Inhibition biosensor for determination of nicotine

An amperometric nicotine inhibition biosensor has been substantially simplified and used for determination of nicotine in tobacco sample. Besides the use of single enzyme choline oxidase to replace bienzyme, the use of 1,4-benzoquinone as an electron mediator makes it possible to avoid the use of oxygen or hydrogen peroxide sensor as the internal transducer. Choline oxidase was immobilized on the carbon paste electrode through cross-linking with bovine serum albumin (BSA) by glutaraldehyde. In the presence of choline oxidase and its endogenous cofactor flavin-ademine dinneleotide (FAD), choline was oxidized into betaine while FAD was reduced to FADH₂ which subsequently reduced 1,4-benzoquinone into hydroquinone. The later was finally oxidized at a relatively low potential of +450 mV versus saturated calomel electrode (SCE). Nicotine inhibits the activity of enzyme with an effect of decreasing of oxidation current. The experimental conditions were optimized. The electrode has a linear response to choline within 1.25×10⁻⁴ to 1.25×10⁻³ mol l⁻¹. The nicotine measurements were carried out in 0.067 mol l⁻¹phosphate buffer of pH 7.4 at an applied potential of 450 mV versus SCE. The electrode provided a linear response to nicotine over a concentration range of 2.0×10⁻⁵ to 9.2×10⁻⁴ mol l⁻¹ with a detection limit of 1.0×10⁻⁵ mol l⁻¹. The system was applied to the determination of nicotine in tobacco samples.     

适合低PH范围测量的新型中性载体膜PH电极的研究

本文设计合成了一种在低ＰＨ范围对氢离子有很好Ｎｅｒｎｓｔ响应的新型中性载体－Ｎ，Ｎ－二辛基菸酰胺，并把它制成ＰＶＣ膜ＰＨ电极，测试了该电极的线性范围、选择性、稳定、重现性和内阻等各项性能参数，并试验了电极抗氢氟酸腐蚀的能力，该该电极用于氢氟酸的电离常数测定时获得了满意的结果。     

Detection of catechin based on its electrochemical autoxidation

Catechins are strong autoxidant to produce steady intermediate in alkali solution. In present work, we, for the first time, developed a electrochemical method based on ruthenium tris (2, 2′) bipyridyl (Ru(bpy)₃³⁺) modified boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode to investigate the electrochemical reduction of catechin autoxidation intermediate with its existence verified by the electron spin resonance (ESR). The reduction peak potential was observed at −855.5 mV, not appearing either in acid solution (pH 2) containing catechins or in oxidized catechin solution (pH 12). Moreover, the effects of pH, ascorbic acid, Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺ and autoxidation time are investigated, demonstrating the reduction peak being really the reduction of catechin autoxidation intermediate. It is found that the peak current is proportional to scan rate, indicative of a surface confined reduction process. Sensitive amperometric response was obtained covering linear range from 0.3268 μM to 0.1591 mM. The determination of catechin in commercial preparations using this method shows satisfactory results comparable with those of the traditional methods.     

Hf（Ⅳ）—槲皮素—EDTA多元配合荧光反应用于铪的测定

研究了EDTA与Hf(Ⅳ)、槲皮素三元配合荧光反应的最佳试验条件.结果表明,在弱碱性条件下,EDRA与Hf(Ⅳ)、槲皮素形成组成比为1:1:2的荧光络合物,由此建立了铪的选择性好、灵敏度高的荧光测定方法.该法测定Hf(IV)的线性范围为0.09～1.78μg·ml~(-1),方法灵敏度为2.87ng·ml~(-1).将此法用于直接测定铝合金样中的微量铪,结果令人满意.     

处理无模型体系优化问题的一种新方法

本文提出一种处理无模型体系优化问题的方法，按正交方向进行一维搜索，辅之于样条插值方法最优点。同时，通过将Ｎ维优化问题转化为Ｎ维空间超平面上的优化问题的途径，使试验点的数目大为减小，从计算机模拟和原子吸收条件优化结果看，可获得满意结果。     

光谱多元分析的校正模型检验及干扰物的检出

提出了一种在校正模型不确定时分析体系的光谱多元分析方法,首先构造投影阵以检验校正模型的合理性,通过检验可以发现分析体系是否含有其它不纯物,继用不纯物在投影空间中的矢量与可能存在物质的投影光谱进行检索比较,检出不纯物并测出各组份含量.将此法应用于3个分析体系,获得满意的结果.