Neurological and neurobehavioral assessment of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage

About 50% of humans with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) die and many survivors have neurological and neurobehavioral dysfunction. Animal studies usually focused on cerebral vasospasm and sometimes neuronal injury. The difference in endpoints may contribute to lack of translation of treatments effective in animals to humans. We reviewed prior animal studies of SAH to determine what neurological and neurobehavioral endpoints had been used, whether they differentiated between appropriate controls and animals with SAH, whether treatment effects were reported and whether they correlated with vasospasm. Only a few studies in rats examined learning and memory. It is concluded that more studies are needed to fully characterize neurobehavioral performance in animals with SAH and assess effects of treatment.     

Investigations of the Effects of Salt and Biopolymer Ratio on Sodium Caseinate-Xanthan Interactions in Aqueous Solution and Emulsions

The aim of this work was to investigate interactions that can take place between, proteins and polysaccharides, in the presence of electrolytes. Thus, our objective was to study the influence of NaCl addition on the associative and/or segregative interactions in the case of biopolymer mixtures and fine emulsions stabilized by sodium caseinate, by analysis of the rheological properties and zeta potential. From the experimental results, it was shown that the presence of salt affects the rheological and physicochemical properties of the aqueous phase and consequently the emulsion stability. Indeed, the electrolytes can modify the conformation of proteins and polysaccharides, by electric neutralization of their charge, as they can generate a complex coacervation or increase their incompatibility.     

Hydrothermal synthesis of a mixed-valence hexamolybdate cluster: crystal structure of [HN(CH2CH2)3N]2[HMoVMoVI5O19]·[N(CH2CH2)3N]

The hydrothermal reaction of MoO₃, V, Na₂WO₄· 2H₂O, [N(CH₂CH₂)₃N](1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2] octane), and H₂O at 160°C for 90h gave dark-brown crystals of [HN(CH₂CH₂)₃N]₂[HMo^VMo^VI ₅O¹⁹]·[N(CH₂CH₂)₃N], (1), in 40% yield. Complex (1) is the first one-electron reduced mixed-valence hexamolybdate to be crystallized and structurally characterized. The crystal structure of (1) consists of discrete [HMo^VMo^VI ₅O₁₉]^2– anions, [HN-(CH₂CH₂)₃N]⁺ cations, and neutral [N(CH₂CH₂)₃N] molecules of crystallization.     

Transient natural convection: scale analysis of dry cooling towers

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Transient free convection from a heated surface immersed in a cold ambient is investigated using scale analysis. The heated plate is our model for the...     

Dissolution kinetics of copper(II) oxide in water saturated by sulphur dioxide

The dissolution and the kinetics of dissolution of cooper(II) oxide in water saturated by sulphur dioxide has been studied. In the experiments, the particle size, the flow rate of the gas, the solid to liquid ratio, and the reaction temperature have been chosen as parameters, while the stirring rate was held constant. As a result of present experiments, it was observed that the decrease of the particle size, the solid to liquid ratio, and an increase of the reaction temperature increased the dissolution rate. It was also observed that the flow rate of sulphur dioxide in the range of its flow rate values did not affect the dissolution rate. The reaction kinetics of copper(II) oxide according to the heterogeneous reaction models was examined and it was found that the dissolution rate was controlled by chemical reaction. The calculated activation energy is 66.50 kJmol^?1. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Optishift PMR spectroscopic studies on some quinoxaline amino esters and dipeptides

Optishift pmr spectral measurements on a series of N-(2-quinoxaloyl)α-amino esters and the C₃-CH₃ analogues indicate that their L-isomers are optically pure. Such measurements also show that the Eu atom in Eu(tfc)₃ preferentially complexes with the amide carbonyl. Similar optishift pmr studies on model quinoxaline-dipeptide esters reveal that the amino-terminal α-amino acid suffers appreciable racemization during the coupling process with triphenylphosphite-pyridine, whereas no detectable racemization is observed with diphenylphosphoryl azide. A Bystrov's model is suggested for the quinoxaline-dipeptide-Eu complexes studied. The benzylic protons of phenylalanine and the isopropyl methyls in their quinoxaline derivatives show signal splitting due to diastereotopy in the presence of Eu(tfc)₃.     

Inhibition of Cu-amyloid-β by using bifunctional peptides with β-sheet breaker and chelator moieties

Breaking the mold: Inhibition of toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates and disruption of Cu-Aβ with subsequent redox-silencing of Cu have been considered promising strategies against Alzheimer's disease. The design and proof of concept of simple peptides containing a Cu-chelating/redox-silencing unit and an Aβ-aggregation inhibition unit (β-sheet breaker) is described (see scheme).     

Description of 160Dy nucleus by partial dynamical SU(3) symmetry

We considered the characteristic features of SU(3) partial dynamical symmetry in the interacting boson model framework to show the relevance of such intermediate symmetry structure in the nuclear spectroscopy of the ¹⁶⁰Dy nucleus. The predictions of SU(3)-PDS for the energy spectrum and the transition probabilities were compared with the most recent experimental data and an acceptable degree of agreement was achieved.     

Transition (Mn,Fe) and rare earth (La,Pr) metal doped ceria solid solutions for high performance photocatalysis: Effect of metal doping on catalytic activity

Research on Chemical Intermediates - In this work, various transition and rare earth metal ions (M3+; M = Mn3+, Fe3+, La3+, and Pr3+) doped CeO2 solid solutions were prepared by a...