Temperature-dependent magnetic moment in the MnAs-CrAs system

Magnetic susceptibilities have been measured for the mixed compounds Mn_1−xCr_xAs (0≤x≤1) and the compound MnP in the temperature region up to 1400 K. The _X¹_g vs. T curves of Mn_1−xCr_xAs follow the Curie-Weiss law only in the temperature region where the crystal structure is of the B8₁ type. Some important problems are pointed out from the data.     

Optical corrosion meter

In a previous study, a mathematical model relating surface and bulk behaviours of metals in aqueous solution has been developed. The model was established based on principles of holographic interferometry for measuring microsurface dissolution, i.e. mass loss, and on those of electrochemistry for measuring the bulk electronic current, i.e. corrosion current. In the present work, an optical corrosion meter was built based on the above model. The corrosion meter consists of an electrochemical cell in which the sample is immersed in aqueous solution. Furthermore, the corrosion meter has a holographic camera with a thermoplastic film for in situ processing of holograms in order to obtain real-time holographic interferoms of the sample in the electrochemical cell. Results of the present work indicate that optical holography is a very useful technique for measuring the corrosion current density of different alloys in aqueous solutions. As a result, the corrosion current density of aluminium, stainless steel, and low-carbon steel in 1 M KCl, 1 M NaCl, and 1 M NaOH solutions were obtained. A comparison between the corrosion data of samples showed that the corrosion current density of the stainless steel in 1 M NaCl is nearly three-folds higher than that of the aluminium in 1 M KCl and the low-carbon steel in 1 M NaOH.     

Fast electrons generation by RF and random fields near the antenna I. One dimensional model and regular fields

Test particle motion and acceleration has been explored in strong radio frequency (RF) fields, for which quasilinear ponderomotive force approximation is not valid. By nonlinear acceleration in spatially varying wave amplitude of RF travelling wave, electrons may be accelerated to time averaged velocities significantly larger than the RF wave phase velocity, and than the boundary plasma thermal velocity, in RF fields of several Volts per centimeter at wave frequency of 7 MHz. It is also demonstrated that even weak spatial gradients, much weaker than those expected in experiments, of the RF wave field amplitude, have significant consequences for the particle motion. Estimates are presented of the total energy transferred from the near antenna RF field to the plasma due to the nonlinear electron acceleration effects.     

New critical dimensions forq-deformed bosonic string

Applying the mass shell condition forq-deformed open and closed strings, new critical space-time dimensions are derived. Supported by the Algerian Ministry of High Education and Research under contract N^oD2501/17/01/93. Permanent address.     

Transient binary nucleation from ethanol-hexanol vapour

We study condensation of ethanol-hexanol vapour by numerical solution of kinetic equations. The number of droplets formed in unit volume is computed within self-consistent classical model. It is shown that formation of ethanol-rich droplets prevails at the initial stage of nucleation process, but in the stationary state formation of droplets near the saddle point (on cluster formation energy surface) plays the dominant role. Presented at the 6th Joint Seminar “Development of Materials Science in Research and Education”, Karlštejn, Czech Republic, 17–19 September 1996. This work was supported by Grant No. A1010615 of the Grant Agency of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic.     

The gas dynamics of current-limiting devices during immobility time

The aim of this paper is to extend our knowledge about the gas-dynamic processes in arcs during immobility time. For this purpose, the conservation equations in a magnetohydrodynamic approximation were coupled with the thermochemical and Maxwell equations. Special features arc the introduction of dissociation and ionization of nitrogen and oxygen, and the simultaneous calculation of the distributions of current density and magnetic induction in the arc. Numerical calculations were performed with a reduced two-dimensional (2-D) time-dependent model. Results of the calculations were compared with measurements. The development in time of the measured and calculated are voltage and arc chamber pressure show very good agreement. The pumping effect of the double vortex in the arc region was confirmed by optical measurements. It is concluded that the three-layer model is a good representation for the main physical features during the immobility time, and that the presence of highly conducting gas in the downstream region of the arc is essential for its downstream movement     

Variational treatment for the dynamical pseudo Jahn-Teller system

We present a variational treatment for the E × e pseudo Jahn-Teller system. Through canonical transformation the electron and phonon states are decoupled. An analytical form is obtained for the ground state energy by scaling transformation. Including both the dynamical displacement of phonon modes and the softening of phonon frequency, this approach yields fairly accurate results for the ground state energy. The energy splitting and Ham's reduction factor are calculated, which also generates fairly good results compared with other perturbation results. We argue that our variational wave function is valid for the weak and intermediate coupling range.     

Classical versus Jennings model for the ground state of H near a metallic surface

We show that, contrary to earlier reports, application of the one-parameter variational technique to the classical (image) model for H in front of an Al surface leads to energy shifts for the ground state which are very close to those obtained numerically with a more sophisticated model of the system.