固体激光质谱分析及其展望

本文扼要地介绍了固体激光质谱学问世20多年来的发展和现状。其中包括有:固体激光质谱的简介和特色;发展过程中有重要贡献科学工作者的主要成就;它的有关基本理论;从仪器和分析实践两个方面介绍其发展概况。文中还就上述几个方面列出带综论性文献,以便读者作进一步了解。最后作者还展望了今后固体激光质谱学的发展前景。     

镧系元素的双—（9—钨—2—钼磷）杂多酸钾的合成与性质研究

自1971年Peacock等首次合成出以杂多阴离子为配位体的镧系元素的一些杂多配合物[Ln(XW_(11)O_(39))_2]~(n-)(X=P,Si)以来,Zuhairi等又合成出镧的一些其它杂多钨酸盐[La(XW_(11)O_(39))_2]~(n-)(X=B,Si,Ge,P,As)。 为开发新型的镧系元素催化剂,我们系统地研究了镧系元素的杂多钨酸盐和杂多钼酸盐。本文报道有关K_(11)[Ln(PW_9Mo_2O_(39))_2]·nH_2O(Ln=La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Er,Yb)的合成及性质的研究结果。     

Synthesis,crystal structures and magnetic properties of transition metal dicyanamide complexes coordinated with pyridyl nitronyl nitroxides

Two novel complexes Ni(NITpPy)₂[N(CN)₂]₂ · 2H₂O (I) and Zn(NITpPy)₂[N(CN)₂]₂ · 2H₂O (II) (NITpPy = 2-(p-pyridyl)-4,4,5,5- tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide) were synthesized and characterized by infrared spectra, elemental analyses, and UV-Vis techniques. The crystal structures of both complexes have been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Both complexes are of centrosymmetric distorted octahedral co-ordination geometry in which metal ions are bound to two dicyanamide anions, two water molecules, and two radicals through the nitrogen atom of pyridine rings and show one-dimensional chain structure via hydrogen bonds. The magnetic properties of complexes I and II were investigated in the temperature range 5–300 K and discussed in detail. The two compounds exhibit weak intermolecular antiferromagnetic interaction. In complex II, the diamagnetic metal zinc just plays the role of a bridge. The article was submitted by the authors in English.     

Development of a mild mercaptoethanol extraction method for determination of mercury species in biological samples by HPLC–ICP-MS

A mild, efficient and convenient extraction method of using 2-mercaptoethanol contained extractant solution combined with an incubator shaker for determination of mercury species in biological samples by HPLC–ICP-MS has been developed. The effects of the concentration of 2-mercaptoethanol, the composition of the extractant solution and the shaking time on the efficiency of mercury extraction were evaluated. The optimization experiments indicated that the quantitative extraction of mercury species from biological samples could be achieved by using 0.1% (v/v) HCl, 0.1% (v/v) 2-mercapoethanol and 0.15% (m/v) KCl extractant solution in an incubator shaker for shaking overnight (about 12 h) at room temperature. The established method was validated by analysis of various biological certified reference materials, including NRCC DOLT-3 (dogfish liver), IAEA 436 (tuna fish), IAEA MA-B-3/TM (garfish filet), IAEA MA-M-2/TM (mussel tissue), GBW 08193 (bovine liver) and GBW 08572 (prawn). The analytical results of the reference materials were in good agreement with the certified or reference values of both methyl and total mercury, indicating that no distinguishable transformation between mercury species had occurred during the extraction and determination procedures. The limit of detection (LOD) for methyl (CH₃Hg⁺) and inorganic mercury (Hg²⁺) by the method are both as 0.2 μg L⁻¹. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.s) for CH₃Hg⁺ and Hg²⁺ are 3.0% and 5.8%, respectively. The advantages of the developed extraction method are that (1) it is easy to operate in HPLC–ICP-MS for mercury species determination since the extracted solution can be directly injected into the HPLC column without pH adjustment and (2) the memory effect of mercury in the ICP-MS measurement system can be reduced.     

Structures and electrochemical characteristics of several kinds of alloys

The structures and the electrochemical characteristics of La_0.7−x Ce_xMg_0.3Ni_2.8Co_0.5 (x = 0.1–0.5) alloy, Ti_0.25−x Zr_xV_0.35Cr_0.1Ni_0.3 (x = 0.05–0.15) alloy and AB_3<x<5-type alloy, which are the representative examples of AB₃-type alloy, solid solution alloy and non-AB₅-type alloy, respectively, have been investigated, and the performances of MH-Ni battery in which AB_3<x<5 type alloy is used as the negative electrode material are examined at relatively low temperature.     

结合三维静电势参数研究二取代苯的定量结构－疏水性关系

对含有常见取代基的92个二取代苯化合物进行了结构优化和静电势及其导出参数的计算,运用多元线性回归方法对化合物的疏水常数与分子的结构参数进行了关联.结果表明,分子表面负静电势的加和ΣV－S、分子空间内最负的静电势Vmin、表面最大静电势Vs,max以及分子体积V、极性表面积APS和分子的偶极密度μ/V这六个参数,可以很好地用于表达这些化合物疏水性与分子结构间的定量关系,而不用具体考虑分子中极性基团间的相互作用.用建立起来的QSPR(quantitative structure-property relationship)关系式对111个类似化合物的疏水性进行了预测,获得了满意的结果.     

甲烷氧化偶联Ti-La-Li系混合氧化物催化剂

研究了Ti-La-Li三元氧化物的组成、结构及其对甲烷氧化偶联反应的催化性能；用XRD、IR、XPS和SEM等方法对催化剂进行表征，结果表明：在LiTi_xLa_(1-x)O_2系列催化剂中，随x值的不同，可生成LaTi_(1－y)Li_yO_(3-λ)、Li_2TiO_3、La_(0.66)TiO_(2.993)、La_2O_3和Li_(1.33)Ti_(1.66)O_4几种物相，其中，钙钛矿到三元复合氧化物LaTi_(1-y)Li_yO_(3-λ)是甲烷氧化偶联反应的主要活性相，活性位Li~＋-O~－-Ti~(3＋)的形成是活性提高的主要原因．Li_2TiO_3和La_(0.66)TiO_(2.993)是深度氧化活性相，而Li_(1.33)Ti_(1.66)O_4既无偶联活性，也无深度氧化活性．     

Formation and Crystal Structure of Stable Five‐coordinate Diorgano Cobalt(III) Complexes

The mer‐octahedral complexes(2‐carbonyl)(4‐Me)(6‐tBu)phenolato[C,O]hydridotris(trimethylphosphine)cobalt(III) ( 1 ) or ‐(1‐carbonyl)(2‐oxo)(1,2‐diphenylethene)[C,O]hydridotris(trimethylphosphine)cobalt(III) ( 2 ) via formal insertion of propynoic acid ethyl ester into Co‐H functions afford pentacoordinate vinylcobalt(III) 3 and 4 , respectively, that are diamagnetic and attain a square pyramidal structure as exemplified by an X‐ray diffraction analysis of 3 .     

Synthesis and Second‐Order Nonlinearities of Chiral Prolinol‐Substituted Chromophores

A new series of thiophene‐ and furan‐containing chromophores with a chiral prolinol donor and a sulfone acceptor has been synthesized. The UV‐vis absorptions, second‐order nonlinear optical properties, and X‐ray crystal structures are described.     

两个具有PTP1B抑制活性的4-羟基丁内酯化合物的全合成研究

Two new naturally 4-hydroxylated butenolides were concisely synthesized in excellent enantiomeric purities. An aldol condensation and a Suzuki reaction served successfully as the key steps in the synthesis.