HFIP-Functionalized Co3O4 Micro-Nano-Octahedra/rGO as a Double-Layer Sensing Material for Chemical Warfare Agents

Semiconductor metal oxides (SMO)-based gas-sensing materials suffer from insufficient detection of a specific target gas. Reliable selectivity, high sensitivity, and rapid response–recovery times under various working conditions are the main requirements for optimal gas sensors. Chemical warfare agents (CWA) such as sarin are fatal inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase in the nerve system. So, sensing materials with high sensitivity and selectivity toward CWA are urgently needed. Herein, micro-nano octahedral Co₃O₄ functionalized with hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) were deposited on a layer of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a double-layer sensing materials. The Co₃O₄ micro-nano octahedra were synthesized by direct growth from electrospun fiber templates calcined in ambient air. The double-layer rGO/Co₃O₄-HFIP sensing materials presented high selectivity toward DMMP (sarin agent simulant, dimethyl methyl phosphonate) versus rGO/Co₃O₄ and Co₃O₄ sensors after the exposure to various gases owing to hydrogen bonding between the DMMP molecules and Co₃O₄-HFIP. The rGO/Co₃O₄-HFIP sensors showed high stability with a response signal around 11.8 toward 0.5 ppm DMMP at 125 °C, and more than 75 % of the initial response was maintained under a saturated humid environment (85 % relative humidity). These results prove that these double-layer inorganic–organic composite sensing materials are excellent candidates to serve as optimal gas-sensing materials.     

约束Fractional Tikhonov正则化的模迭代方法

反问题是现在数学物理研究中的一个热点问题,而反问题求解面临的一个本质性困难是不适定性。求解不适定问题的普遍方法是:用与原不适定问题相“邻近”的适定问题的解去逼近原问题的解,这种方法称为正则化方法.如何建立有效的正则化方法是反问题领域中不适定问题研究的重要内容.当前,最为流行的正则化方法有基于变分原理的Tikhonov正则化及其改进方法,此类方法是求解不适定问题的较为有效的方法,在各类反问题的研究中被广泛采用,并得到深入研究.     

Acid-mediated four-component tandem cyclization: Access to multifused 1,3-benzoxazine frameworks

An acid-mediated multicomponent reaction has been developed for the direct synthesis of multifused 1,3-benzoxazine derivatives from simple and readily available arylglyoxal monohydrates and 2-aminobenzyl alcohols under mild conditions. This novel protocol is proposed to proceed through intramolecular poly-heterocyclizations, thus leading to the formation of three new rings and six new chemical bonds, including four CN and two CO bonds.     

Self-healing hyperbranched polytriazoles prepared by metal-free click polymerization of propiolate and azide monomers

The last decade has witnessed the quick develop of self-healing materials. As a newborn strategy, the alternative of irreversible covalent bond formation is, however, to be further developed. In this paper, self-healing hyperbranched poly(aroxycarbonyltriazole) based on such mechanism were prepared by our developed metal-free click polymerization of simplified dipropiolate and triazide. Thanks to their excellent processability and film-forming ability, high quality homogeneous films free from defects were obtained by casting. The cut films could be healed by stacking or pressing the halves together at room temperature and elevated temperature. Thus, this design concept for self-healing materials should be generally applicable to other hyperbranched polymers with reactive groups on their peripheries.     

Enhanced Performance of a Lithium–Sulfur Battery Using a Carbonate‐Based Electrolyte

The lithium–sulfur battery is regarded as one of the most promising candidates for lithium–metal batteries with high energy density. However, dendrite Li formation and low cycle efficiency of the Li anode as well as unstable sulfur based cathode still hinder its practical application. Herein a novel electrolyte (1 m LiODFB/EC‐DMC‐FEC) is designed not only to address the above problems of Li anode but also to match sulfur cathode perfectly, leading to extraordinary electrochemical performances. Using this electrolyte, lithium|lithium cells can cycle stably for above 2000 hours and the average Coulumbic efficiency reaches 98.8 %. Moreover, the Li–S battery delivers a reversible capacity of about 1400 mAh g^?1_sulfur with retention of 89 % for 1100 cycles at 1 C, and a capacity above 1100 mAh g^?1_sulfur at 10 C. The more advantages of this cell system are its outstanding cycle stability at 60 °C and no self‐discharge phenomena.     

香豆素基Schiff碱类化合物的合成及抗氧化性能

以2,3,4-三甲氧基苯甲醛为原料,经脱甲基、Knoevenagel缩合、亲核加成等反应合成了2个香豆素基Schiff碱类化合物,其结构经核磁共振谱(¹H NMR))和质谱(MS)确证。 并采用淬灭二苯代苦味肼基自由基(DPPH)、2,2'-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)和羟自由基等方法对其体外抗氧化性能进行了表征。 结果表明,目标化合物对3种自由基均具有一定的淬灭活性,其中对DPPH和羟自由基的淬灭活性高于母体化合物7,8-二甲氧基-3-氨基香豆素,具有较高的抗氧化活性。     

Photodissociation of iodocyclohexane at 266 and 277 nm: Energy partitioning and curve crossing analysis

The photodissociation dynamics of iodocyclohexane (C₆H₁₁I) at 266 and 277 nm has been investigated by ion velocity imaging technique. The velocity distributions, angular distributions and relative quantum yields are obtained for I (²P_3/2) (denoted I) and I (²P_1/2) (denoted I*) fragments. The energy partitioning shows that about 70% of the available energy goes into the internal excitation of the photofragments for both dissociation channels. From the angular distributions, we found the value of the anisotropy parameter β for I* at the corresponding excitation wavelength was less than that for I. Based on the measured angular distributions and relative quantum yields, the relative fractions of each excited state to the products are determined. The curve crossing probabilities between the ³Q₀ and ¹Q₁ states are determined 0.503 at 266 nm and 0.443 at 277 nm.     

负载型复合半导体V2O5-TiO2/SiO2表面V2O5和TiO2的相互修饰作用

 采用表面改性法制备了负载型复合半导体材料V2O5-TiO2/SiO2,并用X射线衍射、比表面积测定、拉曼光谱、程序升温还原和紫外-可见漫反射光谱等技术对固体材料的结构和光响应性能进行了表征. 结果表明,V2O5和TiO2在负载型复合半导体V2O5-TiO2/SiO2表面有相互修饰的作用. 一方面,V2O5能扩展TiO2的光响应范围,使TiO2的吸光区域由紫外光区拓宽至可见光区,从而提高了复合半导体对光能的利用率; 另一方面,TiO2则有助于提高V2O5在载体表面的分散程度,抑制VOx的聚合,减小V2O5的微晶尺寸,提高固体材料的能隙值和氧化还原能力.