高效合成氯代苯醌基碳糖苷

报道一种简便、高效的氯代苯醌碳糖苷3a (3b)的合成新方法: 以苯醌基碳苷1a (1b)为原料, 经CH3COCl/THF/H2O体系进行加成反应, 高区域选择性获得糖基间位氯代的氢醌基碳苷2a (2b), 继而通过硝酸铈铵(CAN)氧化得到目标结构3a (3b), 并对所合成的化合物进行了结构表征.     

单分散Fe3O4纳米颗粒的控制合成和表征

以十八烯为溶剂、乙酰丙酮铁为铁源,并在油酸、油胺的辅助作用下,通过热分解法成功合成了单分散Fe3O4纳米颗粒。讨论了实验参数如反应温度、表面活性剂的量和种类、溶剂、油酸、油胺对单分散Fe3O4纳米颗粒的尺寸及形貌的影响。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、选区电子衍射（SAED）和高分辨透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）对所得产物的物相、结构、尺寸和形貌进行了表征分析。通过振动样品磁强计（VSM）表征产物磁性能,表明在室温下,Fe3O4纳米颗粒的饱和磁化强度（Ms）和矫顽力（Hc）分别为74.0 emu/g,72.6 Oe。     

尺寸可控氢氧化镧纳米棒的水热合成及表征

以硝酸镧为镧源、三乙胺为碱源和络合剂,通过简便的水热法成功合成了大量均一的氢氧化镧纳米棒。详细研究了三乙胺的用量、表面活性剂、反应温度和时间对产物形貌及尺寸的影响。基于实验结果,提出了氢氧化镧纳米棒的形成机理。同时制备了稀土掺杂的氢氧化镧纳米棒。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、选区电子衍射（SAED）和高分辨透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）对所得产物的物相、结构和形貌进行了表征分析。     

Ni3(HCOO)6/还原氧化石墨烯复合电极材料的制备及电容性能

以氧化石墨烯(GO)为前驱体, Ni(NO₃)₂·6H₂O为镍源, 甲酸为配体, N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂, 通过一步溶剂热法制备了Ni₃(HCOO)₆/rGO复合电极材料. 研究结果表明, 通过金属镍离子和配体在氧化石墨烯表面超分子自组装成核, 形成了“三明治”式的夹心复合结构; 不同的GO浓度对复合材料的物相结构、 晶体尺寸大小、 形貌及电化学性能有很大的影响; 当GO的浓度为8 mg/mL时, 在100 ℃下反应24 h得到的Ni₃(HCOO)₆/rGO复合材料在电解液为1 mol/L KOH, 5 mV/s下比电容高达940 F/g, 经过500次充放电循环后电容的保持率为96.28%.     

皱褶表面介孔镍钴硫化物微球的制备及其超电性能

通过一步水热法分别合成了α-NiS、Co₃S₄和CoNi₂S₄纳米介孔电极材料,并研究了其电化学性能。 X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究表明,介孔硫化物是由单相纳米颗粒堆叠组装而成,其中二元系的CoNi₂S₄由纳米片自组装形成了具有皱褶表面的微球形貌。 电化学性能研究表明,二元系的CoNi₂S₄比α-NiS、Co₃S₄具有更高的比电容、更佳的倍率特性和优异的循环稳定性。 在扫描速率为5 mV/s时,CoNi₂S₄材料在6 mol/L KOH电解液中比电容高达1678.3 F/g,优于α-NiS (787.4 F/g)和Co₃S₄(1532.7 F/g),在扫描速率从5 mV/s增加到100 mV/s时,其电容保持率为45.8%,比α-NiS(30.2%)和Co₃S₄(29.3%)高出约15%。 在15A/g的电流密度下,经过900次循环充-放电后,二元系的CoNi₂S₄的电容仍保持在96.3%,库伦效率保持在94.3%左右,说明镍钴双金属硫化物具有优异的循环稳定性能和充放电可逆性。     

Antimicrobial activity-guided identification of compounds from the deciduous leaves of Malus doumeri by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS

This paper intends to identify the antimicrobial activity compounds from the deciduous leaves of Malus doumeri (Dong Li Tea) by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. The ethanol extracts of Malus doumeri were partitioned into petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water fraction, respectively. The antimicrobial screening experiments showed that ethyl acetate fraction has a certain antibacterial activity by inhibition zone method in vitro. And then we used the HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS method to verify the identities of bioactive compounds. Finally, 41 compounds were determined and 11 of which were firstly reported in this plant. Notably, compounds (32, 34, 38) are new dihydrochalcones, and three chlorogenic acid analogues (10, 13, 17) may be potential antimicrobial active ingredient. Which is of great significance to the isolation of novel compounds and the discovery of new natural preservative candidates from the deciduous leaves of Malus doumeri.     

