Terahertz emission in tenuous gases irradiated by ultrashort laser pulses

Mechanism of terahertz (THz) pulse generation in gases irradiated by ultrashort laser pulses is investigated theoretically. Quasi-static transverse currents produced by laser field ionization of gases and the longitudinal modulation in formed plasmas are responsible for the THz emission at the electron plasma frequency, as demonstrated by particle-in-cell simulations including field ionization. The THz field amplitude scaling with the laser amplitude within a large range is also discussed.     

热解温度对酚醛树脂焦的微观结构和还原NO反应性的影响

利用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和Raman光谱研究了热解温度(500～900℃)对酚醛树脂焦炭微观结构的影响.使用热重分析仪(TGA)研究了酚醛树脂焦还原NO的反应性.结果表明,随着热解温度升高,苯环、酚羟基、脂肪亚甲基等官能团含量降低.衍射实验表明存在(002)峰、(10)峰和(11)峰.随着热解温度升高,焦炭微晶尺寸增大,微晶结构逐渐趋向有序.酚醛树脂焦的Raman光谱分析与XRD分析存在较好的关联性.反应性实验表明焦炭还原NO的反应性没有随热解温度呈现规律性的变化.     

Ultrafast Electron Diffraction with Spatiotemporal Resolution of Atomic Motion

Ultrafast electron diffraction （UED） is a rapidly advancing technique capable of recording the atomic-detail structural dynamics in real time. We report the establishment of the first UED system in China. Employing this UED apparatus, both the coherent and the concurrent thermal lattice motions in an aluminium thin-film, trigged by ultrafast laser heating, have been observed. These results demonstrate its ability to directly measure a sub-milli-angstrom lattice spacing change on a sub-picosecond time scale.     

Anion Mass Spectrometry Study of Ion-Pair Photodissociation of CO2 in the XUV Energy 19.70-22.24eV

We demonstrate anion mass spectrometry using the Hefei synchrotron radiation source to investigate the ion-pair dissociation processes of molecules. The efficiency curve of the O^- anionic product via ion-pair dissociations of CO2 is recorded with tunable extreme vacuum ultraviolet photons （energy： 19.70-22.24 eV） and compared with the spectrum available in the literature. The possible dynamics of CO2 ＋ hv → CO^＋＋ O^- in this energy range is discussed.     

All-Solid-State Nd:YAG Laser Operating at 1064nm and 1319nm under 885nm Thermally Boosted Pumping

We report a high-effciency Nd：YAG laser operating at 1064 nm and 1319nm, respectively, thermally boosted pumped by an all-solid-state Q-switched Ti：sapphire laser at 885 nm. The maximum outputs of 825.4 m W and 459.4mW, at 1064nm and 1319nm respectively, are obtained in a 8-ram-thick 1.1 at.% Nd：YAG crystal with 2.1 W of incident pump power at 885nm, leading to a high slope efficiency with respect to the absorbed pump power of 68.5% and 42.0%. Comparative results obtained by the traditional pumping at 808nm are presented, showing that the slope efficiency and the threshold with respect to the absorbed pump power at 1064nm under the 885nm pumping are 12.2% higher and 7.3% lower than those of 808rim pumping. At 1319nm, the slope efficiency and the threshold with respect to the absorbed pump power under 885nm pumping are 9.9% higher and 3.5% lower than those of 808 nm pumping. The heat generation operating at 1064 nm and 1319 nm is reduced by 19.8% and 11.1%, respectively.     

矩阵方程AXB=D解的研究

给出了矩阵方程AXB=D相容的又一充要条件,同时讨论它的极小范数解、最小二乘解和极小范数最小二乘解,推广了文献[1]和[3]的结论.     

广义实正定矩阵的几个不等式

推广了文献[3]中的广义实正定矩阵的行列式不等式,同时给出了广义实正定矩阵的凸性不等式.     

三线摆法测刚体的转动惯量所用近似方法对测量结果的影响

讨论了在推导转动惯量的测量公式时采用的近似方法对测量结果带来的影响,指出了减小其影响的途径.     

伏安法测电阻时安培表采用内、外接法的判定条件

导出了在物理实验中用伏安法测电阻时安培表采用内、外接法的判定条件,并在实验上给予了验证．     

Mo-V-Te-Nb-O催化剂上丙烷选择氧化制丙烯酸Ⅰ.催化剂的制备条件及稳定性

 研究了催化剂的制备条件(焙烧方式、焙烧气氛和焙烧温度)对Mo-V-Te-Nb-O上丙烷选择氧化制丙烯酸反应的影响. 结果表明,制备条件对催化剂的催化性能具有很大的影响. 与敞开式焙烧制得的催化剂相比,封闭式焙烧制得的催化剂具有较高的丙烯酸选择性,但丙烷转化率较低. 在空气中焙烧制得的催化剂对丙烯酸无选择性,但在氮气和氩气中焙烧制得的催化剂具有很高的丙烷转化率和丙烯酸选择性. 随着焙烧温度的升高,丙烷转化率降低,丙烯酸选择性升高,适宜的焙烧温度为600 ℃. 催化剂制备条件对催化剂的晶相结构也具有重要的影响. 在惰性气氛中采用600 ℃下封闭式焙烧制得的Mo-V-Te-Nb-O催化剂经210 h反应后,丙烷转化率保持为19%,而丙烯酸选择性持续升高,由32%升至50%.