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Robson B Li J Dettinger R Peters A Boyer SK 《Journal of computer-aided molecular design》2011,25(5):427-441
A patent data base of 6.7 million compounds generated by a very high performance computer (Blue Gene) requires new techniques
for exploitation when extensive use of chemical similarity is involved. Such exploitation includes the taxonomic classification
of chemical themes, and data mining to assess mutual information between themes and companies. Importantly, we also launch
candidates that evolve by “natural selection” as failure of partial match against the patent data base and their ability to
bind to the protein target appropriately, by simulation on Blue Gene. An unusual feature of our method is that algorithms
and workflows rely on dynamic interaction between match-and-edit instructions, which in practice are regular expressions.
Similarity testing by these uses SMILES strings and, less frequently, graph or connectivity representations. Examining how
this performs in high throughput, we note that chemical similarity and novelty are human concepts that largely have meaning
by utility in specific contexts. For some purposes, mutual information involving chemical themes might be a better concept. 相似文献
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De Jesus RM Junior MM Matos GD Dos Santos AM Ferreira SL 《Journal of AOAC International》2011,94(3):942-946
This paper presents the validation of a system for sample digestion using a digester block/cold finger to determine the lead content in vegetables by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). After mineralization, lead contents were determined by ETAAS using a calibration curve based on aqueous standards prepared in 2.60 M nitric acid solutions containing 5 microg ammonium phosphate as chemical modifier. A pyrolysis temperature of 900 degrees C and atomization temperature of 2000 degrees C were used. This method allowed the determination of lead with a characteristic mass of 35 pg; LOD and LOQ of 0.6 and 2 nglg, respectively, were found. The precision was investigated in terms of reproducibility and repeatability. Reproducibility was estimated by analysis of nine different portions of a certified reference material (CRM) of spinach leaves, and the repeatability was determined through the analysis of nine aliquots of the same solution. The reproducibility and repeatability were found to be 4.27 and 2.94% RSD, respectively. The accuracy was confirmed by analysis of whole meal flour, spinach leaves, and orchard leaves CRMs, all furnished by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Lead contents were measured using the newly developed technique in 11 different potato samples. The lead contents ranged from 12.80 to 69.27 ng/g, with an average value of 28.59 ng/g. These values were in agreement with data reported in the literature. 相似文献
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Hydrochlorothiazide is a common diuretic antihypertensive drug of the thiazide family. Its poor aqueous solubility is one of the reasons for its limited bioavailability after oral administration. This work aimed at the development of a hydrochlorothiazide:β-cyclodextrin (HTZ:β-CD) pharmaceutical composition in order to improve water solubility and bioavailability of the drug. The HTZ:β-CD complexes were prepared by three different methods: spray-drying, freeze-drying and fluid bed. Complexes were characterized by thermal analysis, Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffractometry, NMR (2D-ROESY), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle analysis and intrinsic dissolution. The findings reveal that three binary systems prepared presented better solubility results in comparison with free HTZ. Increased diuretic effect was observed to HTZ:β-CD obtained by fluid bed in comparison to free drug in rats. Results taken together suggest that pharmacological effect of HTZ in complex was increased by solubility improvement promoted by cyclodextrin. 相似文献
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Ivana Lula Maria F. Gomes Dorila Piló-Veloso Antonio L.O. de Noronha Hélio A. Duarte Robson A.S. Santos Rubén D. Sinisterra 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》2006,56(3-4):293-302
In the present work, inclusion complexes of spironolactone (SP) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in solid phase and aqueous solution were studied by solubility methods, NMR spectroscopy and thermal analysis. The results
showed different kinds of complexations when freeze-drying and kneading methods were used. The freeze-drying product (1:1,
SP:β-CD) showed lower degree of complexation and stability than the (1:2, SP:β-CD) compound obtained by kneading method. The spironolactone molecule was also studied by NMR spectroscopy at 400 MHz. The
chemical shifts of all spironolactone atoms and their inclusion compounds were assigned. Extensive use of 1D and 2D NMR techniques,
including ROESY experiment, allowed verifying the position of the spironolactone molecule inside the cyclodextrin cavity in
both situations. In addition, DFTB-SCC quantum mechanical calculations of the inclusion compounds were performed. The predicted
structural properties are in good agreement with ROESY NMR results. 相似文献
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