Decision support approach based on multiple objectives and resources for assessing the relocation plan of dangerous hillside aggregations

The overdevelopment of hillside areas, coupled with the effects of global climate change, has increased the likelihood of disasters with severe consequences, such as material damages and loss of lives. Thus, there is a great urgency to create relocation plans for dangerous hillside aggregations that are not suitable for human settlement. The government of Taipei City in Taiwan has not properly addressed the assessment needs for decisions involving priority and budget allocation for these relocation projects. This study proposes a hybrid approach combining the Delphi method, fuzzy-logic inference system (FLIS), and the multi-objective programming (MOP) method to assist the city government in dealing with complex aggregation relocation decision problems. Twenty-four projects are tested by the proposed approach. Compared to the original relocation plan, results from this study reveal that the proposed approach is more objective and effective in relocation prioritization, project selection, budget utilization, and resource planning. These results will provide the city government with useful information for improving the relocation plan, thereby reducing the potential for human and material losses due to inadequate decision-making.     

Reactions of osmium coordinated formaldehyde. Synthesis of complexes of selenoformaldehyde and telluroformaldehyde

Os(η²-CH₂O)(CO)₂(PPh₃)₂ reacts with CSe₂ to form a metallacycle O$\text{s(CH}{}_2\text{OC[Se}$]Se)(CO)₂(PPh₃)₂. This compound breaks down to Os(η²-CH₂Se)(CO)₂(PPh₃)₂ with probable loss of COSe. An alternative route to Os(η²-CH₂Se)(CO)₂(PPh₃)₂ and also Os(η²-CH₂Te)(CO)₂(PPh₃)₂ is through reaction of Os(CH₂I)I(CO)₂(PPh₃)₂ with SeH^? and TeH^?, respectively. HCl with Os(η²-CH₂E)(CO)₂(PPh₃)₂ (E = Se or Te) gives OsCl(EMe)(CO)₂(PPh₃)₂ while methyl iodide gives [Os(η²-CH₂EMe)(CO)₂ - (PPh₃)₂] I. BH₄^? reacts with these cations to cleave the CE bond and form Os(CH₃)(EMe)(CO)₂(PPh₃)₂.     

Erratum

The hydrido-thiocarbonyl osmium(II) complexes OsH₂(CS)(PPh₃)₃, OsHCl(CS)(PPh₃)₃, OsH(OClO₃)(CS)(PPh₃)₃, OsHCl(CS)(CNR)(PPh₃)₂ and [OsH(CS)(CO)(PPh₃)₃]⁺, (R = p-tolyl), have been derived from OsCl₂(CS)(PPh₃)₃ and [OsH(CS)(CO)(PPh₃)₃]⁺, the latter can be deprotonated to give the zerolavent complex, Os(CS)(CO)(PPh₃)₃.     

Thiol–enes: Chemistry of the past with promise for the future

The photopolymerization of mixtures of multifunctional thiols and enes is an efficient method for the rapid production of films and thermoset plastics with unprecedented physical and mechanical properties. One of the major obstacles in traditional free‐radical photopolymerization is essentially eliminated in thiol–ene polymerizations because the polymerization occurs in air almost as rapidly as in an inert atmosphere. Virtually any type of ene will participate in a free‐radical polymerization process with a multifunctional thiol. Hence, it is possible to tailor materials with virtually any combination of properties required for a particular application. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 5301–5338, 2004     

Bis(N,N′‐dimethylimidazol‐2‐yl­idene)mercury chlorotriiodo­mercury dimethyl sulfoxide solvate

The double mercury salt [Hg(C₅H₈N₂)₂][HgClI₃]·C₂H₆OS was prepared and its structure characterized. The [Hg(C₅H₈N₂)₂]²⁺ cation lies about an inversion centre and the [HgClI₃]^2? anion lies on a mirror plane. Cations and anions are linked to form a one‐dimensional polymer by weak Hg?Cl interactions [Hg?Cl 3.3744 (3) Å]. The mercury–carbene bond distance [2.076 (7) Å] is typical of a dicationic mercury–carbene species.     

Soft X-ray resonant magnetic diffraction

We have conducted the first soft x-ray diffraction experiments from a bulk single crystal, studying the bilayer manganite La2-2xSr1+2xMn2O7 with x=0.475 in which we were able to access the (002) Bragg reflection using soft x rays. The Bragg reflection displays a strong resonant enhancement at the L(III) and L(II) manganese absorption edges. We demonstrate that the resonant enhancement of the magnetic diffraction of the (001) is extremely large, indeed so large that it exceeds that of the nonresonant Bragg diffraction. Resonant soft x-ray scattering of 3d transition metal oxides is the only technique for the atomic selective measurement of spin, charge, and orbital correlations in materials, such as high temperature superconductors, colossal magnetoresistance manganites, and charge stripe nickelates.