碳酸盐岩储层流体包裹体差分拉曼光谱的研究

拉曼微探针分析法对单个气液包裹体的化学成分和相态的无破坏性测量来说,目前几乎是唯一最好的方法.但是由于众多因素的影响,特别是主矿物具有较强荧光时,提高信噪比的问题急待解决.本工作对碳酸盐岩储层包裹体样品制成的薄片进行了显微观察、荧光测试及拉曼分析,并进行了空间上横向XY扫描、纵向上深度剖析(Z扫描)和冷热台上变温的流体包裹体筹分拉曼光谱测量方法的研究.结果表明,所得到的差谱揭示了包裹体更真实的光谱曲线,消除了主矿物对包裹体的干扰,以较高的信噪比显现出包裹体中流体(-170℃温度下的冰)位于位移波数3 098 cm-1附近的宽拉曼散射峰,明显的改善了信噪比.     

Molecular dynamics study of mechanical properties of carbon nanotube-embedded gold composites

The mechanical properties of nano-single crystal gold and carbon nanotube-embedded gold (CNT/Au) composites under axial tension were investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method. The interactions between atoms were modeled using the many-body tight-binding (TB) potential and the empirical Tersoff potential coupled with the Lennard-Jones (L-J) potential. We get the yield strain and the yield stress of nano-single crystal gold 0.092, 5.74 GPa, respectively. The computational results show that the increase in Young's modulus of the long CNT-embedded gold composite over pure gold is much large. From the simulation, we also find that the yield stress and the yield strain of short CNT-embedded gold composite are evidently less than that of the nano-single crystal gold.     

利用一个三粒子W态隐形传送N粒子GHZ态

杨洪钦等提出一个用两个三粒子W态作为量子信道将N粒子GHZ态从发送者传送给两个接收者中任意一个的量子隐形传送方案. 给出其理论分析,并提出了一个仅用一个三粒子W态作为量子信道将N粒子GHZ态传送给两个接收者之一的量子隐形传送的方案. 关键词： 隐形传态 GHZ态 W态量子信道     

有机化学实验线上课程之扬长避短教学设计与实践篇

It has been two months since a boom of online education triggered by the epidemic in China. At present, we are keeping focus on how to optimize our online class. In the case of chemistry laboratory courses, there's not much that can be done to experimental operations through online teaching. While for the traditional teaching procedure, there is still room for improvement in terms of integrating research to teaching, interactivity, etc. This paper will present some design strategies for improving teaching the organic chemistry laboratory online. To be specific, it describes how teaching materials like the lesson plan and virtual lab were coordinated into the online teaching. And we will also discuss the holistic approach to a better outcome for students' active learning and integration research into teaching by redesigning multiple phases, such as the pre-laboratory preparation, live online class, experimental operations.     

Semiconductor SERS on Colourful Substrates with Fabry-Pérot Cavities

Non-metallic materials have emerged as a new family of active substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), with unique advantages over their metal counterparts. However, owing to their inefficient interaction with the incident wavelength, the Raman enhancement achieved with non-metallic materials is considerably lower with respect to the metallic ones. Herein, we propose colourful semiconductor-based SERS substrates for the first time by utilizing a Fabry-Pérot cavity, which realize a large freedom in manipulating light. Owing to the delicate adjustment of the absorption in terms of both frequency and intensity, resonant absorption can be achieved with a variety of non-metal SERS substrates, with the sensitivity further enhanced by ≈100 times. As a typical example, by introducing a Fabry-Pérot-type substrate fabricated with SiO₂/Si, a rather low detection limit of 10⁻¹⁶ M for the SARS-CoV-2S protein is achieved on SnS₂. This study provides a realistic strategy for increasing SERS sensitivity when semiconductors are employed as SERS substrates.     

