bases (pyridine, Tris and triethylamine) did not. The peak heights of dipyridamole (coronary vasodilator) obtained using the eluents containing buffers were largest at pH 7.0, a few times less at pH 6.0 and pH 5.0, 100 times less at pH 4.0 and a few hundred times less at pH 3.0. The eluents containing buffers at pH 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 each with imidazole increased the peak heights by a few to ten times as compared with those without imidazole, and those peak heights were within one order of magnitude. On the other hand, the eluent containing buffer at pH 2 did not affect the peak heights with or without imidazole. Bis(4-nitro-2-(3,6,9-trioxadecyloxycarbonyl)phenyl) oxalate (TDPO) alone and bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl)oxalate (DNPO) plus TDPO were recommended to be used against eluents containing buffers of pH 5-7 and pH 3-4, respectively. Dipyridamole and benzydamine hydrochloride (anti-inflammatory drug) were separated on the ODS column and detected by the present system. The detection limits of dipyridamole and benzydamine hydrochloride were 40 amol and 270 fmol, respectively.     

Development of ion transportation, extraction and neutralization systems for atomic beam resonance method

A device that produces a low-energy and largely spin polarized RI beam based on the atomic beam resonance method (RIABR) has been developed. We have performed measurements of stopping and drifting an incoming RI ion beam in a gas chamber, extraction of the ions into a vacuum region, and neutralization of the extracted low-energy ion beam. The drift efficiency of RI ions in a gas and the extraction efficiency at a Laval-type glass nozzle were found to be 0.72±0.04 and 0.033, respectively. The result of the experiment for the neutralization is also discussed.     

A coumarin-based fluorescent probe for Hg2+ and Ag+ with an N'-acetylthioureido group as a fluorescence switch

For detection of Hg(2+) and Ag(+), we have developed a coumarin-based probe with an N'-acetylthioureido group as a novel fluorescence switch, in which the hydrogen bond formation between the N-hydrogen and the acetyl O atom markedly increases the susceptibility of the probe toward desulfurization by Hg(2+) and Ag(+).     

High performance "ionic liquid" chromatography

We firstly developed high performance liquid chromatography methods with "ionic liquids" as eluents (HPILC) and successfully demonstrated the analysis of various biopolymers including scarcely soluble highly polymerized cellulose by means of HPILC with highly polar ionic liquid.     

The flow field near the triple point in steady shock reflection

This paper investigates the flow field near three intersecting shock waves appearing in steady Mach reflection. Results of numerical computations reveal a “von Neumann Paradox”—like feature for weak shock waves, in which the flow field between the reflected and the Mach stem is smooth with no distinct slip flow region and changes rather smoothly. An analytical solution of the Navier–Stokes equations constructed using a polar–coordinate system gives a flow field with the same properties as the numerical simulation.     

Sorption and diffusion behaviours of strontium in sodium-type bentonite bed

Sorption and diffusion of Sr were examined using a typical Japanese bentonite. The experimental results showed that Sr sorption on the bentonite had linear relationship between the equilibrium Sr concentration and Sr sorption amount, i.e., Henry’s type of sorption, in wide initial Sr concentration from 1.1×10⁻⁹ to 1.1×10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹ at pH 10. The Sr sorption also indicated pH dependence in pH range between 2 and 12. Sorption modelling calculation indicated that cation-exchange reactions contributed to Sr sorption in the pH range studied and a surface complexation reaction was predominant above pH 8. Diffusion of Sr in loosely compacted bentonite bed was described by pore and surface diffusion and surface complexation of Sr. Chemical-transport calculations reproduce the diffusion data at pH 5 using the cation-exchange parameters obtained in the analysis of the batch sorption experiment.     

Miscibilities of methanol and ethanol with dodecylammonium chloride in the adsorbed film and micelle

The surface tension of the aqueous solutions of methanol– dodecylammonium chloride (DAC) and ethanol–DAC mixtures has been measured as a function of the total molality of the mixture m^ and the mole fraction of DAC X^₂ in the mixture at 298.15?K under atmospheric pressure. The compositions of the adsorbed film at 50, 40, and 30?mN?m^-1, and that of the micelle at the critical micelle concentration (CMC) have been evaluated by applying the thermodynamic equations derived previously and shown in the form of phase diagrams of adsorption and micelle formation. It has been found that (i) methanol is hardly miscible in M28.8nthe adsorbed film and micelle, and (ii) ethanol molecules are very slightly incorporated into adsorbed film of DAC at high-surface tension and into the micelle, although hardly miscible in the adsorbed film at low-surface tension. By comparing the corresponding phase diagrams of ethanol-2- (octylsulfinyl)ethanol (OSE) mixture, furthermore, it has been shown that there exists a difference in the miscibility of ethanol between DAC and OSE.     

AC loss of low temperature superconducting AC wire caused by longitudinal and azimuthal AC magnetic field components

We investigated the AC loss characteristics of a low temperature NbTi AC wire by measuring the AC transport current losses in the external AC magnetic field whose components are the longitudinal and transverse ones. The measurement results showed that the AC losses were significantly dependent on the directions and magnitudes of the external longitudinal field component. The AC losses caused by the longitudinal and azimuthal field components were estimated by our previously derived model. The theoretical results well explained the dependence of the AC losses on the longitudinal field components. It was also shown that the AC losses can be substantially reduced by the proper choice of the twisting way.