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81.
Renata Wietecha Paweł Kościelniak Teresa Lech Tomasz Kielar 《Mikrochimica acta》2005,149(1-2):137-144
This study describes a simple, rapid and reliable method for simultaneous determination of selenium and arsenic in human hair by means of atomic fluorescence spectrometry combined with a hydride generation technique (HG-AFS). The procedure developed encompasses microwave digestion of a sample in the nitric acid environment only. The interferences caused by nitrous oxides are eliminated by removing a gas from above the digested solution with a stream of argon. The sample is then chemically treated in a flow-through hydride generation system and exposed to measurements in a double-channel atomic fluorescence spectrometer. The method permits determining both analytes in the linear range of 0.5–100µgL–1 with a detection limit equal to 0.2µgL–1, as well as with very good repeatability not exceeding 1% for Se and 2% for As. No mutual interferences from either of the analytes in the concentrations ranges matching the hair composition were found. The method was verified in terms of accuracy with the use of a reference material and then applied to the analysis of the natural samples of human hair. 相似文献
82.
Using voltammetric, galvanostatic and potentiostatic techniques, the electrodeposition of cuprous thiocyanate on a copper amalgam electrode has been studied in acidic solutions containing various thiocyanate ion concentrations. Under the conditions used, the formation of two successive monolayers of CuSCN could be studied before the onset of bulk deposition. It was found that the formation of the first monolayer proceeds according to a complex adsorption-nucleation and growth mechanism. In the first stage, cuprous thiocyanate is adsorbed on the amalgam electrode; in the second, the disordered layer of adsorbate rearranges to form two-dimensional crystalline centres; and in the third stage, these centres grow, completing the formation of the entire monolayer. The second monolayer is formed in a much simpler way, according to a mechanism of two-dimensional, instantaneous nucleation and growth. At high thiocyanate ion concentration, the formation of the CuSCN layer is obscurred by the extensive formation of solution soluble species. 相似文献
83.
Density functional theory calculations were carried out to investigate the electronic structures of Keggin-typed [XMo12O40]n− and [XW12O40]n− anions with different heteroatoms (X = Zn2+, B3+, Al3+, Ga3+, Si4+, Ge4+, P5+, As5+, and S6+). The influence of solvent on redox properties of heteropolyanions was discussed. For [XW12O40]n− systems two linear correlation: first, between the experimental redox potential and energies of LUMO orbital; and second, between the experimental redox potential and total energy interaction (calculated between internal tetrahedron (XO4n−), and rest of Kegging anion skeleton, (W12O36)) were designated. Taking into account the similarity of XW12O40n− and XMo12O40n− systems (in geometry and electronic structure), the estimated redox potential of molybdenum heteropolyanions (with X being p block elements) in different solvent were proposed. 相似文献
84.
Braga Renata M. Melo Dulce M. A. Melo Marcus A. F. Freitas Julio C. O. Boateng Akwasi A. 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2022,147(12):6655-6663
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) is one such resource with a great amount of carbohydrate and lignin polymers that together represent high... 相似文献
85.
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - The article presents the results of research and an analysis of the possibility of using sinters made of graphite powder as a material dedicated to the... 相似文献
86.
Jose′ L. F. C. Lima Antoacutenio O. S. S. Rangel M. Renata S. Souto 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1997,358(5):657-662
A flow injection system was developed for the sequential determination of total nitrogen and phosphorus in digests of vegetables
using potentiometric and spectrophotometric detection systems, respectively. A tubular ammonium selective electrode with a
sensor system composed of nonactin/monactin in tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate was used. The selectivity limitations of this
electrode were overcome by the inclusion of a gas-diffusion unit in the system that separated ammonium from the rest of the
sample matrix and allowed the determination of total nitrogen and phosphorus by the partition of the sample plug between two
streams.
The results obtained with the developed FIA system were in good agreement with those of the reference methods. Sampling rates
from 40 to 60 samples per hour and relative standard deviations below 3.5% were achieved.
Received: 17 October 1996/Revised: 21 November 1996/Accepted: 27 November 1996 相似文献
87.
Flow injection system with gas diffusion for the sequential determination of total nitrogen and phosphorus in vegetables 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jose´ L. F. C. Lima Antoacutenio O. S. S. Rangel M. Renata S. Souto 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》1997,358(5):657-662
A flow injection system was developed for the sequential determination of total nitrogen and phosphorus in digests of vegetables
using potentiometric and spectrophotometric detection systems, respectively. A tubular ammonium selective electrode with a
sensor system composed of nonactin/monactin in tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate was used. The selectivity limitations of this
electrode were overcome by the inclusion of a gas-diffusion unit in the system that separated ammonium from the rest of the
sample matrix and allowed the determination of total nitrogen and phosphorus by the partition of the sample plug between two
streams.
The results obtained with the developed FIA system were in good agreement with those of the reference methods. Sampling rates
from 40 to 60 samples per hour and relative standard deviations below 3.5% were achieved.
Received: 17 October 1996/Revised: 21 November 1996/Accepted: 27 November 1996 相似文献
88.
89.
Łukasz Woźniak Krystian Marszałek Sylwia Skąpska Renata Jędrzejczak 《Chromatographia》2017,80(10):1527-1533
Triterpenic acids are a group of secondary plant metabolites which are part of the cuticular waxes covering fruits, leaves, and flowers. To date, quantitative analysis of these compounds has often been conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with spectrophotometric detection or mass spectrometry; however, these methods have some major drawbacks. This paper reports a new method of analysis implementing derivatization with 9-anthryldiazomethane and fluorescence detection. The method consists of the extraction of analytes from a matrix, purification with anion exchanging SPE columns, and an optional step of the alkaline hydrolysis of triterpenic acid esters. The paper also describes a fast and easy method for the synthesis of the derivatization agent. The detection limits of the method presented are approximately 100-fold lower than in a similar method using ultraviolet spectrophotometry as the mode of detection. The recovery and repeatability of the method are at satisfactory levels. 相似文献
90.
Alex Virgilio Renata Stabile Amais Daniela Schiavo José Anchieta Gomes Neto Joaquim de Araújo Nóbrega 《Analytical letters》2017,50(5):842-852
A procedure for the determination of As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, and V in phytotherapy medicines by inductively coupled plasma–tandem mass spectrometry is reported. The use of tandem mass spectrometry with oxygen into an octopole reaction system at various gas flow rates and the combination of on-mass and mass-shift modes was evaluated. Cadmium, Cr, Ni, and Pb were determined as free atomic ions while As and V were determined as the oxides AsO+ and VO+ in the same run. Samples were prepared by microwave-assisted digestion with dilute nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Two plant-certified reference materials (apple leaves and tomato leaves) were used to check the accuracy. For tandem mass spectrometry with 0.5?mL min?1 O2, recoveries in the 85–113% were typically obtained and no statistical differences were observed at the 95% confidence level (t-test) in comparison with the certified values. Using these conditions, the limits of detection for the method were 0.01, 0.0002, 0.008, 0.008, 0.003, and 0.002?µg g?1 for As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, and V, respectively. The procedure was used for the analysis of four phytotherapic drugs and the determined concentrations were up to 0.168?µg g?1 As, 0.03?µg g?1 Cd, 0.82?µg g?1 Cr, 1.18?µg g?1 Ni, 0.52?µg g?1 Pb, and 2.4?µg g?1 V with average precision values of 8% as the relative standard deviation. The found concentrations were compared with limits proposed in official guidelines and, in most cases, the values were below the maximum limits allowed. 相似文献