Reversible Solid–Solid Conversion of Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile Cathodes in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by Weakly Solvating Ether Electrolytes

Despite carbonate electrolytes exhibiting good stability to sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN), their chemical incompatibility with lithium (Li) metal anode leads to poor electrochemical performance of Li||SPAN full cells. While the SPAN employs conventional ether electrolytes that suffer from the shuttle effect, leading to rapid capacity fading. Here, we tailor a dilute electrolyte based on a low solvating power ether solvent that is both compatible with SPAN and Li metal. Unlike conventional ether electrolytes, the weakly solvating ether electrolyte enables SPAN to undergo reversibly “solid–solid” conversion. It features an anion–rich solvation structure that allows for the formation of a robust cathode electrolyte interphase on the SPAN, effectively blocking the dissolution of polysulfides into the bulk electrolyte and avoiding the shuttle effect. What's more, the unique electrolyte chemistry endowed Li ions with fast electroplating kinetics and induced high reversibility Li deposition/stripping process from 25 °C to −40 °C. Based on tailored electrolyte, Li||SPAN full cells matched with high loading SPAN cathodes (≈3.6 mAh cm⁻²) and 50 μm Li foil can operate stably over a wide range of temperatures. Additionally, Li||SPAN pouch cell under lean electrolyte and 5 % excess Li conditions can continuously operate stably for over a month.     

Numerical Modeling on Heat Transport Across Stochastic Magnetic Field

The heat diffusion across the stochastic magnetic field is studied numerically. The stochastic field is generated by the overlap of two magnetic islands. The parameter w/w_c, is found tobe an important parameter in charactering the transport, where w is the magnetic island width, and w_c is the critical island width for flattening the electron temperature across an island. For w/w_c < 1, the enhanced radial heat diffusivity χ_r is proportional to the parallel heat diffusivity χ_∥, and the heat transport is dominated by the additive effect of individual islands. For w/w_c > 3, χ_r is also proportional to χ_∥ and the additional degradation of the energy confinement due to stochastic magnetic field becomes apparent. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

侧链键合水杨醛型双齿席夫碱配基的功能化聚砜的合成及其稀土离子配合物的光致发光性能

通过氯甲基化聚砜(CMPSF)与4-羟基水杨醛(HSA)的亲核取代反应,将水杨醛(SA)基团键合在聚砜侧链,制得改性聚砜PSF-SA;再经PSF-SA的醛基分别与苯胺(AN)和环己胺(CA)发生席夫碱反应,获得了两种侧链键合了水杨醛型双齿席夫碱配基的功能化聚砜PSF-SAN和PSF-SCA,产物的结构由红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱表征。以两种功能化聚砜为大分子配体,与Tb(Ⅲ)离子及Eu(Ⅲ)离子分别配位,制得了二元高分子-稀土配合物,初步探索了配合物的光致发光性能。本文重点研究了功能化聚砜PSF-SAN和PSFSCA的制备反应,考察与分析了主要因素对CMPSF与HSA之间亲核取代反应的影响规律。结果表明,对于该亲核取代反应,适宜的溶剂为极性较强的N,N-二甲基乙酰胺,80℃为适宜的反应温度。大分子配体PSFSAN对Eu(Ⅲ)离子的荧光发射产生强烈的敏化作用,配合物PSF-(SAN)_3-Eu(Ⅲ)发射红光;大分子配体PSF-SCA对Tb(Ⅲ)离子的荧光发射也产生敏化作用,配合物PSF-(SCA)_3-Tb(Ⅲ)发射绿光。     

High Temperature Affects Photosynthetic and Molecular Processes in Field‐Cultivated Vitis vinifera L. × Vitis labrusca L.

High‐temperature stress markedly influences grape growth and development. However, how high‐temperature stress response differs between controlled and field‐cultivated grape is poorly understood. In this study, the effects of heat treatment on grapevines were studied for changes in photosystem II (PSII) activity and expression levels of heat‐responsive genes and heat shock protein HSP21. July 31st, 2015 was considered as the post high‐temperature treatment (“42°C”; temperatures above 40°C for a period of time each day ranging from 1–7 h) under field cultivation in our experiment. The recovery of chlorophyll fluorescence indicators and the increasing expression of heat‐responsive genes and the heat shock protein HSP21 suggested the development of heat tolerance in the form of acclimation in grape. Changes in various parameters of photosynthetic pigment fluorescence and of the electron transport chain (Fv/Fm, PI_ABS, W_k, RC_QA, Φ_Po, and Φ_Eo) between “42°C” and the 45°C treatment demonstrated that the donor side, reaction center, and acceptor side of PSII were influenced by a critical high temperature. Furthermore, the difference between the two cultivation conditions studied was attributed to other environmental factors and inherent tree vigor.