Phase transitions in small particles formed at the initial stages of electrocrystallization of metals

The diagram of possible phase transitions occurring in small particles with variations in the electrodeposition parameters is constructed and justified using the data obtained from experimental investigations into the formation and evolution of pentagonal crystals on an indifferent substrate during electrocrystallization of copper.     

Effect of optical blooming of a nanocrystal monolayer and the interface between two media

It is shown that several parameters of the near-field interaction of particles effectively control the reflectance of the interface between vacuum and a semi-infinite medium in a structured monolayer of nanoparticles, changing it from 0 to 1. The formulas derived for the electric field amplitudes inside and outside the nanostructural layer take into account the periodic arrangement of nanoparticles. The ideal blooming condition of the boundary of the underlying medium is derived, under which the reflectance of the interface tends to zero in a wide range of wavelengths in the visible optical range.     

An interrogator for a fiber Bragg sensor array based on a tunable erbium fiber laser

An interrogator of Bragg sensors based on a narrow-band tunable erbium laser is developed. The laser characteristics enable one to interrogate up to 45 temperature sensors in a range of 100°C with an error of no greater than 1°C.     

Plasmaneutrino spectrum

The spectrum of the neutrinos produced in the massive photon and longitudinal plasmon decay process has been computed with four levels of approximation for the dispersion relations. Some analytical formulae in the limit cases are derived. Interesting conclusions related to previous calculations of the energy loss in stars are presented. The high energy tail of the neutrino spectrum is shown to be proportional to exp(-E/kT), where E is the neutrino energy and kT is the temperature of the plasma. PACS 97.90.+j; 97.60.-s; 95.55.Vj; 52.27.Ep     

Femtosecond laser structuring of titanium implants

In this study we perform the first femtosecond laser surface treatment of titanium in order to determine the potential of this technology for surface structuring of titanium implants. We find that the femtosecond laser produces a large variety of nanostructures (nanopores, nanoprotrusions) with a size down to 20 nm, multiple parallel grooved surface patterns with a period on the sub-micron level, microroughness in the range of 1-15 μm with various configurations, smooth surface with smooth micro-inhomogeneities, and smooth surface with sphere-like nanostructures down to 10 nm. Also, we have determined the optimal conditions for producing these surface structural modifications. Femtosecond laser treatment can produce a richer variety of surface structures on titanium for implants and other biomedical applications than long-pulse laser treatments.     

On multiple integrals represented as a linear form in 1, ζ(3), ζ(5),..., ζ(2<Emphasis Type="Italic">k</Emphasis> − 1)

A theorem on the presentability of a multiple integral as a linear form in 1, ζ(3), ζ(5),..., ζ(2k − 1) over ℚ is proved. This theorem refines the results recently obtained by D. Vasiliev, V. Zudilin, and S. Zlobin. __________ Translated from Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Matematika, Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 143–178, 2005.     

Spectroscopic study of plasmons in ion-irradiated single-walled carbon nanotubes

The electronic structure of single-walled carbon nanotubes was experimentally investigated using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, reflection electron energy-loss spectroscopy, and Auger electron spectroscopy. A shake-up satellite structure observed near the C 1s core-level lines in the x-ray photoelectron spectra at high binding energies in the range 284–330 eV due to excitation of π and π + σ plasmons was studied. The effect of irradiation by 1-keV argon ions on the shape of the spectra was analyzed. The shape of the C 1s satellite spectra was found to be sensitive to Ar⁺ irradiation in the electron energy loss range 10–40 eV corresponding to excitation of π + σ plasmons. Auger spectroscopy revealed the presence of argon on the surface of ion-irradiated samples. The argon content increased to ～4 at. % with increasing irradiation dose. An analysis of the results obtained and their comparison with the data available in the literature led to a qualitative conclusion that the bond angles of the carbon atoms making up the walls of single-walled carbon nanotubes are distorted at sites exposed to Ar⁺ irradiation.     

On the role of mechanical effects during dynamic fatigue of PbTiO3 single crystals

The details of the mechanical effects (twinning and microcracking) are clarified at various stages of dynamic fatigue of PbTiO₃ crystals using a polarization microscope and selective etching.     

Possibility of observing chiral-symmetry effects in ferromagnetic nanoparticles

The statistics of left-and right-handed vortical magnetization states in a system of submicron-sized ferromagnetic disks is studied experimentally. Lattices of elliptic cobalt particles with a planar size of 750 × 450 nm and a thickness of 25 nm were formed using high-resolution electronic lithography. To visualize the magnetization distributions in the disks, magnetic force microscopy was used. The experimental results indicate the conservation of magnetic chiral symmetry in cobalt ferromagnetic particles of the above size and shape.