Inhibition of HER2‐Positive Breast Cancer Growth by Blocking the HER2 Signaling Pathway with HER2‐Glycan‐Imprinted Nanoparticles

Blocking the HER2 signaling pathway has been an effective strategy in the treatment of HER2‐positive breast cancer. It mainly relies on the use of monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine‐kinase inhibitors. Herein, we present a new strategy, the nano molecularly imprinted polymer (nanoMIP). The nanoMIPs, imprinted using HER2 N‐glycans, could bind almost all HER2 glycans and suppress the dimerization of HER2 with other HER family members, blocking the downstream signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting HER2+ breast cancer growth. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the nanoMIPs specifically targeted HER2+ cells and inhibited cell proliferation by 30 %. In vivo experiments indicated that the mean tumor volume of the nanoMIP‐treated group was only about half of that of the non‐treated groups. This study provides not only a new possibility to treat of HER2+ breast cancer but also new evidence to boost further development of nanoMIPs for cancer therapy.     

Ce(VI)与6种天然黄酮化合物的氧化还原体系及其应用

选取结构相近的6种天然黄酮化合物：槲皮素(Quercetin)、山奈酚(Kaempferol)、木犀草素(Luteolin)、柚皮素(Naringenin)、黄芩素（Baicalein）和芹菜素（Apigenin）,利用紫外可见分光光度法,结合微量滴定手段,追踪并记录了6种黄酮化合物与Ce(Ⅳ)形成的氧化还原体系的紫外吸收信号,根据化合物对Ce(Ⅳ)响应差异,探讨了不同位置酚羟基对化合物抗氧化活性的贡献及作用机制。 结果表明,色原酮C环上3-OH首先与Ce(Ⅳ)作用,发生质子解离而氧化,其氧化产物在294 nm产生较强的吸收峰,3′,4′邻位-OH有利于在氧化剂Ce(Ⅳ)存在时4′羟基解离形成分子内氢键,紫外吸收光谱带Ⅱ的双峰会明显分离。 其它位置的酚羟基也会对Ce(Ⅳ)产生响应,且C环上的羟基比A环上的更灵敏。 同时,低浓度的黄酮会引起Ce(Ⅳ)的吸光度明显降低,由此得出6种化合物抗氧化能力顺序为Quercetin＞aempferol＞Luteolin＞Apigenin＞Baicalein＞Naringenin,与化合物的紫外吸收光谱响应灵敏度一致。     

Structural Characterization of a Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua Tuber Polysaccharide and Its Contribution to Moisture Retention and Moisture-Proofing of Porous Carbohydrate Material

Porous carbohydrate materials such as tobacco shreds readily absorb moisture and become damp during processing, storage, and consumption (smoking). Traditional humectants have the ability of moisture retention but moisture-proofing is poor. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua polysaccharide (PCP 85−1−1) was separated by fractional precipitation and was purified by anion exchange and gel permeation chromatography. The average molecular weight (Mw) of PCP 85−1−1 was 2.88 × 10³ Da. The monosaccharide composition implied that PCP 85−1−1 consisted of fucose, glucose, and fructose, and the molar ratio was 22.73:33.63:43.65. When 2% PCP 85−1−1 was added to tobacco shreds, the ability of moisture retention and moisture-proofing were significantly enhanced. The moisture retention index (MRI) and moisture-proofing index (MPI) increased from 1.95 and 1.67 to 2.11 and 2.14, respectively. Additionally, the effects of PCP 85−1−1 on the aroma and taste of tobacco shreds were evaluated by electronic tongue and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). These results indicated that PCP 85−1−1 had the characteristics of preventing water absorption under high relative humidity and moisturizing under dry conditions. The problem that traditional humectants are poorly moisture-proof was solved. PCP 85−1−1 can be utilized as a natural humectant on porous carbohydrates, which provides a reference for its development and utilization.     

丙烷直接合成烃类氧化物的进步与发展

结合丙烷氧化反应的热力学和动力学特点,从催化剂选择氧化反应技术应用方面,评述了近年来丙烷选择氧化直接合成烃类氧化物技术的进步和发展趋势.提出了利用二氧化碳作氧化剂、n-p复合型半导体材料作催化剂,并借助光表面催化反应技术来直接合成烃类氧化物的新思路,以期进一步扩大丙烷和二氧化碳利用的范围和途径.