Temperature dependence of the crystal structure and g-values of trans-diaquabis(methoxyacetato)copper(II): evidence for a thermal equilibrium between complexes with tetragonally elongated and compressed geometries

The crystal structures of trans-diaquabis(methoxyacetato)copper(II) and the isostructural nickel(II) complex have been determined over a wide temperature range. In conjunction with the reported behavior of the g-values, the structural data suggest that the copper(II) compound exhibits a thermal equilibrium between three structural forms, two having orthorhombically distorted, tetragonally elongated geometries but with the long and intermediate bonds to different atoms, and the third with a tetragonally compressed geometry. This is apparently the first reported example of a copper(II) complex undergoing an equilibrium between tetragonally elongated and compressed forms. The optical spectrum of single crystals of the copper(II) compound is used to obtain metal-ligand bonding parameters which yield the g-values of the compressed form of the complex and hence the proportions of the complex in each structural form at every temperature. When combined with estimates of the Jahn-Teller distortions of the different forms, the latter produce excellent agreement with the observed temperature dependence of the bond lengths. The behavior of an infrared combination band is consistent with such a thermal equilibrium, as is the temperature dependence of the thermal ellipsoid parameters and the XAFS. The potential surfaces of the different forms of the copper(II) complex have been calculated by a model based upon Jahn-Teller coupling. It is suggested that cooperative effects may cause the development of the population of tetragonally compressed complexes, and the crystal packing is consistent with this hypothesis, though the present model may oversimplify the diversity of structural forms present at high temperature.     

Rapid spectrofluorimetric determination of plasma salicylate with edta and terbium

A rapid single-reagent spectrofluorimetric assay for salicylate in human blood plasma is reported. The method is based on ternary complex formation with terbium and EDTA in alkaline solution; it requires only 10 μl of plasma, and protein precipitation is not necessary. Within-assay relative standard deviations were better than 2.5%, and correlation with the Trinder method was excellent. The procedure is particularly suited for emergency use in cases of suspected aspirin poisoning.     

Singing power ratio: Quantitative evaluation of singing voice quality

This paper presents a parameter for objectively evaluating singing voice quality. Power spectrum of vowel sound / a / was analyzed by Fast Fourier Transform. The greatest harmonics peak between 2 and 4 kHz and the greatest harmonics peak between 0 and 2 kHz were identified. Power ratio of these peaks, termed singing power ratio (SPR), was calculated in 37 singers and 20 nonsingers. SPR of sung / a / in singers was significantly greater than in nonsingers. In singers, SPR of sung / a / was significantly greater than that of spoken / a /. By digital signal processing, power spectrum of sung / a / was varied, and the processed sounds were perceptually analyzed. SPR had a significant relationship with perceptual scores of “ringing” quality. SPR provides an important quantitative measurement for evaluating singing voice quality for all voice types, including soprano.     

On the development of rational approximations incorporating inertial effects in coating and rimming flows: a multiple-scales approach

Analysis of thin-film rimming and coating flows is extendedto create a more general model, which can be identified as anew distinguished limit that has the work of certain previousstudies as specific limiting cases. Specifically, three-dimensionalflows under the influence of gravity are considered in whichthe Reynolds number is large enough to necessitate considerationof both inertial and centrifugal effects, along with those ofviscous, gravitational and surface-tension forces. Reductionof dimensionality is shown to be attainable within a systematic(multiple-timescale) asymptotic framework that encompasses allthese effects, leading to a two-dimensional formulation thatnot only is more general than many of the existing ones butalso represents a rational approximation in the sense that,in particular, the sizes of the dimensionless physical parametersto which it corresponds, together with the orders of magnitudeof the errors resulting from the reduction, can be preciselycharacterized.     

Circular oscillations of a cylinder in a viscous fluid

Summary The steady streaming velocity induced by the circular motion of a cylinder of elliptic cross-section in a viscous fluid is considered. The amplitude of this circular motion is supposed small compared with a typical diameter of the cylinder, which maintains a fixed orientation throughout the motion. Outside the Stokes shear-wave layer Reynolds stresses contribute to the induced steady streaming. The outer flow is calculated in the case of large streaming Reynolds numbers for two particular cylinders.

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Zusammenfassung Es wird die stationäre Strömung untersucht, die durch die kreisförmige Bewegung eines Zylinders mit elliptischem Querschnitt in einer zähen Flüssigkeit induziert wird. Die Amplitude dieser Kreisbewegung wird als klein angenommen gegenüber den Halbachsen der Ellipse, deren Orientierung während der Bewegung unverändert bleibt. Ausserhalb der Stokes-Schicht tragen die Reynolds-Spannungen zur Induzierten stationären Strömung bei. Die äussere Strömung wird im Falle von grossen Reynolds-Zahlen der Strömung für zwei besondere Zylinder berechnet.

     

High-K quasiparticle structures in 159Er and 160Er

A series of new strongly coupled high-K, multi-quasiparticle structures have been observed in the light erbium transitional nuclei, ¹⁵⁹Er and ¹⁶⁰Er. The interpretation of these bands is discussed within the framework of the cranked shell model. These sequences, when taken together with the existing quasiparticle excitations, form a near complete set of low-lying, multi-quasiparticle structures on which a coherent series of aligned angular momentum, band crossing and blocking arguments can be based. The measured B(M1)/B(E2) ratios are compared with geometrical calculations to test the proposed configuration assignments. Received: 19 November 1997     

Measurement of the cascade time of ∑ in liquid helium

In a study of ∑⁻π⁺ production by stopped K⁻ in liquid helium, (19 ± 6)% of stopped ∑⁻ were observed to decay. This corresponds to a “cascade time” of 28 ± 8 psec.