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971.
In a continuing effort to predict the physicochemical properties of seawater from the properties of single aqueous electrolyte solutions, the pairwise heats of mixing at constant molal ionic strength,I=1.0 ional, have been determined for the six possible pairs of salts from the set (NaCl, Na2SO4, MgCl2, MgSO4) at 30°C. In addition, heats of dilution for two aqueous solutions formed from these salts and havingI=1.0 ional have been determined at 30°C. In order to present the most thermodynamically consistent results, it was found necessary to apply a correction term to the relative apparent equivalent enthalpies given in the literature at 30°C. These correction terms derived from a consideration of published results on heats of dilution at very low concentrations. Further, in order to make predictions for seawater at 25°C, it was deemed desirable to refit existing heat-capacity data. The heats relative apparent equivalent enthalpies for the two mixtures mentioned as well as for seawater. The estimates are based on the theoretical equation of Reilly and Wood for charge-asymmetric mixtures which derives from the work of Friedman. In the most applicable cases, the estimates agree with experimental relative apparent equivalent enthalpies to within 5%. In general, the results substantiate the theoretical equation.Taken in part from the Ph.D. dissertation of W. H. Leung, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149. 相似文献
972.
The solid-state reaction of the second kind in a sandwich type diffusion couple of and β-Ga2O3 has been investigated between 1249 and 1550°C in air. The quantity z, which corresponds to the saturation concentration of β-Ga2O3 in CoO, was determined as a function of temperature by X-ray methods and the optical microscope; the homogeneity range of the spinel phase was investigated also. The growth of the thickness of the reaction layer follows a parabolic rate law; the activation energy is 71.6 kcal/mole. A comparison of reaction rate constants of the first and second kind in connection with experimental results, achieved with a modified marker technique, leads to confirmation of the Wagner mechanism for the formation of CoGa2O4 spinel as supposed before by Laqua. Reaction rate constants of the second kind, calculated from interdiffusion profiles in CoO-β-Ga2O3 diffusion couples, are in good agreement with experimental values. Presented data are used for estimating interdiffusion coefficients for the CoO-β-Ga2O3 system according to theoretical aspects developed by Pelton, Schmalzried, and Greskovich. 相似文献
973.
Techniques for the direct analysis of powdered advanced ceramics provide an advantageous alternative to methods using wet digestion in sample preparation. The direct spectrochemical methods based on electrothermal vaporization (ETV-ICP-OES, solid-ETV-AAS, etc.) show a great similarity to the classical method of d. c. arc excitation. The calibration procedure is the major difficulty of all techniques applied for direct solid sample analysis, as there is a lack of suitable reference materials of ceramics. Consequently, it was necessary to verify various possibilities of preparation and application of model calibration samples. The results of such a calibration are compared with those using within-laboratory standards. 相似文献
974.
A review of the results of computer simulation of the diffusion controlled recombination of ions is presented. The ions generated in clusters of two and three pairs of oppositely charged ions were considered. The recombination kinetics and the ion escape probability at infinite time with and without external electric field have been computed. These results are compared with the calculations based on the single-pair theory. 相似文献
975.
A set-up for continuous measurements of atmospheric H2S concentrations in the range between 0.138 g/m3 and 17.5 g/m3 is described. All flows are regulated by flow sensors which are connected to the respective pump by a feed back circuit. The instrument is working in two sensitivity ranges. One is provided for low H2S concentrations (lower than 1.75 g/m3) and the other for higher levels (higher than 1.75 g/m3). During continuous measurements the set-up enables an automatic adaptation of one of the sensitivity ranges to ambient H2S concentrations. The critical step of absorption of gaseous H2S into the liquid phase of the continuous flow system could be stabilised by the development of a new fluid level control system. After numerous test measurements under laboratory conditions the instrument was tested for the first time in June 1993 during field measurements in the tropics. These measurements took place in the environment of natural and industrial sources of H2S in the vicinity of Salvador da Bahia in Brazil. Data are presented which prove the ability of the instrument.Dedicated to Professor D. Dieter Klockow on the occasion of his 60th birthday 相似文献
976.
Toluene diluted in argon subjected to continuous argon discharge radiation during condensation at 21 K revealed absorptions at 310.5 and 449.6 nm due to benzyl radical, and 317 nm due to a C77H9 radical. A photosensitive 430 nm band, in agreement with photodissociation spectra of the toluene parent cation, is assigned to this species. 相似文献
977.
The MINDO/2 prime method is applied to the study of the force field of the benzene molecule. Force constants are recorded and compared with the data of Duinker and Mills. The wavenumbers of vibration are calculated for both perhydro and perdeuterobenzene, and the values compared with experiment. 相似文献
978.
Bis(methyl)disulphide and the organometallic compound {(Cp)Mo(CO)3}2 in low oxidation state under photolysis give especially with the hexa-fluorobut-2 yne a 18-electron olefin complexe {(Cp)Mo(CO)3(CF3C2CF3SCH3)}. The new compounds are reported and the reaction discussed. 相似文献
979.
Normal vibrational modes which are broadened by a distribution of frequencies are coherently excited via transient stimulated Raman scattering. The dephasing time of a subgroup of molecules is observed using a new selective k-vector technique. In this way, one studies the homogeneous linewidth of an inhomogeneously broadened vibrational band. Results are reported on CH-stretching modes of methanol and ethylene glycol. 相似文献
980.
A general formulation has been developed for the evaluation of the total electron spin-spin contact interaction in many-electron atoms, including both the intra- and inter-shell contributions. Calculations have been carried out, using existing analytical Hartree-Fock functions, for the positive ions, neutral systems, and negative ions for all the atoms from He to Kr.
This work has been supported in part by the National Research Council of Canada. 相似文献
Zusammenfassung Es wird ein allgemeiner Formalismus zur Berechnung der gesamten Elektronen-Spin-Spin-Kontakt-Wechselwirkung in Vielelektronen-Atomen angegeben, der sowohl die Anteile der Wechselwirkung innerhalb einer Schale als auch zwischen einzelnen Schalen berücksichtigt. Berechnungen wurden unter Benutzung vorhandener analytischer Hartree-Fock-Funktionen für die positiven Ionen, die neutralen Systeme und die negativen Ionen aller Atome von He bis Kr durchgeführt.
This work has been supported in part by the National Research Council of Canada. 相似文献