Stereoselective synthesis of a novel apio analogue of neplanocin A as potential S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase inhibitor

A total synthesis of apio-neplanocin A, which combines properties of apio nucleoside and neplanocin A and is a potential inhibitor of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, was accomplished starting from D-ribose via stereoselective hydroxymethylation and RCM reaction. [reaction: see text]     

FT-Raman Spectra of o-, m-, and p-Nitrophenol Included in Cyclodextrins

FT-Raman spectra of o-, m-, and p-nitrophenol included in -cyclodextrin (CD), -CD, hydroxypropyl (HP) -CD, andsulfated -CD were recorded. The phenyl (C=C) band of o- and p-nitrophenol in the CD inclusion complexes was shifted to higher wavenumber thanthat of pure o- and p-nitrophenol,whereas the phenyl (C=C) band of m-nitrophenol in the CD inclusion complexes was shifted to lower wavenumber than that of pure m-nitrophenol. The ring CH peak of o-nitrophenol in the CD complexes was shifted to higher wavenumber than that of pure o-nitrophenol, whereas the ring CH peak of m- and p-nitrophenol in the CD complexes was shifted to lower wavenumber than that of pure m- and p-nitrophenol.     

Poly(2,5‐thienylene vinylene) in Nano Shapes by CVD Polymerization

Poly(2,5‐thienylene vinylene) (PTV), an insoluble conjugated polymer, can be readily prepared in various shapes of different nanodimensions by the chemical vapor deposition polymerization of 2,5‐bis(chloromethyl)thiophene. The bischloromethyl monomer in the vapor phase is activated at 600 °C. The activated monomer vapor is deposited at room temperature on the surface of various substrates to prepare polymeric films, fibers, tubes etc., which are then thermally converted into PTV. PTV thin films can be carbonized thermally to produce graphitic compositions that contain sulfur atoms. Electrical conductivities of FeCl‐doped PTV and carbonized films are reported.

     

Comparative Analysis of Coumarin Profiles in Different Parts of Peucedanum japonicum and Their Aldo–Keto Reductase Inhibitory Activities

Peucedanum japonicum (Umbelliferae) is widely distributed throughout Southeast Asian countries. The root of this plant is used in traditional medicine to treat colds and pain, whereas the young leaves are considered an edible vegetable. In this study, the differences in coumarin profiles for different parts of P. japonicum including the flowers, roots, leaves, and stems were compared using ultra-performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Twenty-eight compounds were tentatively identified, including three compounds found in the genus Peucedanum for the first time. Principal component analysis using the data set of the measured mass values and intensities of the compounds exhibited distinct clustering of the flower, leaf, stem, and root samples. In addition, their anticancer activities were screened using an Aldo–keto reductase (AKR)1C1 assay on A549 human non-small-cell lung cancer cells and the flower extract inhibited AKR1C1 activity. Based on these results, seven compounds were selected as potential markers to distinguish between the flower part versus the root, stem, and leaf parts using an orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis. This study is the first to provide information on the comparison of coumarin profiles from different parts of P. japonicum as well as their AKR1C1 inhibitory activities. Taken together, the flowers of P. japonicum offer a new use related to the efficacy of overcoming anticancer drug resistance, and may be a promising source for the isolation of active lead compounds.     

A numerical investigation of the structure of the roots ofq-Bernoulli polynomials

Over the years, there has been increasing interest in solving mathematical problems with the aid of computers. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the roots of theq-Bernoulli polynomialsBn,q ^r (x) for values of the indexn by using computer. Finally, we consider the reflection symmetries of theq-Bernoulli polynomialsBn,q ^r (x).     

A numerical investigation on the zeros of the Genocchi polynomials

It is the aim of this paper to introduce the Genocchi numbersG _n and polynomialsG _n (x) and to display the shape of Genocchi polynomialsG _n (x). Finally, we investigate the roots of the Genocchi polynomialsG _n (x).     

The effects of the charged gluon jets in the transversely polarized e+e− annihilation

The lowest order calculations of the process of e⁺e^?→jets are extended to the case of transversely polarized e⁺e^? beams in the Pati-Salam model. The results are not significantly different from those of the QCD in the lowest order.     

Global Optimization of Multiplicative Programs

This paper develops global optimization algorithms for linear multiplicative and generalized linear multiplicative programs based upon the lower bounding procedure of Ryoo and Sahinidis [30] and new greedy branching schemes that are applicable in the context of any rectangular branch-and-bound algorithm. Extensive computational results are presented on a wide range of problems from the literature, including quadratic and bilinear programs, and randomly generated large-scale multiplicative programs. It is shown that our algorithms make possible for the first time the solution of large and complex multiplicative programs to global optimality.     

Cytosolic accumulation of gammaH2AX is associated with tropomyosin-related kinase A-induced cell death in U2OS cells

Tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA) plays an important role in cell survival, differentiation, and apoptosis in various neuronal and nonneuronal cell types. Here we show that TrkA overexpression by the Tet-On system mimics NGF-mediated activation pathways in the absence of nerve growth factor (NGF) stimulation in U2OS cells. In addition, p53 upregulation upon DNA damage was inhibited by TrkA, and p21 was upregulated by TrkA in a p53-independent manner. TrkA overexpression caused cell death by interrupting cell cycle progression, and TrkA-induced cell death was diminished in the presence of its specific inhibitor GW441756. Interestingly, TrkA-mediated cell death was strongly related to gammaH2AX production and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage in the absence of DNA damage inducer. In this study, we also reveal that gammaH2AX production by TrkA is blocked by TrkA kinase inhibitors K-252a and GW441756, and it is also significantly inhibited by JNK inhibitor SP600125. Moreover, reduction of cell viability by TrkA was strongly suppressed by SP600125 treatment, suggesting a critical role of JNK in TrkA-induced cell death. We also found that gammaH2AX and TrkA were colocalized in cytosol in the absence of DNA damage, and the nuclear localization of gammaH2AX induced by DNA damage was partly altered to cytosol by TrkA overexpression. Our results suggest that the abnormal cytosolic accumulation of gammaH2AX is implicated in TrkA-induced cell death in the absence of DNA damage.